1
|
Dolu İ, Bozkurt FD, Bulut E, Yıldırım İ, Dilcen HY. Do peer-based short-form educational videos created by nursing students improve youths' knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases? A quasi-experimental study. Int J Nurs Pract 2024; 30:e13221. [PMID: 38056436 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) remains high worldwide in today's society, especially among young people. Youth education on STDs could help to reduce the prevalence of the condition in society and prevent new cases. AIM The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of peer-based short-form educational videos on youths' knowledge of STDs. METHODS This quasi-experimental study was conducted in Turkey. The sample consisted of 121 students divided into experimental and control groups. Pre- and post-test control group quasi-experimental research design was employed in this study during the spring semester of the academic year 2021-2022. Peer-based short-form educational videos created by nursing students were used as an intervention. The survey form and Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire were used to collect data. RESULTS Participants with parental responsibilities and had previous STD experience had higher knowledge score than the other subgroups. There was a significant main effect of peer-based short-form educational video on participants overall knowledge score of STDs. Additionally, the effect of intervention continued at 12-week follow-up measurement. CONCLUSION Peer-based short-form educational videos increase young people's knowledge of STD, and the impact of the intervention continued at 12-week follow up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- İlknur Dolu
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Science, Bartın University, Bartın, Turkey
| | - Feyza Demir Bozkurt
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Science, Bartın University, Bartın, Turkey
| | - Ebru Bulut
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Science, Bartın University, Bartın, Turkey
| | - İlayda Yıldırım
- Internal Medicine Nursing, School of Gratuate Studies, Bartın University, Bartın, Turkey
| | - Hacer Yalnız Dilcen
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Science, Bartın University, Bartın, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rodrigues DL, Carvalho AC, Prada M, Garrido MV, Balzarini RN, de Visser RO, Lopes D. Condom Use Beliefs Differ According to Regulatory Focus: A Mixed-Methods Study in Portugal and Spain. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2024; 61:709-726. [PMID: 36877803 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2023.2181305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Reports worldwide have been showing increasing rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and condomless sex in recent years. Research has identified several individual and situational variables that can determine the decision to use condoms or forgo their use. We argue that such a decision can also be shaped by motives related to pleasure and safety (i.e., regulatory focus in sexuality). Using open ended questions, we asked 742 Portuguese and Spanish adults to indicate situations and reasons that could inform the decision making process with casual partners and the functions/attributes related to condoms. Using thematic analyses, we coded the drivers of condomless sex and condom use into themes and subthemes, and computed their frequencies. Using quantitative measures, we also asked participants to indicate their condom use expectancies and perceived barriers. Comparing participants according to regulatory focus revealed some differences. Pleasure promotion participants were more likely to consider that condom use decision making is driven by unexpectedness, pleasure, and intimacy pursuit, attached more pleasure reduction functions to condoms, expected more negative outcomes in condom use, and endorsed more sensation and partner barriers in condom use. In contrast, disease prevention participants were more likely to consider that condom use decision making is driven by adequate sexual education, responsibility, and behavioral control, and attached more health protective functions to condoms. These differences can inform the development of tailored intervention and awareness campaigns aimed at helping people to use condoms more consistently with casual partners and to avoid behaviors that put them at risk of STI transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David L Rodrigues
- Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, CIS-Iscte, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Marília Prada
- Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, CIS-Iscte, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Rhonda N Balzarini
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
- The Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Richard O de Visser
- Department of Primary Care & Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK
| | - Diniz Lopes
- Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, CIS-Iscte, Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Supronowicz Ł, Rogalska M. Syphilitic hepatitis. Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 10:9-13. [PMID: 38765910 PMCID: PMC11100338 DOI: 10.5114/ceh.2024.136235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted multisystemic disease known as "the great imitator" due to its variable presentations. Despite being preventable and curable, it still constitutes a major health problem. Hepatic manifestation of syphilis is usually mild cholestatic liver injury but in very rare cases can become fulminant. Moreover, syphilitic hepatitis, known for several decades, is considered rare but is probably under-diagnosed. Given the significant morbidity associated with a missed diagnosis, syphilitic hepatitis should be taken into account as an element of differential diagnosis in patients with unexplained elevation of liver enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Supronowicz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rogalska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mitjà O, Padovese V, Folch C, Rossoni I, Marks M, Rodríguez i Arias MA, Telenti A, Ciuffi A, Blondeel K, Mårdh O, Casabona J. Epidemiology and determinants of reemerging bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and emerging STIs in Europe. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. EUROPE 2023; 34:100742. [PMID: 37927427 PMCID: PMC10625005 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
In this scoping review, we offer a comprehensive understanding of the current and recent epidemiology, challenges, and emerging issues related to bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the WHO European Region. We endeavour in collating data from both EU/EEA and non- EU/EEA countries, thereby giving a complete picture of the region which highlights the higher notification rates in Northern and Western countries than other regions, likely due to differences in testing, access to testing, and surveillance capacity. We provide an up-to-date review on the current knowledge of determinants and persistent inequities in key populations as well as the use of molecular epidemiology for identifying transmission networks in gonorrhoea and syphilis, and detecting chlamydia mutations that evade molecular diagnosis. Finally, we explore the emerging STIs in the region and the evolving transmission routes of food and waterborne diseases into sexual transmission. Our findings call for harmonized STI surveillance systems, proactive strategies, and policies to address social factors, and staying vigilant for emerging STIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Mitjà
- Skin Neglected Tropical Diseases and Sexually Transmitted Infections Section, Hospital Universitari Germans Trías i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- Fight Infectious Diseases Foundation, Badalona, Spain
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
| | - Valeska Padovese
- Genitourinary Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta
| | - Cinta Folch
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies of HIV/AIDS and STI of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isotta Rossoni
- Van Vollenhoven Institute for Law, Governance and Society, Leiden University, Netherland
| | - Michael Marks
- Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
- Division of Infection and Immunology, University College London, London, UK
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Miquel Angel Rodríguez i Arias
- Skin Neglected Tropical Diseases and Sexually Transmitted Infections Section, Hospital Universitari Germans Trías i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- Fight Infectious Diseases Foundation, Badalona, Spain
| | | | - Angela Ciuffi
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Karel Blondeel
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Otilia Mårdh
- STI, Blood Borne Viruses and TB Section, Disease Programmes Unit, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Solna, Sweden
| | - Jordi Casabona
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies of HIV/AIDS and STI of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bozicevic I, Blazic TN, Kosanovic Licina ML, Marijan T, Mestrovic T, De Zan T, Stulhofer A. Knowledge about and prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in a population-based sample of emerging Croatian adults. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293224. [PMID: 37889908 PMCID: PMC10610073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To determine the prevalence of genital Chlamydia trachomatis (chlamydia) infection, knowledge about chlamydia and experience of previous testing for chlamydia, we carried out a national probability-based survey in emerging adults aged 18-25 years in Croatia in 2021-2022. Participants (n = 1197), members of a national online panel, completed a web-based questionnaire that collected information on socio-demographics, sexual behaviours and knowledge about sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Urine specimens from a sample of sexually experienced participants were self-collected and tested for chlamydia using Cobas 4800 CT/NG test. To achieve broad representativeness of the emerging adult population in the country, we applied post-hoc weighting for gender and age. Multivariable ordinary least squares linear regression was used to determine correlates of knowledge about chlamydia infection and binomial logistic regression to assess correlates of the willingness to test for chlamydia. Among 448 participants who sent in their urine specimens chlamydia prevalence was 2.5% (95% CI 1.2-5.1) in women and 1.0% (0.3-3.2%) in men. A total of 8.0% of women and 4.7% men reported testing for chlamydia prior to the survey. About a quarter of the sample was characterized by not answering correctly any of the six questions related to knowledge about chlamydia, while only 9.6% had five or six correct answers. In the multivariable analysis, significantly higher odds of willingness to test for chlamydia were found in females compared to males (OR = 1.34, p = 0.024), those with better knowledge about the infection (OR = 1.11, p = 0.005), and those with lower religiosity (OR = 0.91, p = 0.017). In conclusion, prevalence of chlamydia in emerging adults in Croatia is considerable. Efforts to control this infection should focus on primary prevention and targeted testing combined with effective case management strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Bozicevic
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for HIV Strategic Information, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tatjana Nemeth Blazic
- Division for Epidemiology of Communicable Diseases, Department for HIV, Sexual and Blood Transmitted Diseases, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirjana Lana Kosanovic Licina
- Division for Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Teaching Institute for Public Health “Andrija Stampar”, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tatjana Marijan
- Division for Clinical Microbiology, Department of Molecular Microbiology, Teaching Institute for Public Health “Andrija Stampar”, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Tihana De Zan
- Division for Clinical Microbiology, Department of Molecular Microbiology, Teaching Institute for Public Health “Andrija Stampar”, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Stulhofer
- Department of Sociology Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Baccili AP, Monteiro LHA. Social Pressure from a Core Group can Cause Self-Sustained Oscillations in an Epidemic Model. Acta Biotheor 2023; 71:18. [PMID: 37347302 DOI: 10.1007/s10441-023-09469-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Let the individuals of a population be divided into two groups with different personal habits. The core group is associated with health risk behaviors; the non-core group avoids unhealthy activities. Assume that the infected individuals of the core group can spread a contagious disease to the whole population. Also, assume that cure does not confer immunity. Here, an epidemiological model written as a set of ordinary differential equations is proposed to investigate the infection propagation in this population. In the model, migrations between these two groups are allowed; however, the transitions from the non-core group into the core group prevail. These migrations can be either spontaneous or stimulated by social pressure. It is analytically shown that, in the scenario of spontaneous migration, the disease is either naturally eradicated or chronically persists at a constant level. In the scenario of stimulated migration, in addition to eradication and constant persistence, self-sustained oscillations in the number of sick individuals can also be found. These analytical results are illustrated by numerical simulations and discussed from a public health perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A P Baccili
- Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, PPGEEC, Escola de Engenharia, Rua da Consolação, n.896, 01302-907, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - L H A Monteiro
- Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, PPGEEC, Escola de Engenharia, Rua da Consolação, n.896, 01302-907, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola Politécnica, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Parczewski M, Jabłonowska E, Wójcik-Cichy K, Zhyvytsia D, Witak-Jędra M, Leszczyszyn-Pynka M, Aksak-Wąs B, Siwak E, Cielniak I, Olczak A, Szymczak A, Szetela B, Bociąga-Jasik M, Kalinowska-Nowak A, Mularska E, Witor A, Jakubowski P, Hlebowicz M, Rozpłochowski B, Łojewski W, Scheibe K, Serwin K. Clinical Perspective on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care of Ukrainian War Refugees in Poland. Clin Infect Dis 2023; 76:1708-1715. [PMID: 36888680 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Russian invasion of Ukraine forced migration for safety, protection, and assistance. Poland is the primary sheltering country for Ukrainian refugees, providing support including medical care, which resulted in the rapid ∼15% increase in the number of followed-up people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH) in the country. Here, we present the national experience on HIV care provided for refugees from Ukraine. METHODS Clinical, antiretroviral, immunological, and virologic data from 955 Ukrainian PWH entering care in Poland since February 2022 were analyzed. The dataset included both antiretroviral-treated (n = 851) and newly diagnosed (n = 104) patients. In 76 cases, protease/reverse transcriptase/integrase sequencing was performed to identify drug resistance and subtype. RESULTS Most (70.05%) of the patients were female, with a predominance of heterosexual (70.3%) transmissions. Anti-hepatitis C antibody and hepatitis B antigen were present in 28.7% and 2.9% of the patients, respectively. A history of tuberculosis was reported in 10.1% of cases. Among previously treated patients, the viral suppression rate was 89.6%; 77.3% of newly HIV diagnosed cases were diagnosed late (with lymphocyte CD4 count <350 cells/μL or AIDS). The A6 variant was observed in 89.0% of sequences. Transmitted mutations in the reverse transcriptase were found in 15.4% treatment-naive cases. Two patients with treatment failure exhibited multiclass drug resistance. CONCLUSIONS Migration from Ukraine influences the characteristics of HIV epidemics in Europe, with an increase in the proportion of women and hepatitis C coinfected patients. Antiretroviral treatment efficacy among previously treated refugees was high, with new HIV cases frequently diagnosed late. The A6 subtype was the most common variant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miłosz Parczewski
- Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases, and Immune Deficiency, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Jabłonowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Lódz, Lódz, Poland
| | - Kamila Wójcik-Cichy
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Lódz, Lódz, Poland
| | - Dmytro Zhyvytsia
- Infectious, Tropical Diseases, and Immune Deficiency, Regional Hospital, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Witak-Jędra
- Infectious, Tropical Diseases, and Immune Deficiency, Regional Hospital, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Bogusz Aksak-Wąs
- Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases, and Immune Deficiency, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Siwak
- Department of Infection, Tropical Diseases, and Hepatology, Medical University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Cielniak
- Department of Infection, Tropical Diseases, and Hepatology, Medical University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anita Olczak
- Department of Adult Infection Diseases, Medical University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szymczak
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University Ludwik Rydygier Collegium, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Bartosz Szetela
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University Ludwik Rydygier Collegium, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Monika Bociąga-Jasik
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Liver Disease, and Acquired Immune Deficiencies, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kalinowska-Nowak
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Liver Disease, and Acquired Immune Deficiencies, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Mularska
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Regional Hospital Chorzów, Chorzów, Poland
| | - Adam Witor
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Regional Hospital Chorzów, Chorzów, Poland
| | - Paweł Jakubowski
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Hlebowicz
- Infectious Diseases Clinical Ward, University of Warma and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Błażej Rozpłochowski
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hepatology, and Acquired Immunodeficiencies, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Władysław Łojewski
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Regional Hospital in Zielona Gora, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Kaja Scheibe
- Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases, and Immune Deficiency, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karol Serwin
- Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases, and Immune Deficiency, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|