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Xie Y, Zhang J, Ni S, Li J. Association of circulating minerals and vitamins with pregnancy complications: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1334974. [PMID: 38957867 PMCID: PMC11217313 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1334974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Though considerable studies suggesting connections between micronutrients and pregnancy complications, current evidence remains inconsistent and lacks causative confirmation. Our study aimed to explore the causal links between them with a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data for circulating micronutrients were sourced from GWAS Catalog consortium and PubMed, while data for pregnancy outcomes, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), gestational hypertension (GH), spontaneous abortion (SA), preterm birth (PTB), and stillbirth (SB), were retrieved from the UK Biobank and FinnGen consortia. Causal effects were appraised using inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median (WM), and MR-Egger, followed by sensitivity analyses and meta-analysis for validation. Results Genetically predicted higher vitamin E (OR = 0.993, 95% CI 0.987-0.998; p = 0.005) levels were inversely associated with SA risk. Consistent results were obtained in meta-analysis (OR = 0.99, 95% CI 0.99-1.00; p = 0.005). Besides, a potential positive causality between genetic predisposition to vitamin B12 and SB was identified in both IVW (OR = 0.974, 95% CI 0.953-0.996; p = 0.018) and WM analysis (OR = 0.965, 95% CI 0.939-0.993; p = 0.013). However, no causal relationships were observed between other analyzed circulating micronutrients and pregnancy complications. Conclusion This study offers compelling evidence of causal associations between circulating levels of vitamins E, B12 and the risk of SA and SB, respectively. These findings are pivotal for pregnancy complications screening and prevention, potentially guiding clinical practice and public health policies toward targeted nutritional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xie
- Department of Gynecology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Central Laboratory for Research, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Ni
- Department of Gynecology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Gynecology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Meulmeester FL, Luo J, Martens LG, Mills K, van Heemst D, Noordam R. Antioxidant Supplementation in Oxidative Stress-Related Diseases: What Have We Learned from Studies on Alpha-Tocopherol? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122322. [PMID: 36552530 PMCID: PMC9774512 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been proposed as a key contributor to lifestyle- and age-related diseases. Because free radicals play an important role in various processes such as immune responses and cellular signaling, the body possesses an arsenal of different enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense mechanisms. Oxidative stress is, among others, the result of an imbalance between the production of various reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense mechanisms including vitamin E (α-tocopherol) as a non-enzymatic antioxidant. Dietary vitamins, such as vitamin C and E, can also be taken in as supplements. It has been postulated that increasing antioxidant levels through supplementation may delay and/or ameliorate outcomes of lifestyle- and age-related diseases that have been linked to oxidative stress. Although supported by many animal experiments and observational studies, randomized clinical trials in humans have failed to demonstrate any clinical benefit from antioxidant supplementation. Nevertheless, possible explanations for this discrepancy remain underreported. This review aims to provide an overview of recent developments and novel research techniques used to clarify the existing controversy on the benefits of antioxidant supplementation in health and disease, focusing on α-tocopherol as antioxidant. Based on the currently available literature, we propose that examining the difference between antioxidant activity and capacity, by considering the catabolism of antioxidants, will provide crucial knowledge on the preventative and therapeutical use of antioxidant supplementation in oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fleur L. Meulmeester
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (F.L.M.); (R.N.); Tel.: +31-71-526-6640 (R.N.)
| | - Jiao Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Leon G. Martens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin Mills
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (F.L.M.); (R.N.); Tel.: +31-71-526-6640 (R.N.)
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Zhang X, Guo F, Wang Q, Bai W, Zhao A. Low-dose aspirin improves blood perfusion of endometrium of unexplained recurrent biochemical pregnancy loss. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2021; 157:418-423. [PMID: 34314517 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.13838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the differences in Doppler parameters of endometrial receptivity in unexplained recurrent biochemical pregnancy loss (URBPL) and the therapeutic effect of low-dose aspirin (LDA). METHODS A retrospective study was conducted at Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai, PR China, from January 2017 to January 2019. Doppler parameters of endometrium and uterus were recorded as the evaluation of the endometrial receptivity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was managed to predict the risk of URBPL. Ultrasonography tests were repeated after 2 months of treatment with LDA. RESULTS Biochemical pregnancies did not correlate with maternal age. The resistance of endometrial perfusion (pulsatility index, resistive index, and systolic-to-diastolic ratio) was significantly higher in URBPLs (P < 0.001) and had predictive values (0.739, 0.779, and 0.760, respectively). Endometrial thickness and impedance to uterine blood flow showed no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). After treatment with LDA, patients with URBPL improved the blood perfusion of endometrium significantly (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION There was no relation between BPL and maternal age. Patients with URBPL had inappropriate endometrial blood velocity. Doppler indices are capable of predicting the risk of URBPL. LDA exerts the therapeutic effect on improving blood perfusion of endometrium in URBPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, PR China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qiaohong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wenxin Bai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Aimin Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, PR China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai, PR China
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Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Threatened Miscarriage: Advantages and Risks. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/5589116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Threatened miscarriage is one of the most common complications causing pregnancy loss, and it affects approximately 20% of confirmed pregnancies. More and more women are seeking treatment with complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for this common complication, and it has been reported that women have had successful pregnancies after threatened miscarriage when being treated with CAM, which mainly includes Chinese herbal medicines, acupuncture, and nutritional supplements as well as psychological interventions and other approaches. However, many experts are concerned about the safety and adverse events of certain CAM approaches in women with threatened miscarriage. Therefore, this review focuses on the status of CAM for threatened miscarriage and presents the potential therapeutic efficacy and safety of CAM based on some clinical and experimental studies. We thus hope to provide some instructive suggestions for the application of CAM for treating threatened miscarriage in the future.
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Wang T, Kang X, Zhao A, He L, Liu Z, Liu F. Low‐dose aspirin improves endometrial receptivity in the midluteal phase in unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2020; 150:77-82. [PMID: 32293031 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.13160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tongfei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Concord Hospital of the Fujian Medical University Fuzhou China
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Aimin Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Liying He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Zhilan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Fangsun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
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Khajeh M, Nouri M, Ghasemzadeh A, Mehdizadeh A, Shanehbandi D, Yousefi S, Darabi M, Rahbarghazi R. Arachidonic acid alleviates the detrimental effects of acetylsalicylic acid on human granulosa cells performance in vitro. Mol Reprod Dev 2020; 87:607-619. [PMID: 32270588 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Here, we investigated the biological effects of arachidonic acid (AA) in human cumulus granulosa cells (CGCs) after exposure to ASA. Cells were isolated from the follicular fluid and incubated with 0.5 mM acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and 50 µM AA. Cell viability was analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. E2 and P4 levels were measured by chemiluminescence assay. Expression of genes including CYP19A1, FACN, and SCD1 was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. Oxidative status was analyzed by monitoring glutathione peroxidase activity. The fatty acid profile was analyzed by the gas chromatography technique. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) in CGCs after exposure to ASA and AA. Protein levels of the estrogen receptor were studied by immunofluorescence staining. Ultrastructural changes were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy imaging. ASA treatment reduced E2 production, Cyp19a1 expression, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and estradiol receptor expression in CGCs. The addition of AA prevented the ASA-induced E2 reduction (p < .05) and expression of Cyp19a1. Moreover, AA increased the antioxidant capacity of CGCs exposed to ASA by promoting GPx activity (p < .05). AA increased monounsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid ratio compared with the ASA group (p < .05). AA supplementation triggered the synthesis and secretion of PGE2 in ASA-treated CGCS (p < .05). Cytoplasmic vacuolation observed in the ASA group and treatment with AA intensified vacuolation rate. The expression of the estrogen receptor was increased after AA supplementation. Data demonstrated that AA decreased the detrimental effects of ASA on human CGCs after 72 hr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Khajeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aalie Ghasemzadeh
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Mehdizadeh
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soudabe Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Darabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Levine LD, Holland TL, Kim K, Sjaarda LA, Mumford SL, Schisterman EF. The role of aspirin and inflammation on reproduction: the EAGeR trial 1. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 97:187-192. [PMID: 30562044 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation has been linked to several complications in pregnancy, including pregnancy loss. Due to its anti-inflammatory properties, aspirin, a widely available and inexpensive therapy, has potential to help mitigate the negative effects of inflammation along the reproductive pathway. Therefore, the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction (EAGeR) trial was designed to elucidate whether preconception-initiated daily low-dose aspirin would increase the live birth rate in women with 1-2 prior pregnancy losses and no infertility diagnosis and attempting unassisted conception. Here, we present an overview of the collected findings. Low-dose aspirin was associated with an increased live birth rate among women with a single loss at <20 weeks gestation within the past year. When stratified by tertile of C-reactive protein (CRP), a biomarker of inflammation, treatment with aspirin restored a decrement in the live birth rate in women in the highest CRP tertile (relative risk 1.35, 95% confidence interval 1.08-1.67), increasing to similar rates as women of the lower and mid-CRP tertiles. The same effect modification by inflammation status was observed when examining the effect of low-dose aspirin on offspring sex ratio. These results suggest that inflammation plays an important role in reproduction, and that chronic, low-grade inflammation may be amenable to aspirin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay D Levine
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tiffany L Holland
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Keewan Kim
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lindsey A Sjaarda
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sunni L Mumford
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Enrique F Schisterman
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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