18F-FDG PET/MRI Primary Staging of Cervical Cancer: A Pilot Study with PET/CT Comparison

Application value of artificial intelligence algorithm-based magnetic resonance multi-sequence imaging in staging diagnosis of cervical cancer

The aim of this research is to explore the application value of Deep residual network model (DRN) for deep learning-based multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the staging diagnosis of cervical cancer (CC). This research included 90 patients diagnosed with CC between August 2019 and May 2021 at the hospital. After undergoing MRI examination, the clinical staging and surgical pathological staging of patients were conducted. The research then evaluated the results of clinical staging and MRI staging to assess their diagnostic accuracy and correlation. In the staging diagnosis of CC, the feature enhancement layer was added to the DRN model, and the MRI imaging features of CC were used to enhance the image information. The precision, specificity, and sensitivity of the constructed model were analyzed, and then the accuracy of clinical diagnosis staging and MRI staging were compared. As the model constructed DRN in this research was compared with convolutional neural network (CNN) and the classic deep neural network visual geometry group (VGG), the precision was 67.7, 84.9, and 93.6%, respectively. The sensitivity was 70.4, 82.5, and 91.2%, while the specificity was 68.5, 83.8, and 92.2%, respectively. The precision, sensitivity, and specificity of the model were remarkably higher than those of CNN and VGG models (P < 0.05). As the clinical staging and MRI staging of CC were compared, the diagnostic accuracy of MRI was 100%, while that of clinical diagnosis was 83.7%, showing a significant difference between them (P < 0.05). Multi-sequence MRI under intelligent algorithm had a high diagnostic rate for CC staging, deserving a good clinical application value.

Current Update on PET/MRI in Gynecological Malignancies-A Review of the Literature

Early detection of gynecological malignancies is vital for patient management and prolonging the patient's survival. Molecular imaging, such as positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography, has been increasingly utilized in gynecological malignancies. PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables the assessment of gynecological malignancies by combining the metabolic information of PET with the anatomical and functional information from MRI. This article will review the updated applications of PET/MRI in gynecological malignancies.

PET/MR Part 4: Clinical Applications of PET/MRI

Position emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a hybrid modality provides novel imaging opportunities. While there are a very broad array of pathologies that could benefit from PET/MRI, there is only a narrow range of applications where benefit over standard care justifies the higher resource utilization and, in particular, offers a net positive trade-off over PET/CT. This benefit is generally associated with the omission of CT and the associated radiation dose from the patient workup. This manuscript provides a summary of the generally accepted clinical applications of PET/MRI in both adult and pediatric populations. While there are a number of potential applications and certainly exciting research that may expand applications in the future, the purpose of this paper was to focus on current, mainstream applications. This is the final manuscript in a four-part integrated series sponsored by the SNMMI-TS PET/MR Task Force in conjunction with the SNMMI-TS Publication Committee.

Imaging and its Impact on Defining the Oligometastatic State

Successful treatment of oligometastatic disease (OMD) is facilitated through timely detection and localization of disease, both at the time of initial diagnosis (synchronous OMD) and following the initial therapy (metachronous OMD). Hence, imaging plays an indispensable role in management of patients with OMD. However, the challenges and complexities of OMD management are also reflected in the imaging of this entity. While innovations and advances in imaging technology have made a tremendous impact in disease detection and management, there remain substantial and unaddressed challenges for earlier and more accurate establishment of OMD state. This review will provide an overview of the available imaging modalities and their inherent strengths and weaknesses, with a focus on their role and potential in detection and evaluation of OMD in different organ systems. Furthermore, we will review the role of imaging in evaluation of OMD for malignancies of various primary organs, such as the lung, prostate, colon/rectum, breast, kidney, as well as neuroendocrine tumors and gynecologic malignancies. We aim to provide a practical overview about the utilization of imaging for clinicians who play a role in the care of those with, or at risk for OMD.