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Lin T, Zhang S, Tang Y, Xiao M, Li M, Gong H, Xie H, Wang Y. ART1 knockdown decreases the IL-6-induced proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:354. [PMID: 38504172 PMCID: PMC10953198 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12120-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a worldwide health concern. Chronic inflammation is a risk factor for CRC, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a pivotal role in this process. Arginine-specific mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase-1 (ART1) positively regulates inflammatory cytokines. ART1 knockdown reduces the level of glycoprotein 130 (gp130), a key transducer in the IL-6 signalling pathway. However, the relationship between ART1 and IL-6 and the resulting effects on IL-6-induced proliferation in CRC cells remain unclear. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of ART1 knockdown on IL-6-induced cell proliferation in vitro and use an in vivo murine model to observe the growth of transplanted tumours. The results showed that compared with the control, ART1-sh cancer cells induced by IL-6 exhibited reduced viability, a lower rate of colony formation, less DNA synthesis, decreased protein levels of gp130, c-Myc, cyclin D1, Bcl-xL, and a reduced p-STAT3/STAT3 ratio (P < 0.05). Moreover, mice transplanted with ART1-sh CT26 cells that had high levels of IL-6 displayed tumours with smaller volumes (P < 0.05). ART1 and gp130 were colocalized in CT26, LoVo and HCT116 cells, and their expression was positively correlated in human CRC tissues. Overall, ART1 may serve as a promising regulatory factor for IL-6 signalling and a potential therapeutic target for human CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Lin
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Basic Medicine College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Shuxian Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Basic Medicine College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Basic Medicine College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Ming Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Basic Medicine College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Basic Medicine College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hanjuan Gong
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Basic Medicine College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hailun Xie
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Basic Medicine College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yalan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Basic Medicine College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China.
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China.
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China.
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Wu Z, Shang G, Zhang K, Wang W, Fan M, Lin R. Combined the surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy for predicting overall survival in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Int J Surg 2024; 110:01279778-990000000-00998. [PMID: 38241384 PMCID: PMC11020034 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last few decades, the annual global incidence of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) has steadily increased. Because of the complex and inconsistent treatment of GEP-NETs, the prognosis of patients with GEP-NETs is still difficult to assess. The study aimed to construct and validate the nomograms included treatment data for prediction overall survival (OS) in GEP-NETs patients. METHODS GEP-NETs patients determined from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-13 registry database (1992-2018) and with additional treatment data from the SEER-18 registry database (1975-2016). In order to select independent prognostic factors that contribute significantly to patient survival and can be included in the nomogram, multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed using the minimum value of Akaike information criterion (AIC) and we analyzed the relationship of variables with OS by calculating hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. In addition, we also comprehensively compared the nomogram using to predict OS with the current 7th American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system. RESULTS From 2004 to 2015, a total of 42,662 patients at diagnosis years with GEP-NETs were determined from the SEER database. The results indicated that the increasing incidence of GEP-NETs per year and the highest incidence is in patients aged 50-54. After removing cases lacking adequate clinicopathologic characteristics, the remaining eligible patients (n=7,564) were randomly divided into training (3,782 patients) and testing sets (3,782 patients). In the univariate analysis, sex, age, race, tumor location, SEER historic stage, pathology type, TNM, stage, surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and CS tumor size were found to be significantly related to OS. Ultimately, the key factors for predicting OS were determined, involving sex, age, race, tumor location, SEER historic stage, M, N, grade, surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. For internal validation, the C-index of the nomogram used to estimate OS in the training set was 0.816 (0.804-0.828). For external validation, the concordance index (C-index) of the nomogram used to predict OS was 0.822 (0.812-0.832). In the training and testing sets, our nomogram produced minimum AIC values and C-index of OS compared with AJCC stage. Decision curve analysis (DCA) indicated that the nomogram was better than the AJCC staging system because more clinical net benefits were obtained within a wider threshold probability range. CONCLUSION A nomogram combined treatment data may be better discrimination in predicting overall survival than AJCC staging system. We highly recommend to use our nomogram to evaluate individual risks based on different clinical features of GEP-NETs, which can improve the diagnosis and treatment outcomes of GEP-NETs patients and improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghong Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Rong Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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The 2021 WHO Classification of Lung Tumors: Impact of advances since 2015. J Thorac Oncol 2021; 17:362-387. [PMID: 34808341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 412] [Impact Index Per Article: 137.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The 2021 World Health Organisation (WHO) Classification of Thoracic Tumours was published earlier this year, with classification of lung tumors being one of the chapters. The principles remain those of using morphology first, supported by immunohistochemistry and then molecular techniques. In 2015, there was particular emphasis on using immunohistochemistry to make classification more accurate. In 2021, there is greater emphasis throughout the book on advances in molecular pathology across all tumor types. Major features within this edition are 1) broader emphasis on genetic testing than in the 2015 WHO Classification, 2) a chapter entirely dedicated to the classification of small diagnostic samples, 3) continued recommendation to document percentages of histological patterns in invasive non-mucinous adenocarcinomas, with utilization of these features to apply a formal grading system, as well as using only invasive size for T-factor size determination in part lepidic non-mucinous lung adenocarcinomas as recommended by the 8th Edition TNM Classification, 4) recognition of spread through airspaces (STAS) as a histological feature with prognostic significance, 5) moving lymphoepithelial carcinoma to squamous cell carcinomas, 6) update on evolving concepts in lung neuroendocrine neoplasm classification, 7) recognition of bronchiolar adenoma/ciliated muconodular papillary tumor (BA/CMPT) as a new entity within the adenoma subgroup, 8) recognition of thoracic SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumor, and 9) inclusion of essential and desirable diagnostic criteria for each tumor.
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Bushnell DL, Bodeker KL, O'Dorisio TM, Madsen MT, Menda Y, Graves S, Zamba GKD, O'Dorisio MS. Addition of 131I-MIBG to PRRT ( 90Y-DOTATOC) for Personalized Treatment of Selected Patients with Neuroendocrine Tumors. J Nucl Med 2021; 62:1274-1277. [PMID: 33517327 PMCID: PMC8882893 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.254987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is an effective treatment for metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. Delivering a sufficient tumor radiation dose remains challenging because of critical-organ dose limitations. Adding 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I-MIBG) to PRRT may be advantageous in this regard. Methods: A phase 1 clinical trial was initiated for patients with nonoperable progressive neuroendocrine tumors using a combination of 90Y-DOTATOC plus 131I-MIBG. Treatment cohorts were defined by radiation dose limits to the kidneys and the bone marrow. Subject-specific dosimetry was used to determine the administered activity levels. Results: The first cohort treated subjects to a dose limit of 1,900 cGy to the kidneys and 150 cGy to the marrow. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed. Tumor dosimetry estimates demonstrated an expected dose increase of 34%–83% using combination therapy as opposed to 90Y-DOTATOC PRRT alone. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the feasibility of using organ dose for a phase 1 escalation design and suggest the safety of using 90Y-DOTATOC and 131I-MIBG.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Bushnell
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; .,Iowa City Virginia Healthcare System, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Kellie L Bodeker
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Thomas M O'Dorisio
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Mark T Madsen
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Yusuf Menda
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa.,Iowa City Virginia Healthcare System, Iowa City, Iowa.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Stephen Graves
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Gideon K D Zamba
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; and
| | - M Sue O'Dorisio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
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Dillon JS, Bushnell D, Laux DE. High-specific-activity 131iodine-metaiodobenzylguanidine for therapy of unresectable pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. Future Oncol 2021; 17:1131-1141. [PMID: 33506713 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPG) are rare cancers arising from the adrenal medulla (pheochromocytoma) or autonomic ganglia (paraganglioma). They have highly variable biological behavior. Most PPG express high-affinity norepinephrine transporters, allowing active uptake of the norepinephrine analog, 131iodine-metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I-MIBG). Low-specific-activity forms of 131I-MIBG have been used since 1983 for therapy of PPG. High-specific-activity 131I-MIBG therapy improves hypertension management, induces partial radiological response or stable disease, decreases biochemical markers of disease activity and is well tolerated by patients. This drug, approved in the USA in July 2018, is the first approved agent for patients with unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic PPG and imaging evidence of metaiodobenzylguanidine uptake, who require systemic anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph S Dillon
- Division of Endocrinology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - David Bushnell
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Douglas E Laux
- Division of Oncology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Watson C, Tallentire CW, Ramage JK, Srirajaskanthan R, Leeuwenkamp OR, Fountain D. Quality of life in patients with gastroenteropancreatic tumours: A systematic literature review. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:3686-3711. [PMID: 32742136 PMCID: PMC7366058 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i25.3686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (GEP-NETs) are slow-growing cancers that arise from diffuse endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract (GI-NETs) or the pancreas (P-NETs). They are relatively uncommon, accounting for 2% of all gastrointestinal malignancies. The usual treatment options in advanced GEP-NET patients with metastatic disease include chemotherapy, biological therapies, and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. Understanding the impact of treatment on GEP-NET patients is paramount given the nature of the disease. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is increasingly important as a concept reflecting the patients’ perspective in conjunction with the disease presentation, severity and treatment.
AIM To conduct a systematic literature review to identify literature reporting HRQoL data in patients with GEP-NETs between January 1985 and November 2019.
METHODS The PRISMA guiding principles were applied. MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane library were searched. Data extracted from the publications included type of study, patient population data (mid-gut/hind-gut/GI-NET/P-NET), sample size, intervention/comparators, HRQoL instruments, average and data spread of overall and sub-scores, and follow-up time for data collection.
RESULTS Forty-three publications met the inclusion criteria. The heterogeneous nature of the different study populations was evident; the percentage of female participants ranged between 30%-60%, whilst average age ranged from 53.8 to 67.0 years. Eight studies investigated GI-NET patients only, six studies focused exclusively on P-NET patients and the remaining studies involved both patient populations or did not report the location of the primary tumour. The most commonly used instrument was the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30 (n = 28) with consistent results across studies; the GI-NET-specific module Quality of Life Questionnaire-GINET21 was used in six of these studies. A number of randomised trials demonstrated no HRQoL changes between active treatment and placebo arms. The Phase III NETTER-1 study provides the best data available for advanced GEP-NET patients; it shows that peptide receptor radionuclide therapy can significantly improve GEP-NET patients’ HRQoL.
CONCLUSION HRQoL instruments offer a means to monitor patients’ general disease condition, disease progression and their physical and mental well-being. Instruments including the commonly used European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30 and GINET21 lack, however, validation and a defined minimal clinical important difference specifically for GI-NET and P-NET patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Watson
- PHMR Health Economics, Pricing and Reimbursement, London NW1 8XY, United Kingdom
| | | | - John K Ramage
- Kings Health Partners NET centre, Kings College Hospital London, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Donna Fountain
- PHMR Health Economics, Pricing and Reimbursement, London NW1 8XY, United Kingdom
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Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are relatively rare, with 12,000-15,000 new cases diagnosed annually in the USA. Although NETs are a diverse group of neoplasms, they share common molecular targets that can be exploited using nuclear medicine techniques for both imaging and therapy. NETs have traditionally been imaged with SPECT imaging using 111In-labeled octreotide analogs to detect neoplasms with somatostatin receptors. In addition, certain NETs (pheochromocytomas, paragangliomas, and neuroblastomas) are also effectively imaged using 123I- or 131I-labeled metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG), an analog of guanethidine. More recently, PET imaging with 68Ga-labeled somatostatin receptor (SSR) analogs allows neuroendocrine tumors to be imaged with much higher sensitivity. 68Ga-DOTATATE was approved as a PET tracer by the FDA in June 2016. In addition to imaging, both MIBG and DOTATATE can be labeled with therapeutic radionuclides to deliver targeted radiation selectively to macroscopic and microscopic tumor sites. The incorporation of the same molecular probe for imaging and therapy provides a radio-theranostic approach to identifying, targeting, and treating tumors. Over the years, several centers have experience treating NETs with high-dose 131I-MIBG. 177Lu-DOTATATE was approved by the FDA in 2018 for treatment of gastroenteropancreatic NETs and constitutes a major advancement in the treatment of these diseases. In this paper, we provide an overview of imaging and treating neuroendocrine tumors using MIBG and SSR probes. Although uncommon, neuroendocrine tumors have provided the largest experience for targeted radionuclide imaging and therapy (with the exception of radioiodine treatment for thyroid disease). In addition to benefitting patients with these rare tumors, the knowledge gained provides a blueprint for the development of future paired diagnostic/therapeutic probes for treating other diseases, such as prostate cancer.
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Divgi C. The Current State of Radiopharmaceutical Therapy. J Nucl Med 2018; 59:1706-1707. [PMID: 29959211 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.214122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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