1
|
Rama E, Mohapatra SR, Sugimura Y, Suzuki T, Siebert S, Barmin R, Hermann J, Baier J, Rix A, Lemainque T, Koletnik S, Elshafei AS, Pallares RM, Dadfar SM, Tolba RH, Schulz V, Jankowski J, Apel C, Akhyari P, Jockenhoevel S, Kiessling F. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of biohybrid tissue-engineered vascular grafts with transformative 1H/ 19F MRI traceable scaffolds. Biomaterials 2024; 311:122669. [PMID: 38906013 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Biohybrid tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) promise long-term durability due to their ability to adapt to hosts' needs. However, the latter calls for sensitive non-invasive imaging approaches to longitudinally monitor their functionality, integrity, and positioning. Here, we present an imaging approach comprising the labeling of non-degradable and degradable TEVGs' components for their in vitro and in vivo monitoring by hybrid 1H/19F MRI. TEVGs (inner diameter 1.5 mm) consisted of biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) fibers passively incorporating superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), non-degradable polyvinylidene fluoride scaffolds labeled with highly fluorinated thermoplastic polyurethane (19F-TPU) fibers, a smooth muscle cells containing fibrin blend, and endothelial cells. 1H/19F MRI of TEVGs in bioreactors, and after subcutaneous and infrarenal implantation in rats, revealed that PLGA degradation could be faithfully monitored by the decreasing SPIONs signal. The 19F signal of 19F-TPU remained constant over weeks. PLGA degradation was compensated by cells' collagen and α-smooth-muscle-actin deposition. Interestingly, only TEVGs implanted on the abdominal aorta contained elastin. XTT and histology proved that our imaging markers did not influence extracellular matrix deposition and host immune reaction. This concept of non-invasive longitudinal assessment of cardiovascular implants using 1H/19F MRI might be applicable to various biohybrid tissue-engineered implants, facilitating their clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rama
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Saurav Ranjan Mohapatra
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles, AME-Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yukiharu Sugimura
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty and RWTH University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tomoyuki Suzuki
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty and RWTH University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Siebert
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles, AME-Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Roman Barmin
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Juliane Hermann
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jasmin Baier
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Anne Rix
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Teresa Lemainque
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Susanne Koletnik
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Asmaa Said Elshafei
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Roger Molto Pallares
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Seyed Mohammadali Dadfar
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Ardena Oss, 5349 AB Oss, the Netherlands
| | - René H Tolba
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Experimental Surgery, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen International University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Volkmar Schulz
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Aachen-Maastricht Institute for CardioRenal Disease (AMICARE), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Apel
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles, AME-Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Payam Akhyari
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty and RWTH University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jockenhoevel
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles, AME-Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vichare R, Crelli C, Liu L, McCallin R, Cowan A, Stratimirovic S, Herneisey M, Pollock JA, Janjic JM. Folate-conjugated near-infrared fluorescent perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions as theranostics for activated macrophage COX-2 inhibition. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15229. [PMID: 37709807 PMCID: PMC10502124 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41959-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Activated macrophages play a critical role in the orchestration of inflammation and inflammatory pain in several chronic diseases. We present here the first perfluorocarbon nanoemulsion (PFC NE) that is designed to preferentially target activated macrophages and can deliver up to three payloads (two fluorescent dyes and a COX-2 inhibitor). Folate receptors are overexpressed on activated macrophages. Therefore, we introduced a folate-PEG-cholesterol conjugate into the formulation. The incorporation of folate conjugate did not require changes in processing parameters and did not change the droplet size or fluorescent properties of the PFC NE. The uptake of folate-conjugated PFC NE was higher in activated macrophages than in resting macrophages. Flow cytometry showed that the uptake of folate-conjugated PFC NE occurred by both phagocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis. Furthermore, folate-conjugated PFC NE inhibited the release of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) more effectively than nonmodified PFC NE, while drug loading and COX-2 inhibition were comparable. The PFC NEs reported here were successfully produced on multiple scales, from 25 to 200 mL, and by using two distinct processors (microfluidizers: M110S and LM20). Therefore, folate-conjugated PFC NEs are viable anti-inflammatory theranostic nanosystems for macrophage drug delivery and imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riddhi Vichare
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA
| | - Caitlin Crelli
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA
| | - Lu Liu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA
| | - Rebecca McCallin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA
| | - Abree Cowan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA
| | - Stefan Stratimirovic
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA
| | - Michele Herneisey
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA
| | - John A Pollock
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Engineering, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA
| | - Jelena M Janjic
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Winuprasith T, Koirala P, McClements DJ, Khomein P. Emulsion Technology in Nuclear Medicine: Targeted Radionuclide Therapies, Radiosensitizers, and Imaging Agents. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:4449-4470. [PMID: 37555189 PMCID: PMC10406121 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s416737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiopharmaceuticals serve as a major part of nuclear medicine contributing to both diagnosis and treatment of several diseases, especially cancers. Currently, most radiopharmaceuticals are based on small molecules with targeting ability. However, some concerns over their stability or non-specific interactions leading to off-target localization are among the major challenges that need to be overcome. Emulsion technology has great potential for the fabrication of carrier systems for radiopharmaceuticals. It can be used to create particles with different compositions, structures, sizes, and surface characteristics from a wide range of generally recognized as safe (GRAS) materials, which allows their functionality to be tuned for specific applications. In particular, it is possible to carry out surface modifications to introduce targeting and stealth properties, as well as to control the particle dimensions to manipulate diffusion and penetration properties. Moreover, emulsion preparation methods are usually simple, economic, robust, and scalable, which makes them suitable for medical applications. In this review, we highlight the potential of emulsion technology in nuclear medicine for developing targeted radionuclide therapies, for use as radiosensitizers, and for application in radiotracer delivery in gamma imaging techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pankaj Koirala
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - David J McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Piyachai Khomein
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Du J, Jones T. Technical opportunities and challenges in developing total-body PET scanners for mice and rats. EJNMMI Phys 2023; 10:2. [PMID: 36592266 PMCID: PMC9807733 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-022-00523-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) is the most sensitive in vivo molecular imaging technique available. Small animal PET has been widely used in studying pharmaceutical biodistribution and disease progression over time by imaging a wide range of biological processes. However, it remains true that almost all small animal PET studies using mouse or rat as preclinical models are either limited by the spatial resolution or the sensitivity (especially for dynamic studies), or both, reducing the quantitative accuracy and quantitative precision of the results. Total-body small animal PET scanners, which have axial lengths longer than the nose-to-anus length of the mouse/rat and can provide high sensitivity across the entire body of mouse/rat, can realize new opportunities for small animal PET. This article aims to discuss the technical opportunities and challenges in developing total-body small animal PET scanners for mice and rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Du
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Terry Jones
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu R, Xu Y, Zhang N, Qu S, Zeng W, Li R, Dai Z. Nanotechnology for Enhancing Medical Imaging. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8984-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
|
6
|
Chen D, Lin Y, Li A, Luo X, Yang C, Gao J, Lin H. Bio-orthogonal Metabolic Fluorine Labeling Enables Deep-Tissue Visualization of Tumor Cells In Vivo by 19F Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Anal Chem 2022; 94:16614-16621. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongxia Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yaying Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Ao Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiangjie Luo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Chaoyong Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jinhao Gao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hongyu Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Deng H, Li Xu, Ju J, Mo X, Ge G, Zhu X. Multifunctional nanoprobes for macrophage imaging. Biomaterials 2022; 290:121824. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
8
|
Nanotechnology for Enhancing Medical Imaging. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9374-7_8-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
|
9
|
Sato N, Choyke PL. Whole-Body Imaging to Assess Cell-Based Immunotherapy: Preclinical Studies with an Update on Clinical Translation. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 24:235-248. [PMID: 34816284 PMCID: PMC8983636 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-021-01669-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, immunotherapies against cancers made impressive progress. Immunotherapy includes a broad range of interventions that can be separated into two major groups: cell-based immunotherapies, such as adoptive T cell therapies and stem cell therapies, and immunomodulatory molecular therapies such as checkpoint inhibitors and cytokine therapies. Genetic engineering techniques that transduce T cells with a cancer-antigen-specific T cell receptor or chimeric antigen receptor have expanded to other cell types, and further modulation of the cells to enhance cancer targeting properties has been explored. Because cell-based immunotherapies rely on cells migrating to target organs or tissues, there is a growing interest in imaging technologies that non-invasively monitor transferred cells in vivo. Here, we review whole-body imaging methods to assess cell-based immunotherapy using a variety of examples. Following a review of preclinically used cell tracking technologies, we consider the status of their clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Sato
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10/Rm. B3B406, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10/Rm. B3B69F, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most powerful imaging tools today, capable of displaying superior soft-tissue contrast. This review discusses developments in the field of 19 F MRI multimodal probes in combination with optical fluorescence imaging (OFI), 1 H MRI, chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI, ultrasonography (USG), X-ray computed tomography (CT), single photon emission tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), and photoacoustic imaging (PAI). In each case, multimodal 19 F MRI probes compensate for the deficiency of individual techniques and offer improved sensitivity or accuracy of detection over unimodal counterparts. Strategies for designing 19 F MRI multimodal probes are described with respect to their structure, physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and the quality of images.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Janasik
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego, 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Tomasz Krawczyk
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego, 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Díez-Villares S, Pellico J, Gómez-Lado N, Grijalvo S, Alijas S, Eritja R, Herranz F, Aguiar P, de la Fuente M. Biodistribution of 68/67Ga-Radiolabeled Sphingolipid Nanoemulsions by PET and SPECT Imaging. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:5923-5935. [PMID: 34475757 PMCID: PMC8405882 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s316767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Non-invasive imaging methodologies, especially nuclear imaging techniques, have undergone an extraordinary development over the last years. Interest in the development of innovative tracers has prompted the emergence of new nanomaterials with a focus on nuclear imaging and therapeutical applications. Among others, organic nanoparticles are of the highest interest due to their translational potential related to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. Our group has developed a promising new type of biocompatible nanomaterials, sphingomyelin nanoemulsions (SNs). The aim of this study is to explore the potential of SNs for nuclear imaging applications. Methods Ready-to-label SNs were prepared by a one-step method using lipid derivative chelators and characterized in terms of their physicochemical properties. Stability was assessed under storage and after incubation with human serum. Chelator-functionalized SNs were radiolabeled with 67Ga and 68Ga, and the radiochemical yield (RCY), radiochemical purity (RCP) and radiochemical stability (RCS) were determined. Finally, the biodistribution of 67/68Ga-SNs was evaluated in vivo and ex vivo. Results Here, we describe a simple and mild one-step method for fast and efficient radiolabeling of SNs with 68Ga and 67Ga radioisotopes. In vivo experiments showed that 67/68Ga-SNs can efficiently and indistinctly be followed up by PET and SPECT. Additionally, we proved that the biodistribution of the 67/68Ga-SNs can be conveniently modulated by modifying the surface properties of different hydrophilic polymers, and therefore the formulation can be further adapted to the specific requirements of different biomedical applications. Conclusion This work supports 67/68Ga-SNs as a novel probe for nuclear imaging with tunable biodistribution and with great potential for the future development of nanotheranostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Díez-Villares
- Nano-Oncology and Translational Therapeutics group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center on Oncology (CIBERONC), Madrid, 28029, Spain.,University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Juan Pellico
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK.,Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Noemí Gómez-Lado
- Nuclear Medicine Department and Molecular Imaging Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Santiago Grijalvo
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, E-08034, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Sandra Alijas
- Nano-Oncology and Translational Therapeutics group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Ramon Eritja
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, E-08034, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Fernando Herranz
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, 28029, Spain.,NanoMedMol Group, Instituto de Química Medica (IQM),Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, 28006, Spain
| | - Pablo Aguiar
- Nuclear Medicine Department and Molecular Imaging Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - María de la Fuente
- Nano-Oncology and Translational Therapeutics group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center on Oncology (CIBERONC), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang C, Adams SR, Ahrens ET. Emergent Fluorous Molecules and Their Uses in Molecular Imaging. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:3060-3070. [PMID: 34259521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This Account summarizes recent advances in the chemistry of fluorocarbon nanoemulsion (FC NE) functionalization. We describe new families of fluorous molecules, such as chelators, fluorophores, and peptides, that are soluble in FC oils. These materials have helped transform the field of in vivo molecular imaging by enabling sensitive and cell-specific imaging using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and fluorescence detection. FC emulsions, historically considered for artificial blood substitutes, are routinely used for ultrasound imaging in clinic and have a proven safety profile and a well-characterized biodistribution and pharmacokinetics. The inertness of fluorocarbons contributes to their low toxicity but makes functionalization difficult. The high electronegativity of fluorine imparts very low cohesive energy density and Lewis basicity to heavily fluorinated compounds, making dissolution of metal ions and organic molecules challenging. Functionalization is further complicated by colloidal instability toward heat and pH, as well as limited availability of biocompatible surfactants.We have devised new fluorous chelators that overcome solubility barriers and are able to bind a range of metal ions with high thermodynamic stability and biocompatibility. NE harboring chelators in the fluorous phase are a powerful platform for the development of multimodal imaging agents. These compositions rapidly capture metal ions added to the aqueous phase, thereby functionalizing NEs in useful ways. For example, Fe3+ encapsulation imparts a strong paramagnetic relaxation effect on 19F T1 that dramatically accelerates 19F MRI data acquisition times and hence sensitivity in cell tracking applications. Alternatively, 89Zr encapsulation creates a sensitive and versatile PET probe for inflammatory macrophage detection. Adding lanthanides, such as Eu3+, renders NE luminescent. Beyond chelators, this Account further covers our progress in formulating NEs with fluorophores, such as cyanine or BODIPY dyes, with their utility demonstrated in fluorescence imaging, biosensing, flow cytometry and histology. Fluorous dyes soluble in FC oils are also key enablers for nascent whole-body imaging technologies such as cryo-fluorescence tomography (CFT). Additionally, fluorous cell-penetrating peptides inserted on the NE surface increase the uptake of NE by ∼8-fold in weakly phagocytic stem cells and lymphocytes used in immunotherapy, resulting in significant leaps in detection sensitivity in vivo.
Collapse
|
13
|
Pellico J, Gawne PJ, T M de Rosales R. Radiolabelling of nanomaterials for medical imaging and therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:3355-3423. [PMID: 33491714 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00384k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials offer unique physical, chemical and biological properties of interest for medical imaging and therapy. Over the last two decades, there has been an increasing effort to translate nanomaterial-based medicinal products (so-called nanomedicines) into clinical practice and, although multiple nanoparticle-based formulations are clinically available, there is still a disparity between the number of pre-clinical products and those that reach clinical approval. To facilitate the efficient clinical translation of nanomedicinal-drugs, it is important to study their whole-body biodistribution and pharmacokinetics from the early stages of their development. Integrating this knowledge with that of their therapeutic profile and/or toxicity should provide a powerful combination to efficiently inform nanomedicine trials and allow early selection of the most promising candidates. In this context, radiolabelling nanomaterials allows whole-body and non-invasive in vivo tracking by the sensitive clinical imaging techniques positron emission tomography (PET), and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Furthermore, certain radionuclides with specific nuclear emissions can elicit therapeutic effects by themselves, leading to radionuclide-based therapy. To ensure robust information during the development of nanomaterials for PET/SPECT imaging and/or radionuclide therapy, selection of the most appropriate radiolabelling method and knowledge of its limitations are critical. Different radiolabelling strategies are available depending on the type of material, the radionuclide and/or the final application. In this review we describe the different radiolabelling strategies currently available, with a critical vision over their advantages and disadvantages. The final aim is to review the most relevant and up-to-date knowledge available in this field, and support the efficient clinical translation of future nanomedicinal products for in vivo imaging and/or therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pellico
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|