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Ma X, Hu J, Ding C, Portieles R, Xu H, Gao J, Du L, Gao X, Yue Q, Zhao L, Borrás-Hidalgo O. New native Bacillus thuringiensis strains induce high insecticidal action against Culex pipiens pallens larvae and adults. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:100. [PMID: 37055727 PMCID: PMC10099900 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02842-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes of many species are key disease vectors, killing millions of people each year. Bacillus thuringiensis-based insecticide formulations are largely recognized as among the most effective, ecologically safe, and long-lasting methods of managing insect pests. New B. thuringiensis strains with high mosquito control effectiveness were isolated, identified, genetically defined, and physiologically characterized. Eight B. thuringiensis strains were identified and shown to carry endotoxin-producing genes. Using a scanning electron microscope, results revealed typical crystal forms of various shapes in B. thuringiensis strains. Fourteen cry and cyt genes were found in the strains examined. Although the genome of the B. thuringiensis A4 strain had twelve cry and cyt genes, not all of them were expressed, and only a few protein profiles were observed. The larvicidal activity of the eight B. thuringiensis strains was found to be positive (LC50: 1.4-28.5 g/ml and LC95: 15.3-130.3 g/ml). Bioassays in a laboratory environment demonstrated that preparations containing B. thuringiensis spores and crystals were particularly active to mosquito larvae and adults. These new findings show that the novel preparation containing B. thuringiensis A4 spores and crystals mixture might be used to control larval and adult mosquitoes in a sustainable and ecologically friendly manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Ma
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjian Hu
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengsong Ding
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Roxana Portieles
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Xu
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyao Gao
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Du
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyou Gao
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiulin Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academic of Science), Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academic of Science), Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Orlando Borrás-Hidalgo
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academic of Science), Jinan, People's Republic of China.
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Davis J, Bibbs CS, Müller GC, Xue RD. Evaluation of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis as toxic sugar bait against adult Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2021; 46:30-33. [PMID: 35229579 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Attractive toxic sugar baits (ATSB) are a novel and effective mosquito control tool based on sugar-feeding behaviors and oral ingestion. In general, there is a demand from consumers for more novel control products with more effective active ingredients. Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (BTi) is a major larvicide for control of mosquito larvae. This study evaluated BTi as an active ingredient of toxic sugar baits (TSB) against adult Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus, compared with a positive control of 1% boric acid toxic sugar bait. Ingestion of BTi TSB by female mosquitoes resulted in an average mortality at 48 h of 97% for Ae. aegypti, 98% for Ae. albopictus, and 100% for Cx. quinquefasciatus. The study findings suggest ingestible BTi TSBs could be a viable alternative to current mosquito control strategies and programs against adults of these three species of mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Davis
- Anastasia Mosquito Control District, St. Augustine, FL, U.S.A
| | | | - Gunter C Müller
- Malaria Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technology of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Rui-De Xue
- Anastasia Mosquito Control District, St. Augustine, FL, U.S.A.
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N'do S, Bayili K, Bayili B, Namountougou M, Sanou R, Ouattara A, Dabiré RK, Malone D, Ouédraogo AG, Borovsky J, Borovsky D, Diabaté A. Effect of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis Sugar Patches on Insecticide Resistant Anopheles gambiae s.l. Adults. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 56:1312-1317. [PMID: 31329914 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) contributed to a significant decrease in malarial mortality. Unfortunately, large insecticide resistance in malaria vectors occurred and is a threat to the future use of these control approaches. The purpose of this study was to explore a new approach for vector control. Patches containing Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) solubilized Cry toxins mixed with sugar were developed and tested in the laboratory with pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae s.l. using tunnel tests. METHODS Mosquitoes were released at 6:00 p.m. into a large tunnel separated by a bed net, perforated with nine holes, from a smaller chamber with a guinea pig. Nine Bti sugar patches (BSPs) were attached to the bed net between the nine holes. Fourteen hours later (8:00 a.m.), mosquitoes were collected from the tunnel and the guinea pig chamber. Live females were kept in cups and were fed a sugar solution (5%) for 72 h and delayed mortality was followed. The results were reported as passing, blood fed and mortality rates. RESULTS Mosquito populations that are resistant to the insecticides in the bed net, exhibited high mortality (60%) in the presence of the BSPs. Untreated bed nets with patches in the tunnel test killed 66-95% of the mosquitoes that landed and untreated bed nets were superior to treated bed nets. CONCLUSION BSPs efficiently kill resistant mosquitoes that land on treated and untreated bed nets and thus could ultimately reduce the number of vector-borne malarial mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sévérin N'do
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Vector Control, Médecins Sans Frontières OCBA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Koama Bayili
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Université Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Bazoma Bayili
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Moussa Namountougou
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Université Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Roger Sanou
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Abdoulaye Ouattara
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Roch K Dabiré
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - David Malone
- Innovative Vector Control Consortium, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Vector Control, Sumitomo Chemical, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Dov Borovsky
- Vector Busters International LLC, New Albany, OH
- Anschutz Medical School, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Abdoulaye Diabaté
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Uragayala S, Kamaraju R, Tiwari S, Ghosh SK, Valecha N. Field testing & evaluation of the efficacy & duration of effectiveness of a biolarvicide, Bactivec ® SC ( Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis SH-14) in Bengaluru, India. Indian J Med Res 2018; 147:299-307. [PMID: 29923520 PMCID: PMC6022384 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1631_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Different formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) have been tested against different mosquito vectors and other insects for their residual activity. In the present study, the efficacy and residual activity of a new formulation of Bti (Bactivec Suspension Concentrate) were evaluated against immature stages of Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae), Aedes aegypti Linnaeus (Diptera: Culicidae) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae), in natural habitats in Phase II and Phase III in Bengaluru, India. Methods: Preferential breeding habitats of the mosquito species were selected and four dosages (0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 ml/50 l) were tested in Phase II trial. Two most effective dosages, 0.5 and 1 ml/50 l were selected for Phase III trial. The evaluation was carried out essentially following the guidelines of the World Health Organization Pesticide Evaluation Scheme. Pre-treatment and post-treatment densities were recorded at regular intervals, and >80 per cent reduction in pupae was taken as the duration of effectiveness. Results: Bactivec SC treated at the dosage of 1 ml/50 l could produce 10-17 days efficacy (>80% reduction in pupae) in clean water habitats tested, whereas 0.5 ml/50 l dosage showed residual activity from 7 to 14 days against Ae. aegypti and An. stephensi in Phase III studies. In polluted water habitats, 4-7 days efficacy could be recorded against Cx. quinquefasciatus in Phase III. Interpretation & conclusions: The Bactivec SC formulation was operationally feasible and easy to handle. For the control of Anopheles and Aedes mosquitoes in freshwater habitats, 1 ml/50 l dosage was found effective, whereas in polluted water habitats against Cx. quinquefasciatus 5 ml/m2 was found effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreehari Uragayala
- ICMR- National Institute of Malaria Research Field Unit, Bengaluru, India
| | | | | | | | - Neena Valecha
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India
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