Influence of Dietary Vitamin A and Iron Deficiency on Hematologic Parameters and Body Weight of Young Male Wistar Rats

Morphopathological Effect of Ferrihydrite Nanoparticles in an Experimental Model of Toxic Hemolytic Anemia

We studied the effect of biogenic ferrihydrite nanoparticles synthesized as a result of the culturing of Klebsiella oxytoca on Wistar rats with experimental toxic hemolytic anemia. The pathology was simulated by single intraperitoneal injection of phenylhydrazine hydrochloride. On day 4, the functional parameters of erythrocytes in rats corresponded to the state of toxic hemolytic anemia. It is shown that ferrihydrite nanoparticles suspension has chronic toxicity and causes morphological changes in organs (mainly in the spleen), which are characterized by accumulation of nanoparticles. Administration of phenylhydrazine induced systemic vascular damage and the formation of extramedullary hematopoietic foci, which indicated a compensatory activation in hematopoiesis in the liver and spleen. Injection of nanoparticles reduced discirculatory and necrotic changes in the kidneys.

Ferric ion detection mechanism of a dicarboxylic cellulose nanocrystal and a 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin based fluorescent chemosensor

As one of Earth's most widely distributed and abundant elements, iron impacts the natural environment and biological systems. Therefore, developing a simple, rapid, and accurate Fe³⁺ detection method is vital. Fluorescent dicarboxylic cellulose nanocrystals (FDCN) with selective quenching of Fe³⁺ were synthesized using 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC), and dicarboxylic cellulose nanocrystals (DCN) prepared by sequential periodate–chlorite oxidation. The sensing characteristics and detection mechanism of FDCN for Fe³⁺ were studied by fluorescence spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the Stern–Volmer equation, Job's plot method, and the Benesi–Hildebrand equation. The results showed that FDCN was highly selective for Fe³⁺, and other metal ions did not reduce the selectivity. High sensitivity with a detection limit of 0.26 μM and a Stern–Volmer quenching constant of 0.1229 were also achieved. The coordination between Fe³⁺ and the carboxylic, hydroxyl, and amide groups on the surface of FDCN and the carbonyl of coumarin lactones to form FDCN/Fe³⁺ complexes prevented the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) process and led to the fluorescence quenching of FDCN. EDTA restored the fluorescence emission of quenched FDCN. The complexation stoichiometry of Fe³⁺ to FDCN was 1 : 1, and the association constant was 3.23 × 10⁴ M⁻¹. The high hydrophilicity, sensitivity, and selectivity of FDCN for Fe³⁺ make the chemosensor suitable for Fe³⁺ trace detection in drinking water and biology.

As one of Earth's most widely distributed and abundant elements, iron impacts the natural environment and biological systems.

Vitamin A deficiency regulates the expression of ferritin in young male Wistar rats

ABSTRACT Objective Iron deficiency and vitamin A deficiency are two of the main micronutrient deficiencies. Both micronutrients are essential for human life and children's development. This study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin A deficiency on ferritin and transferrin receptors' expression and its relationship with iron deficiency. Methods Five diets with different vitamin A-to-iron ratios were given to thirty five 21-day-old male Wistar rats (separated in groups of seven animals each). The animals received the diet for six weeks before being euthanized. Serum iron and retinol levels were measured as biochemical parameters. Their duodenums, spleens, and livers were analyzed for the expression of ferritin and transferrin receptors by Western Blotting. Results Regarding biochemical parameters, the results show that when both vitamin A and iron are insufficient, the serum iron content (74.74µg/dL) is significantly lower than the control group (255.86µg/dL). The results also show that vitamin A deficiency does not influence the expression of the transferrin receptor, but only of the ferritin one. Conclusion Vitamin A deficiency regulates the expression of ferritin in young male Wistar rats.

Multi-mode fluorescence sensing detection based on one core-shell structure quantum dots via different types of mechanisms

Multi-target sensing completed with single chemosensor is cost-effective and pretty attractive for the analysis of multiple analytes in single sample. CdTe/CdS QDs show high fluorescence quantum yield as a probe for the sensing purpose, but only single target is often detected. Here we proposed that three kinds of different response mechanisms were realized using CdTe/CdS QDs with the simultaneous sensing of Fe³⁺, Cr₂O₇^2-, and IO₃^- as model. The specific binding affinity was used to detect Fe³⁺ with the photo-induced electron transfer (PET) mechanism. CdTe/CdS QDs showed intensive fluorescent response to Cr₂O₇^2- owing to the inner filter effect (IFE). IO₃^- is an oxidant and reacts to surface functional groups of CdTe/CdS QDs with oxidation quenching (OQ) mechanism for the selective detection of IO₃^-. The three targets recorded with the three mechanisms were obviously clustered even they were tested at different concentrations. Thus, the targets could be differentiated with each other through their different responses of PET, IFE, and OQ. The linear ranges for the selective detection of Fe³⁺, Cr₂O₇^2-, and IO₃^- were 5.0-100.0, 20.0-140.0 and 1.0-80.0 μM, with the limits of detection as low as 4.1, 9.7, and 0.9 μM, respectively. The proposed methods were satisfactorily applied to accurately detect Fe³⁺, Cr₂O₇^2-, and IO₃^- in real samples and it was further detected iodate and the total amount of iodine in table salt samples. The proposed multi-target detection strategy with the single fluorescence single from single QDs will stimulate the application of the other matrix with abundant response with enhance sensing efficiency.