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Luu HT, Hsieh CL, Chuang CR, Chen CW, Tran NT, Vu NL, Chung KF. Langbiangia, a new genus of Gesneriaceae endemic to Langbiang Plateau, southern Vietnam and a taxonomic endeavor to achieve key targets of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284650. [PMID: 37195912 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Situated in the southern end of the Annamite Mountain Range, Langbiang Plateau is a major biodiversity hotspot of southern Vietnam known for high species diversity and endemicity. To achieve effective conservation, parts of the plateau were designated as the Langbiang Biosphere Reserve, an UNESCO World Network aiming to improve relationships between inhabitants and their environments. Amongst the rich endemic flora of the plateau are three gesneriads ascribed to Primulina, a calciphilous genus with high species diversity in the vast limestone karsts stretching from southern China to northern Vietnam. However, a recent phylogenetic study questioned the generic placement of the Langbiang Primulina, corroborating with observations on the geographical distribution, habitat preference, and phyllotaxy of the three species. Based on phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ITS and plastid trnL-F DNA sequences of a comprehensive sampling covering nearly all genera of the Old World Gesneriaceae, we demonstrate that the three Langbiang Primulina species form a fully supported clade distantly related to other Primulina. As this clade is biogeographically, ecologically, morphologically, and phylogenetically distinct worthy of generic recognition, we propose to name it Langbiangia gen. nov. to highlight the rich and unique biodiversity of the Langbiang Plateau. By means of this taxonomic endeavor, we are hoping to raise the conservation awareness of this biodiversity heritage of southern Vietnam and promote the importance of Langbiang Biosphere Reserve that is crucial for achieving action-oriented global targets of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework (GBF) of the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)-effective conservation and management of at least 30% of biodiverse terrestrial, inland water, and costal and marine areas by 2030-that has been agreed at the COP15 in Montréal in December 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Truong Luu
- Southern Institute of Ecology, Institute of Applied Materials Science & Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Chia-Lun Hsieh
- Research Museum and Herbarium (HAST), Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Rong Chuang
- Research Museum and Herbarium (HAST), Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wei Chen
- Research Museum and Herbarium (HAST), Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biodiversity Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ngoc Toan Tran
- Southern Institute of Ecology, Institute of Applied Materials Science & Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Long Vu
- Southern Institute of Ecology, Institute of Applied Materials Science & Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Kuo-Fang Chung
- Research Museum and Herbarium (HAST), Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Furey NM, Tu VT, Hitch AT, Pimsai A, Kimashalen C, Vuthy B, Raksmey Y, Sarak C, Borthwick SA, Ch'ng L, Sinly S, Csorba G, Saveng I, Smith GJD, Dany C, Mendenhall IH. First Records of Seemingly Rare Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in Cambodia, with a Revised Checklist of Species for the Country. ACTA CHIROPTEROLOGICA 2022. [DOI: 10.3161/15081109acc2021.23.2.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neil M. Furey
- Fauna & Flora International (Cambodia), PO Box 1380, No. 19, Street 360, Boeng Keng Kong 1, Phnom Penh, 12000, Cambodia
| | - Vuong T. Tu
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, No. 18, Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Alan T. Hitch
- Museum of Wildlife and Fish Biology, Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Awatsaya Pimsai
- Harrison Institute, Bowerwood House, 15 St Botolph's Road, Sevenoaks, Kent, TN13 3AQ, United Kingdom
| | - Chor Kimashalen
- Forestry Administration, No. 40, Preah Norodom Boulevard (41), Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Buor Vuthy
- Forestry Administration, No. 40, Preah Norodom Boulevard (41), Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Yim Raksmey
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation, Room 415, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Confederation of Russia Boulevard, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Chheang Sarak
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation, Room 415, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Confederation of Russia Boulevard, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sophie A. Borthwick
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore
| | - Lena Ch'ng
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore
| | - Say Sinly
- Forestry Administration, No. 40, Preah Norodom Boulevard (41), Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Gábor Csorba
- Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Baross u. 13, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ith Saveng
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation, Room 415, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Confederation of Russia Boulevard, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Gavin J. D. Smith
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore
| | - Chheang Dany
- Forestry Administration, No. 40, Preah Norodom Boulevard (41), Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Ian H. Mendenhall
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore
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Cappelle J, Furey N, Hoem T, Ou TP, Lim T, Hul V, Heng O, Chevalier V, Dussart P, Duong V. Longitudinal monitoring in Cambodia suggests higher circulation of alpha and betacoronaviruses in juvenile and immature bats of three species. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24145. [PMID: 34921180 PMCID: PMC8683416 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03169-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that coronaviruses circulate widely in Southeast Asian bat species and that the progenitors of the SARS-Cov-2 virus could have originated in rhinolophid bats in the region. Our objective was to assess the diversity and circulation patterns of coronavirus in several bat species in Southeast Asia. We undertook monthly live-capture sessions and sampling in Cambodia over 17 months to cover all phases of the annual reproduction cycle of bats and test specifically the association between their age and CoV infection status. We additionally examined current information on the reproductive phenology of Rhinolophus and other bat species presently known to occur in mainland southeast China, Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. Results from our longitudinal monitoring (573 bats belonging to 8 species) showed an overall proportion of positive PCR tests for CoV of 4.2% (24/573) in cave-dwelling bats from Kampot and 4.75% (22/463) in flying-foxes from Kandal. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the PCR amplicon sequences of CoVs (n = 46) obtained clustered in Alphacoronavirus and Betacoronavirus. Interestingly, Hipposideros larvatus sensu lato harbored viruses from both genera. Our results suggest an association between positive detections of coronaviruses and juvenile and immature bats in Cambodia (OR = 3.24 [1.46-7.76], p = 0.005). Since the limited data presently available from literature review indicates that reproduction is largely synchronized among rhinolophid and hipposiderid bats in our study region, particularly in its more seasonal portions (above 16° N), this may lead to seasonal patterns in CoV circulation. Overall, our study suggests that surveillance of CoV in insectivorous bat species in Southeast Asia, including SARS-CoV-related coronaviruses in rhinolophid bats, could be targeted from June to October for species exhibiting high proportions of juveniles and immatures during these months. It also highlights the need to develop long-term longitudinal surveys of bats and improve our understanding of their ecology in the region, for both biodiversity conservation and public health reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Cappelle
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE (Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques, Ecosystèmes), TA A 117/E, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398, Montpellier CEDEX 5, France.
- ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Neil Furey
- Harrison Institute, Sevenoaks, Kent, England
- Fauna and Flora International, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Thavry Hoem
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Tey Putita Ou
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Thona Lim
- Free the Bears, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Vibol Hul
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207), Marseille, France
| | - Oudam Heng
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Véronique Chevalier
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE (Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques, Ecosystèmes), TA A 117/E, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398, Montpellier CEDEX 5, France
- ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Philippe Dussart
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Institut Pasteur International Network, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Veasna Duong
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
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Rai V, Thapa S, Chalise P, Shah KB. Record of bats and their echolocation calls from southern Dolakha, central Nepal. MAMMALIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2020-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
With 52 species, bats make up almost a quarter of all the mammal species in Nepal, and yet remains the least understudied group of mammals. Owing to its diverse geography and climate, more species of bats potentially occur in the country, and acoustic surveys could improve the knowledge of their ecology. So, a study was conducted in Sailung and Melung Rural Municipalities of Dolakha district of Nepal, with the objectives of assessing bat species richness and preparing digital records of their echolocation calls. Using mist-netting and roost survey during three periods in 2018 (late March, late May to early June and mid-November), 10 species of bats were recorded: Cynopterus sphinx, Lyroderma lyra, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Rhinolophus luctus, Rhinolophus pearsonii, Rhinolophus sinicus, Hipposideros armiger, Myotis formosus, Myotis sp. and Nyctalus noctula. Ten roosts (mostly caves) were located. Echolocation calls of six of these species were documented, including signals of three species described for the first time in Nepal. This study also reports the fifth record of Myotis formosus in Nepal and new locality record of the species after two decades. The echolocation calls documented hereafter may serve as a reference for species identification for non-invasive studies of bats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Rai
- Central Department of Environmental Science , Tribhuvan University , Kirtipur 44618 , Kathmandu , Nepal
- Small Mammals Conservation and Research Foundation , Kumaripati , Lalitpur 44600 , Nepal
| | - Sanjan Thapa
- Small Mammals Conservation and Research Foundation , Kumaripati , Lalitpur 44600 , Nepal
- Key Laboratory of Conservation and Application in Biodiversity of South China, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Prahesh Chalise
- Central Department of Environmental Science , Tribhuvan University , Kirtipur 44618 , Kathmandu , Nepal
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