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Fang J, Qiu C, Sun Z, Zhou J, He P, Conti A, Lu Y, Huang X, Xu J, Tang W. A national survey of pandemic fear and cyberchondria after ending zero-COVID policy: The chain mediating role of alexithymia and psychological distress. Compr Psychiatry 2024; 133:152505. [PMID: 38852302 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than half the domestic population in China were infected with COVID-19 in two months after ending "zero-infection policy", which severely overwhelmed frontline healthcare providers with stress and fear. However, there is no study to date investigating the associations between nurses' fear of pandemic and cyberchondria. This study aimed to 1) investigate the correlations between fear pandemic and cyberchondria among frontline nurses, and 2) discover its potential mechanism. METHODS A cross-sectional sample of frontline nurses (N = 8161) was recruited from 98 hospitals across China in February 2023. Participants were invited to complete an online, self-rated standardized questionnaire focused on pandemic fear, alexithymia, psychological distress, and cyberchondria. Environmental, clinical and socioeconomic information were collected for adjustment while conducting chain mediation analysis. RESULTS When other covariates were controlled, it was found that fear of the pandemic significantly contributed to cyberchondria (b = 0.58, 95%CI [0.56, 0.60], p < .001). The chain mediation model suggested that both alexithymia and psychological distress were mediating factors between pandemic fear and cyberchondria. CONCLUSIONS The higher the perceived fear, the greater the cyberchondria, which suggests that reducing fear about the pandemic and providing adequate support could reduce the incidence of cyberchondria. As alexithymia and psychological distress may be transdiagnostic mechanisms between fear and cyberchondria, targeted interventions focused on expression dysregulation and emotional identification could be useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Fang
- Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changjian Qiu
- Mental health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeyuan Sun
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Leshan People's Hospital, Leshan, China
| | - Ping He
- Department of Nursing, Jianyang People's Hospital, Jiangyang, China
| | - Aldo Conti
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Yi Lu
- School of Disaster Reconstruction and Disaster Management, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; School of Business Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Huang
- Mental health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiuping Xu
- School of Business Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Wanjie Tang
- West China of Public Health School, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Ogawa M, Saito A, Karukivi M, Lahti S. Associations of sensory sensitivity, pain catastrophizing, and alexithymia with dental anxiety. Eur J Oral Sci 2024; 132:e12973. [PMID: 38311805 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to reveal interrelationships between alexithymia, catastrophic thinking, sensory processing patterns, and dental anxiety among 460 participants who were registrants of a Japanese research company. Measures used were the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale, the Adult Sensory Profile, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. The interrelationships among the constructs were analyzed using structural equation modeling, adjusting for age, gender, and negative dental treatment experience. Data from 428 participants were used in the analyses. Sensory sensitivity and pain catastrophizing were independently associated with anticipatory and treatment-related dental anxiety, while difficulty identifying feelings was not. In the mediation model, sensory sensitivity and pain catastrophizing served as full mediators between difficulty identifying feelings and the dimensions of dental anxiety (indirect effects were between 0.13 and 0.15). The strength of the associations was 0.55 from difficulty identifying feelings to both pain catastrophizing and sensory sensitivity, and between 0.24 and 0.26 to anticipatory and treatment-related dental anxiety. The association between trait-like phenomena, such as alexithymia, and dental anxiety may be mediated by neurophysiological and cognitive factors such as sensory sensitivity and pain catastrophizing. These findings could be crucial for new and innovative interventions for managing dental anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Ogawa
- Section of Anesthesiology, Department of Diagnostics and General Care, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Akihiro Saito
- Department of Business Administration, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Max Karukivi
- Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Satu Lahti
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Suresh S, Singh Baghel R, Gautam A, Kumar A, Sundar D, Kriti S. A Cross-Sectional Study to Analyze the Correlation Between Alexithymia and Dental Neglect in Persons Pursuing Dental Care. Cureus 2023; 15:e43341. [PMID: 37700995 PMCID: PMC10493171 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alexithymia is a personality trait involving difficulties in emotional regulation (difficulties in identifying feelings, difficulties in describing feelings, and externally oriented thinking). It has a negative impact on health as it evokes poor personal hygiene, poor nutrition, and unhealthy behaviors in affected subjects. Identifying alexithymia in the dental setup is vital as it can compromise the patient-dentist relationship, especially in subjects neglecting oral hygiene. Aims The present study aimed to establish an association between alexithymia and dental neglect among adult subjects seeking dental care by using Dental Neglect Scale (DNS), and alexithymia was assessed on the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). Methods The present cross-sectional survey study included adult subjects of age 20 years or more. For all included participants, a structured questionnaire was given to assess dental neglect on demographic profile, six items of the DNS, and alexithymia was assessed on the 20-item TAS-20. The collected data were analyzed using a Chi-square test keeping significance at the p-value of <0.05. Results In 534 adult subjects, females had high scores for both TAS-20 and DNS along with their related factors. With higher education and increasing age, a significant increase in the mean TAS-20 scores and mean DNS scores was seen in the study participants (high mean DNS scores in females (19.55±3.98) compared to male subjects 19.36±4.34). TAS-20 scores were higher in females (59.31±10.78), factor 1 (DIF) (19.54±5.54), factor 2 (DDF) (15.46±4.05), and factor 3 (EOT) (24.34±4.64). Conclusion The present study, considering its limitations, concludes that there is no association between dental neglect and alexithymia in adult subjects seeking dental care. However, higher DNS and TAS-20 scores are seen in females showing them have difficult descriptions and identification of feelings in dental set-up increasing dental neglect among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Suresh
- Department of Periodontology, Buddha Dental College and Hospital, Patna, IND
| | | | - Abhishek Gautam
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Nalanda, IND
| | - Anant Kumar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Ambika Dental Care, Patna, IND
| | - Deep Sundar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sanjeevani Dental Hospital, Patna, IND
| | - Suman Kriti
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Buddha Institute of Dental Science and Hospital, Patna, IND
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Arkkila J, Suominen A, Nolvi S, Rantavuori K, Karlsson H, Karlsson L, Lahti S. Associations between temperament dimensions and dental anxiety in parents of the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. Eur J Oral Sci 2022; 130:e12897. [PMID: 36302720 PMCID: PMC10092261 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated associations between dental anxiety and four temperament dimensions: effortful control, extraversion/surgency, negative affect and orienting sensitivity among 2558 parents in the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. Dental anxiety was measured with the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale, and temperament with the Adult Temperament Questionnaire. Associations between dental anxiety and temperament dimensions were modelled using linear and logistic (cut-off ≥ 19 for high dental anxiety) regression analyses adjusting for general anxiety and depressive symptoms, age and education. In women and men, dental anxiety was positively associated with negative affect (women β = 1.10; 95%CI 1.06-1.15; men β = 1.11; 95%CI 1.05-1.18) and negatively associated with effortful control (women β = 0.95; 95% CI0.92-0.99, men β = 0.90; 95% CI 0.85-0.95). In women, extraversion/surgency was also positively associated with dental anxiety (β = 1.04; 95%CI 1.00-1.08). For high dental anxiety, negative affect in women (OR = 2.00; 95%CI 1.31-3.06) and men (OR = 5.21; 95%CI 1.72-15.83) and for extraversion/surgency in women (OR = 1.50; 95%CI 1.01-1.47) associated positively with dental anxiety, but for effortful control, the association was not statistically significant. Dentists should understand that temperament dimensions affect the risk for dental anxiety more strongly than general anxiety or depressive symptoms. Dimensions negative affect and extraversion/surgency may increase and effortful control decrease the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juuso Arkkila
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Auli Suominen
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Saara Nolvi
- Turku Institute for Advanced Studies, Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kari Rantavuori
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Center, Department of Plastic Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and Helsinki University Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hasse Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Satu Lahti
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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5
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Karukivi M, Suominen A, Scheinin NM, Li R, Ahrnberg H, Rantavuori K, Karlsson H, Karlsson L, Lahti S. Gender-specific associations between the dimensions of alexithymia personality trait and dental anxiety in parents of the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. Eur J Oral Sci 2021; 130:e12830. [PMID: 34761432 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated gender-specific associations of two dimensions of dental anxiety (anticipatory and treatment-related dental anxiety) with three dimensions of alexithymia: difficulty in identifying feelings, difficulty in describing feelings, and externally oriented thinking. The sample comprised 2558 parents from the general population participating in the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. Dental anxiety was measured with the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale and alexithymia with the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Associations between dental anxiety and alexithymia dimensions were modelled using linear regression analysis adjusting for general anxiety and depressive symptoms, age, and education. Structural equation modeling assessed their interrelationships. In women, anticipatory dental anxiety was associated only with difficulty in identifying feelings, but treatment-related dental anxiety was associated with difficulty in identifying feelings, difficulty in describing feelings, and externally oriented thinking. In men, anticipatory dental anxiety was associated with only externally oriented thinking, whereas treatment-related dental anxiety was associated with difficulty in describing feelings, and with externally oriented thinking. Structural equation modelling showed that difficulty in identifying feelings was associated with anticipatory and treatment-related dental anxiety in women, whereas in men, only difficulty in describing feelings was associated with both types of dental anxiety. Anticipatory and treatment-related dental anxiety have different associations with alexithymia dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Karukivi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Auli Suominen
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Noora M Scheinin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ru Li
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Hanna Ahrnberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kari Rantavuori
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Hasse Karlsson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Satu Lahti
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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6
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Wolowski A, Schneider HJ, Eger T. [Dental disorders with a psychosocial background]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2021; 64:951-958. [PMID: 34212207 PMCID: PMC8316243 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-021-03369-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
While the mouth and teeth play a lifelong central role in a person's development and wellbeing, psychosocial aspects of disease and health are still only reluctantly included in dental explanatory models. Only dental anxiety with its disease quality of a specific phobia is generally recognized as a mental disorder requiring intervention. It is interpreted as an emotional reaction to aspects of dental treatment, which results in distress for the affected person and appears to be unreasonably intense given the actual dangers involved. Apart from that, the tendency to provide a somatic explanation for symptoms in the dental context persists. This bears implications for the expectations of those affected as well as for interdisciplinary cooperation. In order to improve interdisciplinary support and mutual understanding, the following article introduces the clinical pictures of craniomandibular dysfunction, bruxism, occlusal dysaesthesia, and somatoform prosthesis intolerance alongside dental anxiety. Psychosocial factors can profoundly influence the development, course, and management of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Wolowski
- Poliklinik für Prothetische Zahnmedizin & Biomaterialien, Zentrum für Zahn‑, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Münster (UKM), Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Deutschland.
| | - Hans-Joachim Schneider
- Poliklinik für Prothetische Zahnmedizin & Biomaterialien, Zentrum für Zahn‑, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Münster (UKM), Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Deutschland
| | - Thomas Eger
- Abt. XXIII Zahnmedizin, Parodontologie Bundeswehrzentralkrankenhaus Koblenz, Koblenz, Deutschland
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Eger T, Wörner F, Simon U, Konrad S, Wolowski A. Dental Anxiety and Higher Sensory Processing Sensitivity in a Sample of German Soldiers with Inflammatory Periodontal Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041584. [PMID: 33567560 PMCID: PMC7915768 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Dental anxiety with disease value usually leads to avoidance of dental treatment. For the initial diagnosis of the level of anxiety, questionnaires such as the Hierarchical Anxiety Questionnaire (HAQ) are suitable. The construct of sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) describes a general trait in which people with a higher degree of SPS perceive information more strongly and process it more thoroughly. (2) Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated the relationship between dental anxiety and higher levels of SPS in 116 soldiers referred with different stages of periodontitis for mandatory dental fitness before military deployment. (3) Results: The proportion of patients with periodontitis in stage III + IV was 39% and in stage I + II was 27%. The mean cumulative values of the questionnaires were 20.9 ± 10.6 for HAQ and 27.7 ± 16.0 for SPS. Eleven moderately anxious patients had a SPS value of 37.4 ± 13.5 and 10 highly anxious patients had a value of 36.3 ± 14.1. Patients diagnosed with stage III + IV periodontitis showed significantly higher values on the SPS subscale Low Sensory Threshold (LST), which describes overstimulation by external sensory stimuli, compared to patients with stage I + II periodontitis. Dental anxiety showed moderately significant correlations with the SPS subscale Ease of Excitation (EOE), which measures emotional reactivity to physiological stimuli. (4) Conclusions: Due to the frequency of dental anxiety and higher sensitivity in patients with severe periodontitis, it is useful to record said frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Eger
- Department of XXIII Dentistry-Periodontology, Bundeswehr Central Hospital Koblenz, Ruebenacherstrasse 170, 56072 Koblenz, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-261-281-43000
| | - Felix Wörner
- Department of XXIII Dentistry-Periodontology, Bundeswehr Central Hospital Koblenz, Ruebenacherstrasse 170, 56072 Koblenz, Germany;
| | - Ursula Simon
- Department of VI Center for Mental Health and Psychiatry, Bundeswehr Central Hospital Koblenz, Ruebenacherstrasse 170, 56072 Koblenz, Germany;
| | - Sandra Konrad
- Department of Personality Psychology and Psychological Diagnostics, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Helmut-Schmidt-University/University of the Bundeswehr Hamburg, Gebäude H4, Holstenhofweg 85, 22043 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Anne Wolowski
- Department of Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
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Nanamadri N, Doshi D, Kulkarni S, Reddy M, Srilatha A. Association between dental neglect and alexithymia among adult dental patients. Indian J Dent Res 2021; 32:432-437. [DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_492_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ogawa M, Harano N, Ono K, Shigeyama-Tada Y, Hamasaki T, Watanabe S. Association between sensory processing and dental fear among female undergraduates in Japan. Acta Odontol Scand 2019; 77:525-533. [PMID: 31190586 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2019.1610190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between sensory processing patterns and dental fear among female undergraduates. Material and methods: Three hundred and ten female university students were included in the present study. Dental fear and sensory processing patterns were measured using the Dental Fear Survey and Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile with other possible confounders, respectively. Sensory processing patterns were categorized into sensory sensitivity, sensory avoidance, low registration and sensation seeking. We conducted structural equation modelling based on the hypothesis that sensory processing directly affects dental fear, including the confounding role of negative experiences with dentistry, autistic traits and the mediating role of trait anxiety. Results: Based on our proposed model, sensory processing patterns, excluding sensation seeking and negative experiences significantly contributed to dental fear (β = 0.33, p < .001 and β = 0.32, p < .001, respectively) and autistic traits and trait anxiety did not significantly contribute to dental fear. Conclusions: Extreme sensory processing patterns seem to be associated with a high level of dental fear; thus, the difference in sensory processing might play an important role in the aetiology of dental fear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Ogawa
- Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nozomu Harano
- Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ono
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Tomoko Hamasaki
- Department of Nutrition, Kyushu Women’s University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Seiji Watanabe
- Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Franćeski T, Karlović D, Peitl V, Ljubičić R, Silić A, Verzak Ž. INFLUENCE OF THE SEROTONERGIC SYSTEM POLYMORPHISM ON THE EXPRESSION OF DENTAL ANXIETY. Acta Clin Croat 2018; 57:417-424. [PMID: 31168173 PMCID: PMC6536273 DOI: 10.20471/acc.2018.57.03.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
- The aim of the study was to test the correlation between 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and dental anxiety. Research hypothesis was that positive relation between the expression of dental anxiety and the S allele exists in the population of healthy Caucasians. We conducted a prospective study on 159 subjects, volunteers made up of medical and non-medical staff of the Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre. Both genders were included, age range 19 to 59, mentally and physically healthy (according to DSM-5 classification of mental disorders). For the purpose of this research, we used a sociodemographic questionnaire containing the following information: age, gender, education level, work status, marital status and residence. Corah's Dental Anxiety Scale-Revised (DAS-R) was used to measure dental anxiety. Data distribution was tested by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, difference between the groups by ?χ2-test and one-way analysis of variance, and correlation of variables by logistic regression. In the study population, we found positive correlation between S-allele and total result in DAS-R questionnaire. The presence of S allele suggests that the person will have a higher result in DAS-R questionnaire, i.e. higher expression of dental anxiety.
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11
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Characteristics of patients attending for cognitive behavioural therapy at one UK specialist unit for dental phobia and outcomes of treatment. Br Dent J 2015; 219:501-6; discussion 506. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2015.890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have demonstrated the high incidence of periodontal disorders among patients suffering from mental illnesses, probably because of self-care impairment, the difficult financial conditions, and the lack of motivation. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of depression and alexithymia on periodontal status. Due to the influence of personality traits on behavior in general, the secondary aim of our study was to investigate the possible impact of personality disorders on dental status. METHODS Patients with major depression (DP) referred to our psychiatry unit and healthy individuals (controls) were consecutively enrolled during the period April 2012-September 2012. All the participants to the study underwent a psychiatric evaluation (through questionnaires investigating the presence of depression, anxiety, personality disorders, and alexithymia) and a dental examination through the following indexes: plaque index, gingival index, simplified oral hygiene index, periodontal index. RESULTS Fifty DP (aged 56.7±15.2 years) and 40 controls (aged 56.1±15.9 years) were enrolled in the study. DP showed a worse oral hygiene status. In particular, statistically significant differences were found when comparing DP and controls in terms of plaque index, simplified oral hygiene index, gingival index, periodontal index, and oral health impact profile. In addition, periodontal health was found to be negatively related to the severity of depression and the presence of alexithymia. The strength of association between depression and dental indexes was reduced after adjusting for the other psychiatric variables (alexithymia and personality disorders) and was confirmed only for oral health impact profile. CONCLUSION Psychiatric variables seem to affect the patients' periodontal status; due to the high frequency of dental problems, patients suffering from mental illnesses should be referred to the oral health services for evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luca
- Department of Medical and Surgery Specialties, Psychiatry Unit, University Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele" of Catania, Sicily, Italy
| | - Antonina Luca
- Department "GF Ingrassia", Section of Neuroscience, University Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele" of Catania, Sicily, Italy
| | | | - Carmela Calandra
- Department of Medical and Surgery Specialties, Psychiatry Unit, University Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele" of Catania, Sicily, Italy
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Jaakkola S, Rautava P, Saarinen M, Lahti S, Mattila ML, Suominen S, Räihä H, Aromaa M, Honkinen PL, Sillanpää M. Dental fear and sense of coherence among 18-yr-old adolescents in Finland. Eur J Oral Sci 2013; 121:247-51. [PMID: 23659257 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to investigate whether dental fear was associated with the sense of coherence (SOC) among 18-yr-old adolescents (n = 777). Cross-sectional data from a prospective cohort of a random sample of families from Finland and their first-born children were used. Dental fear was measured using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale and categorized as high dental fear for scores of 19-25 and as no to moderate dental fear for scores of 5-18. Sense of coherence was measured using a 13-item version of Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence Questionnaire, dichotomized as scores 13-63 for weak SOC and as scores of 64-91 for strong SOC. Gender and education were included as background factors in the logistic regression analyses. The prevalence of high dental fear was 8%. Those reporting high dental fear reported more often a weaker SOC than did those with no to moderate dental fear (69% vs. 31%, OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.4-4.4), also when adjusted for gender and education (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.2-3.9). According to the theory of salutogenesis, as proposed by Antonovsky, SOC is a resource instrument especially in situations of tension or strain and hence a strong SOC might protect against high dental fear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirkka Jaakkola
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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Mattila AK, Pohjola V, Suominen AL, Joukamaa M, Lahti S. Difficulties in emotional regulation: association with poorer oral health-related quality of life in the general population. Eur J Oral Sci 2012; 120:224-31. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2012.00953.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A K Mattila
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
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