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Kothari SF, Devendran A, Kumar A, de Caxias FP, Svensson P. Signal to noise ratio of masticatory muscle activity of functional and non-functional oral tasks. J Oral Rehabil 2024. [PMID: 38837445 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electromyographic activity (EMG) of masticatory muscles during wakefulness is understudied. It is unclear if single channel ambulatory EMG devices are sensitive enough to detect masticatory muscle activity (MMA) during wakefulness. OBJECTIVES To compare the MMA of various oral tasks recorded with a single channel EMG device ((Grindcare4-datalogger Prototype device) (GC4-β)) and a conventional EMG (cEMG) device. METHODS EMG activity of 30 standardised oral tasks was recorded unilaterally from the masseter and anterior temporalis muscle in 24 healthy volunteers using GC4-β and a cEMG device. To compare the EMG data, signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) were calculated as a way to normalise EMG activity across tasks. Analysis of variance was used to compare the SNR between the devices, muscles and oral tasks. RESULTS SNR measured from GC4-β was overall significantly higher than the cEMG device (p =.001). The SNR for maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) was significantly higher than all other tasks (p <.001). SNR for temporalis with GC4-β was significantly higher for MVC, hard food, soft food, gum chewing (dominant side), rhythmic clenching and upper lip biting compared to the cEMG device (p <.021). The SNR for masseter with GC4-β was significantly higher for hard food and gum chewing (dominant side), rhythmic clenching, rhythmic biting of an object and yawning compared to the cEMG device (p <.022). CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel insight into the EMG patterns of numerous oral tasks enhancing knowledge of physiological differences between the masticatory muscles. Further, single channel EMG devices can effectively measure the EMG activity of various oral tasks during wakefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simple Futarmal Kothari
- Section for Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Aarhus, Denmark
- Hammel Neurorehabilitation and University Research Clinic, Hammel, Denmark
| | - Anupriyadarshini Devendran
- Section for Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Academic Centre for Geriatric Dentistry, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fernanda P de Caxias
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Peter Svensson
- Section for Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
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Nota A, Pittari L, Lannes AC, Vaghi C, Calugi Benvenuti C, Tecco S. Analysis of Cervical Range of Motion in Subjects Affected by Temporomandibular Disorders: A Controlled Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 60:37. [PMID: 38256297 PMCID: PMC10819167 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The aim of this study were to compare the cervical ROM data obtained from accelerometer exams between patients suffering from TMDs (study group) and healthy patients (control group). Material and Methods: A sample of 43 young adult subjects (23 control subjects and 20 TMD patients) were included in this study and analyzed with the accelerometer (Baiobit™, BTS, Garbagnate Milanese, Milan, Italy) to assess cervical ROM using a standardized protocol, including the following occlusal conditions: mandibular rest position, clenching, clenching with cotton rolls, maximal intercuspation, and mandibular position with cotton rolls. The cervical ROM was measured in degrees and expressed as the mean and standard deviation. Results: TMD patients showed a reduced cervical extension compared to control subjects in all the conditions, with statistically significant relevance. Regarding the other movements, the differences were not statistically or clinically significant. Conclusions: Based on the results of the present study, it can be observed that temporomandibular disorders are associated with a decreased cervical extension range, while the remaining components of ROM do not seem to be significantly associated. The use of accelerometers in ROM analysis could be helpful in improving interdisciplinary communication between dentists and physiotherapists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Nota
- Dental School, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and Department of Dentistry, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy; (L.P.); (A.C.L.); (C.V.); (C.C.B.); (S.T.)
| | - Laura Pittari
- Dental School, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and Department of Dentistry, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy; (L.P.); (A.C.L.); (C.V.); (C.C.B.); (S.T.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences (MeSVA), University of L’Aquila, 24100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessia Claudia Lannes
- Dental School, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and Department of Dentistry, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy; (L.P.); (A.C.L.); (C.V.); (C.C.B.); (S.T.)
| | - Chiara Vaghi
- Dental School, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and Department of Dentistry, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy; (L.P.); (A.C.L.); (C.V.); (C.C.B.); (S.T.)
| | - Clarissa Calugi Benvenuti
- Dental School, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and Department of Dentistry, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy; (L.P.); (A.C.L.); (C.V.); (C.C.B.); (S.T.)
| | - Simona Tecco
- Dental School, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and Department of Dentistry, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy; (L.P.); (A.C.L.); (C.V.); (C.C.B.); (S.T.)
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Walton TR, Layton DM. Mediotrusive Occlusal Contacts: Best Evidence Consensus Statement. J Prosthodont 2021; 30:43-51. [PMID: 33783093 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The impact of mediotrusive (MT) occlusal contacts has been a topic of controversy and confusion in both clinical practice and in the dental literature. The purpose of this Best Evidence Consensus Statement was to explore whether MT interferences are harmful in the natural or therapeutic occlusion directed by 4 focus questions relating to prevalence, jaw function, jaw dysfunction and biomechanical models. MATERIALS AND METHODS An electronic search in October 2020 sought evidence in MEDLINE (Ovid) using (mediotrus* OR nonworking side OR nonworking contact OR balancing side OR interfer* side OR premature contact) in the multipurpose (.mp) search field; and in Google Scholar using permutations of the above. Supplementary articles were sourced from the associated reference lists. There was no language restriction. The search yield was reviewed in duplicate. RESULTS The electronic search identified 420 articles. Following screening, 164 were selected for eligibility assessments. Of these, 47 were included in the current paper. CONCLUSIONS Non-standardized nomenclature and methodology is used to identify MT interferences in patient populations, with resultant prevalence varying from 0% to 77%, (median = 16%). MT interferences may alter the biomechanics of mandibular function. Together with the presence of repeated high loads resultant strain can manifest as pathophysiology of the temporomandibular joint and associated muscle structures. MT interferences should be avoided in any therapeutic occlusal scheme to minimize pulpal, periodontal, structural and mechanical complications or exacerbation of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Naturally occurring molar MT interferences should be eliminated only if signs and symptoms of TMDs are present. Literature supports there being a biomechanical basis which can explain how MT interferences may affect temporomandibular joint morphology and jaw function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry R Walton
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, & Specialist private practice, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Danielle M Layton
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, & Specialist private practice, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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Fuentes AD, Sforza C, Miralles R, Ferreira CL, Mapelli A, Lodetti G, Martin C. Assessment of electromyographic activity in patients with temporomandibular disorders and natural mediotrusive occlusal contact during chewing and tooth grinding. Cranio 2016; 35:152-161. [PMID: 27101810 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2016.1173312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate whether the presence of a natural mediotrusive contact influences electromyographic (EMG) pattern activity in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). METHOD Bilateral surface EMG activity of the anterior temporalis (AT), masseter (MM), and sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscles was recorded in 43 subjects during unilateral chewing and tooth grinding. Thirteen patients had TMD and a natural mediotrusive contact (Group 1), 15 had TMD without a natural mediotrusive contact (Group 2), and 15 were healthy subjects without mediotrusive contacts (Group 3). All subjects were examined according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD). All EMG values were standardized as the percentage of EMG activity recorded during maximum isometric contraction on cotton rolls. RESULTS EMG activity from all muscles measured showed no significant differences between groups during chewing and grinding. Overall, in all groups, the EMG activity during chewing was higher in the working side than the non-working side in AT and MM muscles. During grinding, these differences were only found in masseter muscles (mainly in eccentric grinding). SCM EMG activity did not show significant differences during chewing and grinding tasks. Symmetry, muscular balance, and absence of lateral jaw displacement were common findings in all groups. DISCUSSION EMG results suggest that the contribution of a natural mediotrusive occlusal contact to EMG patterns in TMD patients is minor. Therefore, the elimination of this occlusal feature for therapeutic purposes could be not indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aler D Fuentes
- a Faculty of Dentistry, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences , University of Chile , Santiago , Chile.,b Faculty of Medicine, Oral Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Sciences Institute , University of Chile , Santiago , Chile
| | - Chiarella Sforza
- c Functional Anatomy Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
| | - Rodolfo Miralles
- b Faculty of Medicine, Oral Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Sciences Institute , University of Chile , Santiago , Chile
| | - Cláudia L Ferreira
- c Functional Anatomy Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
| | - Andrea Mapelli
- c Functional Anatomy Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy.,d Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ophthalmology, and Head and Neck Surgery , School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Gianluigi Lodetti
- c Functional Anatomy Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy.,e Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiologic Sciences, and Public Health, Dental Clinic , Università degli Studi di Brescia , Brescia , Italy
| | - Conchita Martin
- f Department of Stomatology IV, School of Dentistry , Complutense University of Madrid , Madrid , Spain
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