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Nagendrababu V, Vinothkumar TS, Rossi-Fedele G, Doğramacı EJ, Duncan HF, Abbott PV, Levin L, Lin S, Dummer PMH. Dental patient-reported outcomes following traumatic dental injuries and treatment: A narrative review. Dent Traumatol 2023. [PMID: 36744323 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dental patient-reported outcomes (dPROs) are self-reported descriptions of a patient's oral health status that are not modified or interpreted by a healthcare professional. Dental patient-reported outcome measures (dPROMs) are objective or subjective measurements used to assess dPROs. In oral healthcare settings, the emphasis on assessing treatment outcomes from the patient's perspective has increased and this is particularly important after traumatic dental injuries (TDIs), as this group of injuries represent the fifth most prevalent disease or condition worldwide. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current use of dPROs and dPROMs in the field of dental traumatology. Oral Health-Related Quality of Life, pain, swelling, aesthetics, function, adverse effects, patient satisfaction, number of clinical visits and trauma-related dental anxiety are the key dPROs following TDIs. Clinicians and researchers should consider the well-being of patients as their top priority and conduct routine evaluations of dPROs using measures that are appropriate, accurate and reflect what is important to the patient. After a TDI, dPROs can assist clinicians and patients to choose the best management option(s) for each individual patient and potentially improve the methodology, design and relevance of clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thilla Sekar Vinothkumar
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | | | - Esma J Doğramacı
- Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Henry F Duncan
- Division of Restorative Dentistry, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul V Abbott
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Liran Levin
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Shaul Lin
- The Israeli National Center for Trauma & Emergency Medicine Research, Gertner Institute, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Department of Endodontics, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Paul M H Dummer
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Ng L, Malandris M, Cheung W, Rossi-Fedele G. Traumatic dental injuries presenting to a paediatric emergency department in a tertiary children's hospital, Adelaide, Australia. Dent Traumatol 2020; 36:360-370. [PMID: 32012455 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM There is a scarcity of data regarding paediatric traumatic dental injuries (TDI) in tertiary teaching hospitals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to review the TDI presenting to the Women's and Children's Hospital in Adelaide (Australia) on an emergency basis and to identify the characteristics of the presenting patient cohort, their accident, injuries and management. METHODS Medical health records of 337 paediatric patients attending the Paediatric Emergency Department (PED) for the management of TDI over 18 months were prospectively reviewed. RESULTS TDI were more frequent in children under 5 years of age (56.1%) with a predominance of injuries sustained by males (63.8%). The accident characteristics included weekend occurrence (35.6%), the most common aetiology was falls (64.4%) and many incidents occurred at home (48.5%). Overall, 654 teeth were injured with the majority affecting deciduous teeth (58.4%) and the maxillary central incisors (69.9%). The most frequent injury was lateral luxation (27.5%). The majority of patients were referred to the Paediatric Dentistry Department (60.8%). However, almost half of presenting patients did not require further management locally and were subsequently discharged to their dental practitioners (39.2%). Most patients receiving treatment were managed under general anaesthetic (36.9%), and there was often a delay of 3-12 hours before treatment commenced (49.1%). Similarly, more severe injuries in the permanent dentition (avulsion, extrusion, root fracture, intrusion, alveolar fracture) were more frequently managed between 3 and 12 hours following the accident. CONCLUSION The patient, accident, injury and management characteristics are comparable to what has previously been reported in other studies in paediatric populations. Injuries affecting the permanent dentition are more likely to be managed within 3 and 12 hours in an outpatient setting, whereas injuries affecting the deciduous dentition had a delay in management between 12 and 24 hours under general anaesthetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Ng
- Dental Department, Hutt Valley District Health Board, Hut Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand.,Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Wendy Cheung
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Psychosocial Impacts Relating to Dental Injuries in Childhood: The Bigger Picture. Dent J (Basel) 2019; 7:dj7010023. [PMID: 30836645 PMCID: PMC6473822 DOI: 10.3390/dj7010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) in childhood are fairly commonplace, with a reported prevalence of up to 30% worldwide. These injuries can have significant impacts on patients, their families and dental professionals; however, this area is currently underrepresented within paediatric oral health research. The psychosocial impacts of traumatic injury are personal to each patient and should be addressed as part of a holistic treatment plan. A review of the current evidence base shows that children who have suffered a traumatic injury to the dentition report worse oral-health-related quality of life. They are also more likely to suffer decreased self-esteem due to their appearance, especially where the injury is not effectively managed. Society (including other children) often judges poorly those with obvious dental disease or anomaly, and with the rising use of social media, these judgements can be made by even greater audiences. There is currently a paucity of qualitative research in this topic to explore the negative psychosocial impacts of dental trauma in greater detail. Although there is growing evidence for the benefit of treatment in improving children’s wellbeing following a TDI, the field of paediatric dental traumatology still has much to learn about young patients’ perspectives, experiences and values.
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Bratteberg M, Thelen DS, Klock KS, Bårdsen A. Traumatic dental injuries-Prevalence and severity among 16-year-old pupils in western Norway. Dent Traumatol 2018; 34:144-150. [DOI: 10.1111/edt.12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Bratteberg
- Department of Clinical Dentistry; Faculty of Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | | | - Kristin S. Klock
- Department of Clinical Dentistry; Faculty of Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Asgeir Bårdsen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry; Faculty of Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
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Goyal N, Singh S, Mathur A, Makkar DK, Aggarwal VP, Sharma A, Kaur P. Traumatic Dental Injuries Prevalence and their Impact on Self-esteem among Adolescents in India: A Comparative Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZC106-ZC110. [PMID: 28969286 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/27496.10510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescents are mostly injured during sport activities, traffic accidents and some forms of violence which may lead to traumatic injuries. Traumatic injuries not only pose a health risk worldwide but are also regarded among serious social problems. Poor oral health has been related to poor social relationships that affect the ability to learn and grow which may lead to reduced self-esteem. AIM This study was conducted to compare self-esteem of adolescents with and without anterior Traumatic Dental Injury (TDI). MATERIALS AND METHODS A population based comparative study was conducted among 10 to 17 years old adolescents from November 2014 to January 2016. The study sample comprised of 424 controls and 212 cases with 2:1 control-to-case ratio that were selected by four examiners along with a gold standard examiner. TDI was recorded using Ellis classification and self-esteem was recorded using Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). For comparing self-esteem of cases and controls according to RSES questions, t-test is used. Odds ratio (OR) was utilized to assess and compare the self-esteem according to high and low esteem in cases and controls. RESULTS Ellis Class I, Ellis Class II and Ellis Class III fractures were observed in 53.3%, 33.49% and 13.20% of cases, respectively. The maxillary arch was the most affected (72.48%) and on the hierarchy of causes, this study found that on most occasions dental injuries were caused by sports (40.09%). The total mean score of RSES in cases (23.16) and in controls (24.43) was also statistically significant (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Improving oral health in schools may contribute considerably to increase the self-esteem of adolescents in a positive direction and help them in becoming socially competent adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Goyal
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Surendera Dental College and Research Institute, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Simarpreet Singh
- Head, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Surendera Dental College and Research Institute, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anmol Mathur
- Reader, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Surendera Dental College and Research Institute, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Diljot Kaur Makkar
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Surendera Dental College and Research Institute, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vikram Pal Aggarwal
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Surendera Dental College and Research Institute, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anshika Sharma
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Surendera Dental College and Research Institute, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Puneet Kaur
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Surendera Dental College and Research Institute, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
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Wilson S. Management of child patient behavior: quality of care, fear and anxiety, and the child patient. J Endod 2014; 39:S73-7. [PMID: 23439049 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Behavior management is a key component when providing dental care to children who have suffered traumatic dental injuries. This article reviews the current status of behavior management including basic communication techniques and advanced techniques used by pediatric dentists. Emphasis is given to oral and inhalation sedation when treating children at initial visits status post dental injury. Little is known about the use of pharmacologic agents in managing young but behaviorally challenging patients who have suffered dental trauma. Future care involving sedation and specialized endodontic procedures of these young patients through collaborative efforts between endodontists and pediatric dentists seems promising and should be pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Wilson
- Division of Dentistry, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA.
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Vilhjálmsson VH, Klock KS, Størksen K, Bårdsen A. Aesthetics of implant-supported single anterior maxillary crowns evaluated by objective indices and participants' perceptions. Clin Oral Implants Res 2011; 22:1399-403. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.02128.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Thelen DS, Trovik TA, Bårdsen A. Impact of traumatic dental injuries with unmet treatment need on daily life among Albanian adolescents: a case-control study. Dent Traumatol 2011; 27:88-94. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2010.00957.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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de Alcântara CEP, Corrêa-Faria P, Vasconcellos WA, Ramos-Jorge ML. Combined technique with dentin post reinforcement and original fragment reattachment for the esthetic recovery of a fractured anterior tooth: a case report. Dent Traumatol 2010; 26:447-50. [PMID: 20831641 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2010.00902.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This case report describes the esthetic and functional recovery of a maxillary central incisor. The treatments used were dentin post (biological post) reinforcement and reattachment of the fragment. From the outcomes achieved, it can be concluded that this technique is promising and is yet another alternative method that can be used for the recovery of fractured anterior teeth.
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Thelen DS, Bårdsen A. Traumatic dental injuries in an urban adolescent population in Tirana, Albania. Dent Traumatol 2010; 26:376-82. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2010.00918.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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David J, Åstrøm AN, Wang NJ. Factors associated with traumatic dental injuries among 12-year-old schoolchildren in South India. Dent Traumatol 2009; 25:500-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2009.00807.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Glendor U. Has the education of professional caregivers and lay people in dental trauma care failed? Dent Traumatol 2009; 25:12-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2008.00707.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ramos-Jorge ML, Bosco VL, Peres MA, Nunes ACGP. The impact of treatment of dental trauma on the quality of life of adolescents ? a case-control study in southern Brazil. Dent Traumatol 2007; 23:114-9. [PMID: 17367459 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2005.00409.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of treatment for Enamel-Dentin Fracture (EDF) on the daily activities of adolescents. This was a case-control study (1:4). The case group was composed of 40 adolescents from 11 to 17 years of age, presenting definitive restoration treatment for EDF for over 6 months. The control group was made up of 160 adolescents with no history of dental trauma and belonging to the circle of friends of the participants of the case group, matched by gender, age, and socioeconomic level. The outcome variable 'impact' was assessed through the Oral Impact on Daily Performances (OIDP). The independent variables were collected for being of interest to the study (dental trauma) or for acting as potential confounding factors (malocclusion, decay, and mother's education). Descriptive, univariate, simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. Among the cases, the impact prevalence was 40.0%, whereas among the controls it was 16.9%. The more affected daily activities were showing the teeth (18.0%), eating (6.5%), speaking (2.0%), and cleaning the mouth (0.5%). The odds ratio of adolescents treated for EDF of presenting an impact on daily activities was 3.3 times (confidence interval 95%: 1.4-7.7) greater than among adolescents without dental trauma, controlling for mother's education, decay and the presence of malocclusion. Adolescents whose teeth have been esthetically treated for EDFs run a greater risk of presenting OIDP when compared to adolescents that have never suffered dental injuries.
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Nguyen PMT, Kenny DJ, Barrett EJ. Socio-economic burden of permanent incisor replantation on children and parents. Dent Traumatol 2004; 20:123-33. [PMID: 15144442 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-4469.2004.00235.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the socio-economic burden and attitudes of children and their parents following replantation of avulsed incisors. Records of 80 patients with 99 avulsion injuries treated in a teaching hospital clinic from 1988 to 1999 were reviewed. Mean age at time of injury was 10.6 years (range = 6.6-17.7 years). Complete records for a minimum of 1 year were obtained for 43 patients with 60 replanted incisors. Mean treatment procedures provided during the first year included 5.5 diagnostic periapical radiographs, 1.9 occlusal radiographs, 1.3 pulpectomies, and 2.7 pulp medicament applications. The mean estimated treatment cost and direct time (dentist) for first-year post-trauma management was 1465 dollars CAD and 7.2 h, respectively. Treatment costs were significantly higher during the first year post-trauma for patients who had their incisors extracted (P = 0.04), but there was no significant difference in direct treatment time between the two groups (P = 0.19). Twenty-one patient-parent pairs were surveyed for a number of qualitative factors. Ninety per cent of patients and 86% of parents reported that school and work time was lost. Even after having gone through the painful experience of replantation, the demands of recall, and in some cases, extraction, the majority of patients (67%) and parents (81%) stated that they would have still made the same (replantation) decision. Patient and parent responses were not statistically different (P = 0.453). Almost half the parents stated they would be willing to pay over 2000 dollars CAD to save an incisor. Patients rated retention of an incisor as significantly more important than infraocclusion. This is the first study to quantify the treatment burden of replantation of avulsion injuries exclusively in the pediatric population. This study describes the socio-economic burden and responsibilities of patient/parent and dentist and their role in informed consent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phu-My T Nguyen
- The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Bergius M, Kiliaridis S, Berggren U. Pain in orthodontics. A review and discussion of the literature. J Orofac Orthop 2000; 61:125-37. [PMID: 10783564 DOI: 10.1007/bf01300354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This literature review focuses on previous studies of pain and pain perception in dentistry with special emphasis on orthodontic treatment. The prevalence of pain and background factors such as age, gender and culture/society, in addition to pain physiology and the influence of concomitant emotional and cognitive factors, is examined. Pain during orthodontic tooth movement is reported from the point of view of its physiology and character and different assessment methods. These aspects are described both generally and specifically in relation to the type of orthodontic forces and to the experience of discomfort other than pain. Since the orthodontic treatment may cause some degree of suffering for the patients, it is important for orthodontists to handle this situation in the best possible way. Some ideas about the possibilities of avoiding, reducing or alleviating pain in orthodontics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bergius
- Department of Orthodontics, Göteborg University, Sweden.
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Abstract
The am of this study was to evaluate subjective aspects from questionnaires dealing with dental trauma by applying different computerized inductive techniques within the field of artificial intelligence to questionnaires consisting of descriptive variables and of questions reflecting functional, personal, and social effects of patients' oral situation following dental trauma. As the methodology used is new to many readers in odontologic sciences, a detailed description of both the processes and the terminology is given. Utilizing a neural network as a first step in an analysis of data showed if relations existed in the training set, but the network could not make the relations explicit, so other methods, inductive methods, had to be applied. Inductive methods have the potential constructing rules from a set of examples. The rules combined with domain knowledge can reveal relations between the variables. It can be concluded that the usage of methods based on artificial intelligence can greatly improve explanatory value and make knowledge in databases explicit.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Robertson
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Göteborg University, Sweden
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