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Dasari S, Gonuguntla S, Ganjayi MS, Bukke S, Sreenivasulu B, Meriga B. Genetic polymorphism of glutathione S-transferases: Relevance to neurological disorders. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2018; 25:285-292. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Kim KH, Song JS, Park CW, Ki CS, Heo K. First Molecular Diagnosis of a Patient with Unverricht-Lundborg Disease in Korea. Yonsei Med J 2018; 59:798-800. [PMID: 29978618 PMCID: PMC6037595 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2018.59.6.798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Unverricht-Lundborg disease (ULD) is a form of progressive myoclonus epilepsy characterized by stimulation-induced myoclonus and seizures. This disease is an autosomal recessive disorder, and the gene CSTB, which encodes cystatin B, a cysteine protease inhibitor, is the only gene known to be associated with ULD. Although the prevalence of ULD is higher in the Baltic region of Europe and the Mediterranean, sporadic cases have occasionally been diagnosed worldwide. The patient described in the current report showed only abnormally enlarged restriction fragments of 62 dodecamer repeats, confirming ULD, that were transmitted from both her father and mother who carried the abnormally enlarged restriction fragment as heterozygotes with normal-sized fragments. We report the first case of a genetically confirmed patient with ULD in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hoon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Chan Wook Park
- Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Kyoung Heo
- Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Kumar A, Dhull DK, Gupta V, Channana P, Singh A, Bhardwaj M, Ruhal P, Mittal R. Role of Glutathione-S-transferases in neurological problems. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2016; 27:299-309. [PMID: 27785931 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2017.1254192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Role of Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) has been well explored in the cellular detoxification process, regulation of redox homeostasis and S-glutothionylation of target proteins like JNK, ASK1 etc. However, altered levels or functions of this enzyme or their subtypes have emerged in the development of several pathologies diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cancer and related conditions. Oxidative stress is one of the possible pathological events that contributes significantly to activation of degenerating cascades inside neuronal cells. The central nervous system is highly sensitive to oxidative stress because of low levels or capacities of antioxidant enzymes. The brain is highly metabolic in nature making it susceptible to oxidative stress. Areas covered: The present review provides a comprehensive overview of the multiple connections of GSTs within diverse neurological diseases including cancer. Furthermore, the authors have made significant efforts to discuss the regulation of different GST isoforms that have been associated with various pathological processes such as glioblastoma, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke and epilepsy. Expert opinion: Though GSTs have been one of the key areas of scientific research over the last few decades, much remains to be elucidated about their physiological functions as well as pathological involvement of GSTs and their polymorphic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- a Neuropharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies (UGC-CAS) , Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
| | - Dinesh K Dhull
- a Neuropharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies (UGC-CAS) , Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
| | - Varun Gupta
- a Neuropharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies (UGC-CAS) , Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
| | - Priyanka Channana
- a Neuropharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies (UGC-CAS) , Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
| | - Arti Singh
- a Neuropharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies (UGC-CAS) , Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
| | - Manveen Bhardwaj
- a Neuropharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies (UGC-CAS) , Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
| | - Poonam Ruhal
- b Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology , Hisar , India
| | - Ruchika Mittal
- a Neuropharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies (UGC-CAS) , Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
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Ercegovac M, Jovic N, Sokic D, Savic-Radojevic A, Coric V, Radic T, Nikolic D, Kecmanovic M, Matic M, Simic T, Pljesa-Ercegovac M. GSTA1, GSTM1, GSTP1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms in progressive myoclonus epilepsy: A Serbian case-control study. Seizure 2015; 32:30-6. [PMID: 26552558 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Oxidative stress is recognized as an important factor in progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME). Genetic polymorphism of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), which are involved in both protection from oxidative damage and detoxification, might alter the capacity for protecting tissues from exogenous and endogenous oxidants. We aimed to assess a possible association between GST polymorphism and PME, as well as, correlation between GST genotypes and oxidative phenotype in PME patients. METHODS GSTA1, GSTM1, GSTP1 and GSTT1 genotypes were determined in 26 patients with PME and 66 controls. Byproducts of protein oxidative damage (thiol groups (P-SH) and nitrotyrosine), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities were determined. RESULTS The frequency of GSTA1, GSTM1 and GSTP1 genotypes was not significantly different between PME patients and controls, while individuals with GSTT1-null genotype were at 5.44-fold higher risk of PME than carriers of GSTT1-active genotype. Moreover, significant risk of PME was obtained in carriers of both GSTT1-null and GSTM1-null genotypes. Carriers of combined GSTA1- active and GSTT1-null genotype were at highest, 7.55-fold increased risk of PME. Byproducts of protein damage did not reach statistical significance, while SOD and GPX activities were significantly higher in PME patients then in controls. When stratified according to GST genotype, P-SH groups were significantly lower only in patients with GSTT1-null genotype in comparison to carriers of active genotype. Only SOD activity was increased in GSTT1-null when compared to corresponding active genotype. CONCLUSIONS GSTT1-null genotype might be associated with the increased risk and enhanced susceptibility to oxidative stress in PME patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Ercegovac
- Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Dr Subotica 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University in Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Nebojsa Jovic
- Clinic of Neurology and Psychiatry for Children and Youth, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Dr Subotica 6a, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University in Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Dragoslav Sokic
- Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Dr Subotica 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University in Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ana Savic-Radojevic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University in Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Vesna Coric
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University in Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Tanja Radic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Dimitrije Nikolic
- University Children's Hospital, Tirsova 10, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University in Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Miljana Kecmanovic
- Faculty of Biology, University in Belgrade, Studentski trg 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Marija Matic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University in Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Tatjana Simic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University in Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Marija Pljesa-Ercegovac
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University in Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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