1
|
Hanssen KM, Haber M, Fletcher JI. Targeting multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1)-expressing cancers: Beyond pharmacological inhibition. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 59:100795. [PMID: 34983733 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2021.100795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapy remains one of the most significant obstacles to successful cancer treatment. While inhibiting drug efflux mediated by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters is a seemingly attractive and logical approach to combat multidrug resistance (MDR), small molecule inhibition of ABC transporters has so far failed to confer clinical benefit, despite considerable efforts by medicinal chemists, biologists, and clinicians. The long-sought treatment to eradicate cancers displaying ABC transporter overexpression may therefore lie within alternative targeting strategies. When aberrantly expressed, the ABC transporter multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1, ABCC1) confers MDR, but can also shift cellular redox balance, leaving the cell vulnerable to select agents. Here, we explore the physiological roles of MRP1, the rational for targeting this transporter in cancer, the development of small molecule MRP1 inhibitors, and the most recent developments in alternative therapeutic approaches for targeting cancers with MRP1 overexpression. We discuss approaches that extend beyond simple MRP1 inhibition by exploiting the collateral sensitivity to glutathione depletion and ferroptosis, the rationale for targeting the shared transcriptional regulators of both MRP1 and glutathione biosynthesis, advances in gene silencing, and new molecules that modulate transporter activity to the detriment of the cancer cell. These strategies illustrate promising new approaches to address multidrug resistant disease that extend beyond the simple reversal of MDR and offer exciting routes for further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley M Hanssen
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jamie I Fletcher
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pollard J, Rajabi-Siahboomi A, Badhan RKS, Mohammed AR, Perrie Y. High-throughput screening of excipients with a biological effect: a kinetic study on the effects of surfactants on efflux-mediated transport. J Pharm Pharmacol 2019; 71:889-897. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
In this study, we develop and apply a high-throughput screening protocol to investigate the activity of non-ionic surfactants, with a broad range of hydrophilic–lipophilic balance values, against ABCB1-mediated efflux transport and ABCC2-mediated efflux transport.
Methods
Caco-2 cells were grown for 7 days in 96-well plates, then washed and incubated with the test materials for 2 h in the presence of 2.5 μm of either rhodamine 123 (R-123) or 5(6)-Carboxy-2′,7′ dichlorofluorescein diacetate as probes of ABCB1 and ABCC2, respectively.
Key findings
Of the surfactants tested, no activity against ABCC2 was detected and all surfactants showing efficacy against ABCB1 had a HLB value of 22 or below. Inhibition of ABCB1 was seen in the order of efficacy to be poloxamer 335 > poloxamer 40 > Crovol A-70 > Myrj S-40 > poloxamer 184 > poloxamer 182 > Etocas 40 > Tween 20 > Etocas 29 > Tween 80 > Acconon C-44 > Span 20. With regard to this inhibition, the distribution of hydrophilic regions is more important than the HLB value.
Conclusion
This work demonstrates a high-throughput protocol for detecting materials that can modulate ABCB1-mediated efflux. These surfactants could be exploited to improve oral delivery of drugs prone to efflux.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Pollard
- Aston Pharmacy School, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Raj K S Badhan
- Aston Pharmacy School, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Afzal R Mohammed
- Aston Pharmacy School, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Yvonne Perrie
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
The essential liver exocrine and endocrine functions require a precise spatial arrangement of the hepatic lobule consisting of the central vein, portal vein, hepatic artery, intrahepatic bile duct system, and hepatocyte zonation. This allows blood to be carried through the liver parenchyma sampled by all hepatocytes and bile produced by the hepatocytes to be carried out of the liver through the intrahepatic bile duct system composed of cholangiocytes. The molecular orchestration of multiple signaling pathways and epigenetic factors is required to set up lineage restriction of the bipotential hepatoblast progenitor into the hepatocyte and cholangiocyte cell lineages, and to further refine cell fate heterogeneity within each cell lineage reflected in the functional heterogeneity of hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. In addition to the complex molecular regulation, there is a complicated morphogenetic choreography observed in building the refined hepatic epithelial architecture. Given the multifaceted molecular and cellular regulation, it is not surprising that impairment of any of these processes can result in acute and chronic hepatobiliary diseases. To enlighten the development of potential molecular and cellular targets for therapeutic options, an understanding of how the intricate hepatic molecular and cellular interactions are regulated is imperative. Here, we review the signaling pathways and epigenetic factors regulating hepatic cell lineages, fates, and epithelial architecture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stacey S Huppert
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
| | - Makiko Iwafuchi-Doi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wen X, Joy MS, Aleksunes LM. In Vitro Transport Activity and Trafficking of MRP2/ABCC2 Polymorphic Variants. Pharm Res 2017; 34:1637-1647. [PMID: 28405913 PMCID: PMC5500460 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2160-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2/ABCC2) is an efflux pump that removes drugs and chemicals from cells. We sought to characterize the expression, trafficking and in vitro activity of seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ABCC2 gene. METHODS ABCC2 SNPs were generated using site-directed mutagenesis and stably expressed in Flp-In HEK293 cells, which allows targeted insertion of transgenes within the genome. Total and cell surface expression of MRP2 as well as accumulation of substrates (calcein AM and 5(6)-carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, CDCF) were quantified in cells or inverted membrane vesicles expressing wild-type (WT) or variant forms. RESULTS The cell surface expression of the C-24T-, G1249A-, G3542T-, T3563A-, C3972T- and G4544A-MRP2 variants was similar to WT-MRP2. While expression was similar, transport of calcein AM was enhanced in cells expressing the G3542T-, T3563A-, C3972T-, and G4544A-MRP2 variants. By comparison, cells expressing the C2366T-MRP2 variant had 40-50% lower surface expression, which increased the accumulation of calcein AM up to 3-fold. Accumulation of CDCF in inverted membrane vesicles expressing the C2366T-MRP2 variant was also reduced by 50%. In addition, the G1249A-MRP2 variant had decreased transport of CDCF. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data demonstrate that genetic variability in the ABCC2 gene influences the in vitro expression, trafficking, and transport activity of MRP2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, 170 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854, USA
| | - Melanie S Joy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, 80045, USA
| | - Lauren M Aleksunes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, 170 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854, USA.
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tanimizu N, Kaneko K, Itoh T, Ichinohe N, Ishii M, Mizuguchi T, Hirata K, Miyajima A, Mitaka T. Intrahepatic bile ducts are developed through formation of homogeneous continuous luminal network and its dynamic rearrangement in mice. Hepatology 2016; 64:175-88. [PMID: 26926046 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The intrahepatic bile duct (IHBD) is a highly organized tubular structure consisting of cholangiocytes, biliary epithelial cells, which drains bile produced by hepatocytes into the duodenum. Although several models have been proposed, it remains unclear how the three-dimensional (3D) IHBD network develops during liver organogenesis. Using 3D imaging techniques, we demonstrate that the continuous luminal network of IHBDs is established by 1 week after birth. Beyond this stage, the IHBD network consists of large ducts running along portal veins (PVs) and small ductules forming a mesh-like network around PVs. By analyzing embryonic and neonatal livers, we found that newly differentiated cholangiocytes progressively form a continuous and homogeneous luminal network. Elongation of this continuous network toward the liver periphery was attenuated by a potent Notch-signaling inhibitor N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester. Subsequent to this first step, the fine homogenous network is reorganized into the mature hierarchical network consisting of large ducts and small ductules. Between E17 and E18, when the homogenous network is radically reorganized into the mature hierarchical network, bile canaliculi rapidly extend and bile flow into IHBDs may increase. When formation of bile canaliculi was blocked between E16 and E18 by a multidrug resistance protein 2 inhibitor (benzbromarone), the structural rearrangement of IHBDs was significantly suppressed. CONCLUSION Establishment of the mature IHBD network consists of two sequential events: (1) formation of the continuous luminal network regulated by the Notch-signaling pathway and (2) dynamic rearrangement of the homogeneous network into the hierarchical network induced by increased bile flow resulting from the establishment of hepatobiliary connections. (Hepatology 2016;64:175-188).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Tanimizu
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kota Kaneko
- Laboratory of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Itoh
- Laboratory of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihisa Ichinohe
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ishii
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toru Mizuguchi
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koichi Hirata
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyajima
- Laboratory of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Mitaka
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Thompson RA, Isin EM, Ogese MO, Mettetal JT, Williams DP. Reactive Metabolites: Current and Emerging Risk and Hazard Assessments. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:505-33. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard A. Thompson
- DMPK, Respiratory, Inflammation & Autoimmunity iMed, AstraZeneca R&D, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Emre M. Isin
- DMPK, Cardiovascular & Metabolic Diseases iMed, AstraZeneca R&D, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Monday O. Ogese
- Translational Safety, Drug Safety and Metabolism, AstraZeneca R&D, Darwin Building 310, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Rd, Cambridge CB4 0FZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jerome T. Mettetal
- Translational Safety, Drug Safety and Metabolism, AstraZeneca R&D, 35 Gatehouse Dr, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Dominic P. Williams
- Translational Safety, Drug Safety and Metabolism, AstraZeneca R&D, Darwin Building 310, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Rd, Cambridge CB4 0FZ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fardel O, Le Vee M, Jouan E, Denizot C, Parmentier Y. Nature and uses of fluorescent dyes for drug transporter studies. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2015; 11:1233-51. [PMID: 26050735 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2015.1053462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug transporters are now recognized as major players involved in pharmacokinetics and toxicology. Methods for assessing their activity are important to consider, particularly owing to regulatory requirements with respect to inhibition of drug transporter activity and prediction of drug-drug interactions. In this context, the use of fluorescent-dye-based transport assays is likely to deserve attention. AREAS COVERED This review provides an overview of the nature of fluorescent dye substrates for ATP-binding cassette and solute carrier drug transporters. Their use for investigating drug transporter activity in cultured cells and clinical hematological samples, drug transporter inhibition, drug transporter imaging and drug transport at the organ level are summarized. EXPERT OPINION A wide range of fluorescent dyes is now available for use in various aspects of drug transporter studies. The use of these dyes for transporter analyses may, however, be hampered by classic pitfalls of fluorescence technology, such as quenching. Transporter-independent processes such as passive diffusion of dyes through plasma membrane or dye sequestration into subcellular compartments must also be considered, as well as the redundant handling by various distinct transporters of some fluorescent probes. Finally, standardization of dye-based transport assays remains an important on-going issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Fardel
- Institut de Recherches en Santé, Environnement et Travail (IRSET) , UMR INSERM U1085, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes , France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Watanabe T, Miyake M, Shimizu T, Kamezawa M, Masutomi N, Shimura T, Ohashi R. Utility of bilirubins and bile acids as endogenous biomarkers for the inhibition of hepatic transporters. Drug Metab Dispos 2015; 43:459-66. [PMID: 25581390 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.114.061051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
It is useful to identify endogenous substrates for the evaluation of drug-drug interactions via transporters. In this study, we investigated the utility of bilirubins, substrates of OATPs and MRP2, and bile acids and substrates of NTCP and BSEP, as biomarkers for the inhibition of transporters. In rats administered 20 and 80 mg/kg rifampicin, the plasma levels of bilirubin glucuronides were elevated, gradually decreased, and almost returned to the baseline level at 24 hours after administration without an elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). This result indicates the transient inhibition of rOatps and/or rMrp2. Although the correlation between free plasma concentrations and IC50 values of rOatps depended on the substrates used in the in vitro studies, the inhibition of rOatps by rifampicin was confirmed in the in vivo study using valsartan as a substrate of rOatps. In rats administered 10 and 30 mg/kg cyclosporin A, the plasma levels of bile acids were elevated and persisted for up to 24 hours after administration without an elevation of ALT and AST. This result indicates the continuous inhibition of rNtcp and/or rBsep, although there were differences between the free plasma or liver concentrations and IC50 values of rNtcp or rBsep, respectively. This study suggests that the monitoring of bilirubins and bile acids in plasma is useful in evaluating the inhibitory potential of their corresponding transporters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Watanabe
- DMPK Research Laboratory, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Saitama, Japan (T.W., M.K., Ta.S., R.O.); and Safety Research Laboratory, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Chiba, Japan (M.M., To.S., N.M.)
| | - Manami Miyake
- DMPK Research Laboratory, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Saitama, Japan (T.W., M.K., Ta.S., R.O.); and Safety Research Laboratory, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Chiba, Japan (M.M., To.S., N.M.)
| | - Toshinobu Shimizu
- DMPK Research Laboratory, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Saitama, Japan (T.W., M.K., Ta.S., R.O.); and Safety Research Laboratory, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Chiba, Japan (M.M., To.S., N.M.)
| | - Miho Kamezawa
- DMPK Research Laboratory, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Saitama, Japan (T.W., M.K., Ta.S., R.O.); and Safety Research Laboratory, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Chiba, Japan (M.M., To.S., N.M.)
| | - Naoya Masutomi
- DMPK Research Laboratory, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Saitama, Japan (T.W., M.K., Ta.S., R.O.); and Safety Research Laboratory, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Chiba, Japan (M.M., To.S., N.M.)
| | - Takesada Shimura
- DMPK Research Laboratory, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Saitama, Japan (T.W., M.K., Ta.S., R.O.); and Safety Research Laboratory, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Chiba, Japan (M.M., To.S., N.M.)
| | - Rikiya Ohashi
- DMPK Research Laboratory, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Saitama, Japan (T.W., M.K., Ta.S., R.O.); and Safety Research Laboratory, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Chiba, Japan (M.M., To.S., N.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Atienzar FA, Novik EI, Gerets HH, Parekh A, Delatour C, Cardenas A, MacDonald J, Yarmush ML, Dhalluin S. Predictivity of dog co-culture model, primary human hepatocytes and HepG2 cells for the detection of hepatotoxic drugs in humans. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 275:44-61. [PMID: 24333257 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Drug induced liver injury (DILI) is a major cause of attrition during early and late stage drug development. Consequently, there is a need to develop better in vitro primary hepatocyte models from different species for predicting hepatotoxicity in both animals and humans early in drug development. Dog is often chosen as the non-rodent species for toxicology studies. Unfortunately, dog in vitro models allowing long term cultures are not available. The objective of the present manuscript is to describe the development of a co-culture dog model for predicting hepatotoxic drugs in humans and to compare the predictivity of the canine model along with primary human hepatocytes and HepG2 cells. After rigorous optimization, the dog co-culture model displayed metabolic capacities that were maintained up to 2 weeks which indicates that such model could be also used for long term metabolism studies. Most of the human hepatotoxic drugs were detected with a sensitivity of approximately 80% (n=40) for the three cellular models. Nevertheless, the specificity was low approximately 40% for the HepG2 cells and hepatocytes compared to 72.7% for the canine model (n=11). Furthermore, the dog co-culture model showed a higher superiority for the classification of 5 pairs of close structural analogs with different DILI concerns in comparison to both human cellular models. Finally, the reproducibility of the canine system was also satisfactory with a coefficient of correlation of 75.2% (n=14). Overall, the present manuscript indicates that the dog co-culture model may represent a relevant tool to perform chronic hepatotoxicity and metabolism studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franck A Atienzar
- UCB Pharma SA, Non-Clinical Development, Chemin du Foriest, 1420 Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium.
| | - Eric I Novik
- Hμrel Corporation, 675 U.S. Highway 1, North Brunswick, NJ 08902, USA
| | - Helga H Gerets
- UCB Pharma SA, Non-Clinical Development, Chemin du Foriest, 1420 Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium
| | - Amit Parekh
- Hμrel Corporation, 675 U.S. Highway 1, North Brunswick, NJ 08902, USA
| | - Claude Delatour
- UCB Pharma SA, Non-Clinical Development, Chemin du Foriest, 1420 Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium
| | - Alvaro Cardenas
- UCB Pharma SA, Non-Clinical Development, Chemin du Foriest, 1420 Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium
| | - James MacDonald
- Chrysalis Pharma Consulting, LLC, 385 Route 24, Suite 1G, Chester, NJ 07930, USA
| | - Martin L Yarmush
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Stéphane Dhalluin
- UCB Pharma SA, Non-Clinical Development, Chemin du Foriest, 1420 Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Saitta KS, Zhang C, Lee KK, Fujimoto K, Redinbo MR, Boelsterli UA. Bacterial β-glucuronidase inhibition protects mice against enteropathy induced by indomethacin, ketoprofen or diclofenac: mode of action and pharmacokinetics. Xenobiotica 2013; 44:28-35. [PMID: 23829165 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2013.811314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
1. We have previously demonstrated that a small molecule inhibitor of bacterial β-glucuronidase (Inh-1; [1-((6,8-dimethyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-3-yl)-3-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)thiourea]) protected mice against diclofenac (DCF)-induced enteropathy. Here we report that Inh-1 was equally protective against small intestinal injury induced by other carboxylic acid-containing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), indomethacin (10 mg/kg, ip) and ketoprofen (100 mg/kg, ip). 2. Inh-1 provided complete protection if given prior to DCF (60 mg/kg, ip), and partial protection if administered 3-h post-DCF, suggesting that the temporal window of mucosal protection can be extended for drugs undergoing extensive enterohepatic circulation. 3. Pharmacokinetic analysis of Inh-1 revealed an absolute bioavailability (F) of 21% and a short t1/2 of <1 h. This low F was shown to be due to hepatic first-pass metabolism, as confirmed with the pan-CYP inhibitor, 1-aminobenzotriazole. 4. Using the fluorescent probe 5 (and 6)-carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein, we demonstrated that Inh-1 did not interfere with hepatobiliary export of glucuronides in gall bladder-cannulated mice. 5. These data are compatible with the hypothesis that pharmacological inhibition of bacterial β-glucuronidase-mediated cleavage of NSAID glucuronides in the small intestinal lumen can protect against NSAID-induced enteropathy caused by locally high concentrations of NSAID aglycones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle S Saitta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy , Storrs, Connecticut , USA and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rioux N, Bellavance E, Poirier H, Dupuis M, Garneau M, Ribadeneira MD, Duan J. A strategy to reduce biliary clearance in early drug discovery. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2013; 68:346-8. [PMID: 23518065 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biliary excretion can modulate the pharmacokinetic profile of drug candidates, and may represent a liability for drug-drug interactions. This study proposes a strategy to reduce biliary clearance using the efflux ratio in Caco-2 cells in parallel to an abbreviated pharmacokinetic study in bile duct-cannulated rats (BDC). METHODS Apical to basolateral (A to B) and basolateral to apical (B to A) permeability of 20 new chemical entities (NCEs) were determined in a 24-well permeability assay. In parallel, biliary excretion was determined in an abbreviated format in BDC rats. Test compounds were administered via an intravenous dose of 1 mg/kg and the percentage (%) of parent compound excreted in the bile in the first 3 hours after dosing was determined by LC-MS/MS analysis. RESULTS A reasonably good correlation (r(2)=0.635) between the in vitro efflux ratio from the Caco-2 assay and in vivo biliary excretion of parent compound in BDC rats was observed. All seven compounds with an efflux ratio of <5 had less than 25% of the parent excreted in rat bile. In contrast, 3 out of the 13 compounds with an efflux ratio >5 had less than 25% of the dose excreted in rat bile. DISCUSSION This suggests that a compound with an efflux ratio of <5 is at lower risk of having significant biliary clearance and that Caco-2 efflux ratio obtained from a high throughput screening assay may be used as an early indicator of biliary excretion. Although, we propose to reduce the occurrence of false positive prediction for biliary clearance (23%) by performing abbreviated PK in BDC rats for compounds with high efflux ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Rioux
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boehringer-Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Research and Development, 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Colombo F, Poirier H, Rioux N, Montecillo MA, Duan J, Ribadeneira MD. A membrane vesicle-based assay to enable prediction of human biliary excretion. Xenobiotica 2013; 43:915-9. [PMID: 23402371 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2013.769649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
1. Prediction of biliary excretion is a challenge due to the lack of in vitro assays. Our laboratory previously demonstrated a highly significant correlation between in vitro IC50 values against mrp2 using rat canalicular liver plasma membrane vesicles and in vivo biliary excretion (Colombo et al., 2012). This study explores the possibility of predicting in vivo biliary excretion in human using membrane vesicles prepared from MDCKII cells transfected with human ABCC2. 2. In vitro MRP2 activity was determined by measuring the ATP-dependent uptake of 5(6)-carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (CDCF) in inside-out membrane vesicles isolated from MDCK-ABCC2 cells. CDCF uptake was time- and concentration-dependent (Km of 4.0 ± 1.2 µM and a Vmax of 7.8 ± 0.9 pmol/mg/min) and inhibited by benzbromarone and MK-571 with IC50 values of 1.2 and 7.6 µM, respectively. 3. A significant linear correlation (r(2 )= 0.790) between the in vitro IC50 values from the described MRP2 assay and in vivo biliary excretion in humans was observed using 11 well-documented drugs covering low to high biliary excretions. 4. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that inhibition of CDCF uptake in MDCKII-ABCC2 vesicles not only provides a screening assay to assess MRP2 drug-drug interaction potential, but is also predictive of human MRP2-mediated biliary excretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Colombo
- Biological Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd , Laval, Québec , Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|