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Kadoguchi M, Arakawa H, Honda R, Hotta K, Shirasaka Y, Deguchi Y, Tamai I. Characterization of Aripiprazole Uptake Transporter in the Blood-Brain Barrier Model hCMEC/D3 Cells by Targeted siRNA Screening. Pharm Res 2022; 39:1549-1559. [PMID: 35314999 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03223-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Identification of blood-brain barrier (BBB) uptake transporters is a major challenge in the research and development of central nervous system (CNS) drugs. However, conventional methods that consider known drug uptake characteristics have failed at identifying the responsible transporter molecule. The present study aimed at identifying aripiprazole uptake transporters in BBB model hCMEC/D3 cells using a knockdown screening study targeting various transporters, including uncharacterized ones. METHODS We evaluated the effect of 214 types of siRNA targeting transporters on the uptake of aripiprazole, an atypical antipsychotic drug, in hCMEC/D3 cells. Aripiprazole uptake was determined using Xenopus oocytes expressing the candidate genes extracted from the siRNA screening assay. RESULTS The estimated unbound brain to plasma concentration ratio (Kp,uu,brain) of aripiprazole was estimated as 0.67 in wild-type mice and 1.94 in abcb1a/1b/abcg2 knockout mice, suggesting the involvement of both uptake and efflux transporters in BBB permeation. According to siRNA knockdown screening studies, organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 (OCTN2) and long-chain fatty acid transporter 1 (FATP1) were identified as candidate genes. The uptake of aripiprazole by hCMEC/D3 cells was decreased by OCTN2 inhibitors, but not by FATP1 inhibitors. A partially increased uptake of aripiprazole was observed in OCTN2-expressing Xenopus oocytes. Finally, to evaluate transporter-mediated BBB permeation of drugs, the reported and estimated Kp,uu,brain values were summarized. CONCLUSIONS A knockdown screening study in combination with Kp,uu,brain values showed that aripiprazole was a potential substrate of OCTN2. The technique described in this study can be applied to identifying novel BBB transporters for CNS drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moeno Kadoguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Arakawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ryokichi Honda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hotta
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Shirasaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Deguchi
- Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Ikumi Tamai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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2
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Molecular mechanisms of anti-psychotic drugs for improvement of cancer treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 856:172402. [PMID: 31108054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Anti-psychotic medications are widely used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Besides their medical applications, anti-psychotic drugs have other pharmacological properties which are involved in multiple intracellular functions including metabolism, cell stress, cell-cycle regulation, survival and apoptosis through modulation of cellular signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β, STAT3 and wingless (Wnt)-related intracellular signaling. Also, anti-psychotics counteract the growth of tumor cells by stimulating the cellular immune system and natural killer cells. On the other hand, the positive charge and the lipophilicity of anti-psychotics have significant roles in the inhibition of P-gp pumps resulting in accumulation of chemotherapy drugs as well as increasing the cellular susceptibility to chemotherapy, autophagy, angiogenesis inhibition, stem cells differentiation induction and changing the expression of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. Overall, anti-psychotics are able to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells through modulation of different cellular pathways. Anti-psychotics act as anti-cancer drugs and besides can increase the efficacy of anti-cancer agents in cancer cells. In this study, the anti-cancer effects of different anti-psychotic medicines on various malignant tumor cells and their molecular mechanisms have been discussed.
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Kibathi LW, Bae S, Penzak SR, Kumar P. Potential Influence of Centrally Acting Herbal Drugs on Transporters at the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier and Blood-Brain Barrier. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2019; 43:619-635. [PMID: 29858835 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-018-0486-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Complementary and alternative medications (CAM) with known or suspected pharmacologic activity in the central nervous system (CNS) are common. These herbal preparations may cause clinically significant drug-drug interactions (DDIs) when coadministered with medications that act in the CNS. This can result in negative outcomes such as toxicity or loss of efficacy. Most drug interaction reports with CAM focus on cytochrome P450 (CYP) modulation. However, drug interactions between CAM and conventional medications may occur via mechanisms other than CYP inhibition or induction; in particular, modulation of drug transport proteins represents an important mechanism by which such interactions may occur. This article provides an updated review of transporter-mediated mechanisms by which herbal products may theoretically interact with centrally acting medications at the blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier. Further research is required before the true clinical impact of interactions involving modulation of centrally located membrane transporters can be fully understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian W Kibathi
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Research Unit, Clinical Center Pharmacy Department, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - SoHyun Bae
- University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Scott R Penzak
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, University of North Texas System, College of Pharmacy, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd-RES 302B, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA.
| | - Parag Kumar
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Research Unit, Clinical Center Pharmacy Department, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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Rafaniello C, Sessa M, Bernardi FF, Pozzi M, Cheli S, Cattaneo D, Baldelli S, Molteni M, Bernardini R, Rossi F, Clementi E, Bravaccio C, Radice S, Capuano A. The predictive value of ABCB1, ABCG2, CYP3A4/5 and CYP2D6 polymorphisms for risperidone and aripiprazole plasma concentrations and the occurrence of adverse drug reactions. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2017; 18:422-430. [PMID: 28719598 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2017.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated in ninety Caucasian pediatric patients the impact of the main polymorphisms occurring in CYP3A, CYP2D6, ABCB1 and ABCG2 genes on second-generation antipsychotics plasma concentrations, and their association with the occurrence of adverse drug reactions. Patients with the CA/AA ABCG2 genotype had a statistically significant lower risperidone plasma concentration/dose ratio (Ct/ds) (P-value: 0.007) and an higher estimated marginal probability of developing metabolism and nutrition disorders as compared to the ABCG2 c.421 non-CA/AA genotypes (P-value: 0.008). Multivariate analysis revealed that the ABCG2 c.421 CA/AA genotype was found associated to a higher hazard (P-value: 0.004) of developing adverse drug reactions classified as metabolism and nutrition disorders. The ABCB1 2677TT/3435TT genotype had a statistically significant lower aripiprazole Ct/ds if compared with patients with others ABCB1 genotypes (P-value: 0.026). Information obtained on ABCB1 and ABCG2 gene variants may result useful to tailor treatments with these drugs in Caucasian pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rafaniello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - M Sessa
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - F F Bernardi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - M Pozzi
- Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - S Cheli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, L. Sacco University Hospital, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - D Cattaneo
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, L. Sacco University Hospital, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - S Baldelli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, L. Sacco University Hospital, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Molteni
- Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - R Bernardini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Section of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - F Rossi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - E Clementi
- Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, L. Sacco University Hospital, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - C Bravaccio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Neuropsychiatry, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - S Radice
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, L. Sacco University Hospital, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A Capuano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Chen J, Zheng H, Zeng S, Xie C, Li X, Yan T, Gong X, Lu L, Qi X, Wang Y, Hu M, Zhu L, Liu Z. Profiles and Gender-Specifics of UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases and Sulfotransferases Expressions in the Major Metabolic Organs of Wild-Type and Efflux Transporter Knockout FVB Mice. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:2967-2976. [PMID: 28661152 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic and extrahepatic tissues participate in xenobiotic detoxication, carcinogen activation, prodrug processing, and estrogen regulation through UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs/Ugts) and sulfotransferases (SULTs/Sults). Wild-type (WT) and efflux transporter knockout (KO) FVB mice have been commonly used to perform the studies of pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and toxicity. We employed the developed UHPLC-MS/MS approach to gain systematic insight on gender-specific of Ugts and Sults in major metabolic organs. Results showed that the liver was the most abundant with Ugts/Sults, followed by the small intestine and the kidney. In the liver, Ugt2b5, Ugt2b1, Ugt1a6a, Ugt1a1, Sult1a1, and Sult1d1 were the major isoforms. The protein amounts of Ugt1a9 were significantly higher in male efflux transporter KO mice than in WT mice, whereas Ugt1a5 and Sult1a1 severely decreased in female efflux transporter KO mice. In WT and efflux transporter KO mice, the expression levels of Ugt1a1, Ugt1a5, Sult1a1, Sult1d1, and Sult3a1 were female-specific, whereas those of Ugt2b1, Ugt2b5, and Ugt2b36 were male-specific. In the small intestine, Ugt1a1, Sult1b1, and Sult2b1 were the major isoforms. The protein levels and gender differences of Ugts/Sults were obviously affected when KO of Mdr1a, and Bcrp1, Mrp1, Mrp2, and Mdr1a, respectively. The KO of efflux transporter affected the protein amounts of Ugts/Sults in the kidney, heart, and spleen. Therefore, a better understanding of the expression profiles and gender-specific of Ugts and Sults in major metabolic organs of WT and efflux transporter KO mice is useful for the evaluation of potential efficacy, and toxicity of corresponding substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Chen
- International Institute for Translation Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Haihui Zheng
- International Institute for Translation Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Sijing Zeng
- International Institute for Translation Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Cong Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 1838, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- International Institute for Translation Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Tongmeng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau (SAR), China
| | - Xia Gong
- International Institute for Translation Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Linlin Lu
- International Institute for Translation Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qi
- International Institute for Translation Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Ying Wang
- International Institute for Translation Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Ming Hu
- International Institute for Translation Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.,Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston , 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Lijun Zhu
- International Institute for Translation Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- International Institute for Translation Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau (SAR), China
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