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Du M, Muhuza MPU, Tang Y, Chen Y, Chen D, Zhang L, Liang Z. Maternal Height Is an Independent Risk of Adverse Outcomes in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Ther 2024; 15:461-472. [PMID: 38104305 PMCID: PMC10838893 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-023-01512-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maternal height has been shown to be associated with adverse outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between maternal height and adverse outcomes stratified for gestational weight gain (GWG) and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) in women with GDM. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study that included 2048 women diagnosed with GDM during 24-28 gestational weeks from July 1, 2017, to June 30, 2018, in Zhejiang Province, China. Demographic data, maternal characteristics and pregnancy complications were extracted from medical records. Maternal height was divided into three categories by tertiles. Chi-square was used to evaluate categorical data while one-way ANOVA was utilized to analyze continuous variables. The relationship between maternal height and adverse outcomes was examined using logistic regression. RESULTS We found that shorter women had higher rates of low birth weight (LBW) (p = 0.003) and primary cesarean section (primary CS) (p < 0.001) while taller women had higher rates of abnormal neonatal ponderal index (p < 0.001), postpartum hemorrhage (p = 0.044) and macrosomia (p < 0.001). In taller women who had excess GWG, maternal height was positively associated with the risk of macrosomia (aOR 1.97, 95% CI 0.95-4.10). In shorter women who had inadequate GWG, maternal height was significantly associated with LBW (aOR 2.20, 95% CI 1.13-4.29) and primary CS (aOR 2.08, 95% CI 1.38-3.12). Maternal height was a protective factor of postpartum hemorrhage (aOR 0.15, 95% CI 0.03-0.72) in shorter women with excess GWG. In women with normal pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal height was positively associated with LBW (aOR 2.00, 95% CI 1.15-3.49) and primary CS (aOR 1.71, 95% CI 1.28-2.28) in shorter women while it was negatively associated with the risk of abnormal neonatal ponderal index in both shorter and taller women compared to average height women (aOR 0.71, 95% CI 0.55-0.92; aOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.51-0.85). CONCLUSION The association between maternal height and adverse pregnancy outcomes varies with pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG in GDM women. Taking maternal height, pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG into account and using personalized prenatal management may reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengkai Du
- Obstetrical Department, School of Medicine, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | | | - Yibo Tang
- Obstetrical Department, School of Medicine, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yanmin Chen
- Obstetrical Department, School of Medicine, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Danqing Chen
- Obstetrical Department, School of Medicine, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Obstetrical Department, School of Medicine, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Zhaoxia Liang
- Obstetrical Department, School of Medicine, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Naskovica K, Amdur Zilberfarb I, Lowenstein L, Frank Wolf M. Relations between maternal height, shoe size, and the success of vaginal delivery in birth weight over 4000 g. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2024; 63:64-67. [PMID: 38216271 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2023.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Macrosomia is associated with increased risk of fetal and maternal complications such as trauma during birth, cesarean delivery, postpartum hemorrhage, and shoulder dystocia. Sonographic estimation of fetal weight is imprecise particularly in excessively large fetuses, prompting the need for additional measures to assess the feasibility of vaginal delivery of a macrosomic newborn and thus improve prenatal consultation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective case-control study included women who delivered a singleton macrosomic newborn (birth weight>4,000 g), either vaginally (N = 762) or by urgent cesarean delivery during labor (N = 109). Using multivariable analysis, we examined correlations of maternal height≥170 cm and shoe size≥40 with successful vaginal delivery. RESULTS Women who delivered vaginally had lower mean intrapartum BMI (p < 0.001) and lower rate of gestational diabetes (p = 0.003). Women with a shoe size≥40 were 2.2 times more likely to give birth vaginally. Cesarean section rate was 5.9 % among women with height≥170 cm and shoe size≥40; and 16.5 % among women with height<170 cm and shoe size<40. Multivariable analysis, adjusted for gestational diabetes, parity, and BMI, revealed that shoe size≥40 and maternal height≥170 cm correlated with success in vaginal delivery, OR = 3.1 (95%CI 1.3-7.3, p = 0.009). CONCLUSION Shoe size and maternal height may help predict success of vaginal birth of the macrosomic newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Naskovica
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Inna Amdur Zilberfarb
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Lior Lowenstein
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Maya Frank Wolf
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel.
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Azcorra H, Rodríguez L, Banik SD, Bogin B, Varela-Silva MI, Dickinson F. Caesarean birth and adiposity parameters in 6- to 8-year-old urban Maya children from two cities of Yucatan, Mexico. Am J Hum Biol 2019; 31:e23217. [PMID: 30706581 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between birth mode and fat mass index (FMI = fat mass [kg]/height [m]2 ), and z-score values of waist circumference (WCZ) and sum of triceps and subscapular skinfolds (SumSkfZ) in a sample of 256 6- to 8-year-old urban Maya children from the cities of Merida and Motul in Yucatan, Mexico. METHODS From September 2011 to January 2014, we measured height, weight, waist circumference and skinfolds in children, and height and weight in their mothers. Body composition was estimated in both generations through bioelectrical impedance analysis. Data on children's birth mode and birth weight were obtained from birth certificates. A pre-validated questionnaire for mothers was used regarding household living conditions. Multiple regression models were used to analyze the association between birth mode and adiposity parameters, adjusting for the effect of place of residence, household crowding index, children's birth weight, and maternal fat mass. Separate regression models were run for boys and girls. RESULTS Caesarean-born children comprised 43% of the entire sample. Caesarean section (CS) was found to be associated with higher values of body adiposity in girls, but not in boys. Specifically, our models predicted that girls born by CS had an increased value of 0.817 kg/m2 in FMI and showed higher SDs values for WCZ and SumskfZ (0.29 and 0.32 SD, respectively) than girls who were delivered vaginally. DISCUSSION Our results support the hypothesis that CS is associated with increased levels of adiposity in childhood, but only in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Azcorra
- Departamento de Ecología Humana, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Luis Rodríguez
- Facultad de Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Sudip Datta Banik
- Departamento de Ecología Humana, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Barry Bogin
- Centre for Global Health and Human Development, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Ines Varela-Silva
- Centre for Global Health and Human Development, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, United Kingdom
| | - Federico Dickinson
- Departamento de Ecología Humana, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
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Tan PS, Tan JKH, Tan EL, Tan LK. Comparison of Caesarean sections and instrumental deliveries at full cervical dilatation: a retrospective review. Singapore Med J 2018; 60:75-79. [PMID: 29670996 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2018040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to compare instrumental vaginal deliveries (IDs) and Caesarean sections (CSs) performed at full cervical dilatation, including factors influencing delivery and differences in maternal and neonatal outcomes. METHODS A retrospective review was conducted of patients who experienced a prolonged second stage of labour at Singapore General Hospital from 2010 to 2012. A comparison between CS and ID was made through analysis of maternal/neonatal characteristics and peripartum outcomes. RESULTS Of 253 patients who required intervention for a prolonged second stage of labour, 71 (28.1%) underwent CS and 182 (71.9%) underwent ID. 5 (2.0%) of the patients who underwent CS had failed ID. Of the maternal characteristics considered, ethnicity was significantly different. Induction of labour and intrapartum epidural did not influence delivery type. 70.4% of CSs occurred outside office hours, compared with 52.7% of IDs (p = 0.011). CS patients experienced a longer second stage of labour (p < 0.001). Babies born via CS were heavier (p < 0.001), while the ID group had a higher proportion of occipitoanterior presentations (p < 0.001). Estimated maternal blood loss was higher with CSs (p < 0.001), but neonatal outcomes were similar. CONCLUSION More than one in four parturients requiring intervention for a prolonged second stage of labour underwent emergency CS. Low failed instrumentation rates and larger babies in the CS group suggest accurate diagnoses of cephalopelvic disproportion. The higher incidence of CS after hours suggests trainee reluctance to attempt ID. There were no clinically significant differences in maternal and neonatal morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Shan Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jarrod Kah Hwee Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Eng Loy Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Lay Kok Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
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Arendt E, Singh NS, Campbell OMR. Effect of maternal height on caesarean section and neonatal mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa: An analysis of 34 national datasets. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192167. [PMID: 29408912 PMCID: PMC5800647 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale The lifecycle perspective reminds us that the roots of adult ill-health may start in-utero or in early childhood. Nutritional and infectious disease insults in early life, the critical first 1000 days, are associated with stunting in childhood, and subsequent short adult stature. There is limited or no opportunity for stunted children above 2 years of age to experience catch-up growth. Some previous research has shown short maternal height to lead to adverse birth outcomes. In this paper, we document the association between maternal height and caesarean section, and between maternal height and neonatal mortality in 34 sub-Saharan African countries. We also explore the appropriate height cut-offs to use. Our paper contributes arguments to support a focus on preventing non-communicable risk factors, namely early childhood under-nutrition, as part of the fight to reduce caesarean section rates and other adverse maternal and newborn health outcomes, particularly neonatal mortality. We focus on the Sub-Saharan Africa region because it carries the highest burden of maternal and neonatal ill-health. Methods We used the most recent Demographic and Health Survey for 34 sub-Saharan African countries. The distribution of heights of women who had given birth in the 5 years before the survey was explored. We adopted the following cut-offs: Very Short (<145.0cm), Short (145.0–149.9cm), Short-average (150.0–154.9cm), Average (155.0–159.9cm), Average-tall (160.0–169.9cm) and Tall (≥170.0cm). Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the contribution of maternal stature to the odds ratio of caesarean section delivery, adjusting for other exposures, such as age at index birth, residence, maternal BMI, maternal education, wealth index quintile, previous caesarean section, multiple birth, birth order and country of survey. We also look at its contribution to neonatal mortality adjusting for age at index birth, residence, maternal BMI, maternal education, wealth index quintile, multiple birth, birth order and country of survey. Results There was a gradual increase in the rate of caesarean section with decreasing maternal height. Compared to women of Average height (155.0–159.9cm), taller women were protected. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for Tall women was 0.67 (95% CI:0.52–0.87) and for Average-tall women was 0.78 (95% CI:0.69–0.89). Compared to women of Average height, shorter women were at increased risk. The aOR for Short-average women was 1.19 (95% CI:1.03–1.37), for Short women was 2.06 (95% CI:1.71–2.48), and for Very Short women was 2.50 (95% CI:1.85–3.38). There was evidence that compared to Average height women, Very Short and Short women had increased odds of experiencing a neonatal death aOR = 1.95 (95% CI 1.17–3.25) and aOR = 1.66 (95% CI 1.20–2.28) respectively. When we focused on the period of highest risk, the day of delivery and first postnatal day, these aORs increased to 2.36 (95% CI 1.57–3.55) and 2.34 (95% CI 1.19–4.60) respectively. The aORs for the first week of life (early neonatal mortality) were 1.90 (95% CI 1.07–3.36) and 1.83 (95% CI 1.30–2.59) respectively. Conclusions Short stature is associated with an increased prevalence of caesarean section and neonatal mortality, particularly on the newborn’s first days. These results are even more striking because we know that caesarean section rates tend to be higher among wealthier and more educated women, who are often taller and that the same patterns may hold for neonatal survival; in such cases, adjusting for wealth, education and urban residence would attenuate these associations. Caesarean sections can be lifesaving operations; however, they cost the health system and families more, and are associated with worse health outcomes. We suggest that our findings be used to argue for policies targeting stunting in infant girls and potential catch-up growth in adolescence and early adulthood, aiming to increase their adult height and thus decrease their subsequent risk of experiencing caesarean section and adverse birth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Arendt
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Neha S. Singh
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Oona M. R. Campbell
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Risk Factors for Shoulder Dystocia: the Impact of Mother's Race and Ethnicity. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2017; 5:333-341. [PMID: 28447275 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-017-0374-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Shoulder dystocia is a rare but severe birth trauma where the neonate's shoulders fail to deliver after delivery of the head. Failure to deliver the shoulders quickly can lead to severe, long-term injury to the infant, including nerve injury, skeletal fractures, and potentially death. This observational study examined shoulder dystocia risk factors by race and ethnicity using a sample of 19,236 pregnant women who presented for labor and delivery from July 1, 2010 until June 30, 2013 at five locations. Multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors associated with shoulder dystocia occurrence in racial/ethnic groups with high incidence rates. For White non-Hispanic mothers, the strongest risk factors were delivering past 40 weeks' gestation (odds ratio [OR] = 2.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.5, 3.9; p < .01) and use of epidural anesthesia during delivery (OR = 4.4; 95% CI = 3.0, 6.4; p < .01). Among Black non-Hispanic mothers, the risk factors with the greatest impact were use of epidural (OR = 5.3; 95% CI = 3.2, 8.7; p < .01) and having gestational diabetes and controlling the condition with insulin (OR = 4.6; 95% CI = 1.5, 13.8; p < .01). Additionally, among Hispanic mothers, having Spanish as primary language increased shoulder dystocia likelihood compared to those who did not cite it as their primary language (OR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.1, 4.6; p < .05). This study provides evidence that risk factors for a labor and delivery condition can vary significantly across racial and ethnic subgroups. These differences emphasize the importance of evaluating risk by population subgroups and might provide a basis for labor and delivery clinicians to enhance personalized medicine to reduce adverse events.
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Tudela F, Gupta S, Rebarber A, Saltzman DH, Klauser CK, Fox NS. The association between maternal height and pregnancy outcomes in twin gestations. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016; 29:3796-9. [PMID: 26918462 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2016.1145649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to assess the association between maternal height and the risk of preterm birth, fetal growth restriction and mode of delivery in twin gestations. STUDY DESIGN Cohort study of patients with twin pregnancies delivered from 2005 to 2014. We compared pregnancy outcomes between patients of short stature ≤159 cm to those of normal stature ≥160 cm. Patients with monoamniotic twins and major fetal anomalies were excluded. Pearson's correlation, Chi-square and Student's t-test were used as appropriate. RESULTS Six hundred and sixty-six patients were included, 159 (23.9%) of whom had short stature (mean height 155.8 ± 2.5 cm) and 507 (76.1%) of whom had normal stature (mean height 167.2 ± 5.5 cm). There were no differences in outcomes between the groups in regards to preterm birth, gestational age (GA) at delivery, birth weight of either twin, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes or cesarean section rate. Results were similar when the groups were stratified by parity. As a continuous variable, maternal height did not correlate with GA at delivery (p= 0.388), cesarean delivery (p = 0.522) nor the birth weight of the larger (p = 0.206) or smaller (p = 0.307) twin. CONCLUSION In twin pregnancies, maternal short stature is not associated with preterm birth, fetal growth restriction or cesarean section rate. This suggests that although anthropometric measurements have long been used to counsel patients in regards to outcomes, patients of short stature should be reassured that their height does not appear to lead to adverse twin pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Tudela
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA and
| | - Simi Gupta
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA and.,b Maternal Fetal Medicine Associates, PLLC , New York , NY , USA
| | - Andrei Rebarber
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA and.,b Maternal Fetal Medicine Associates, PLLC , New York , NY , USA
| | - Daniel H Saltzman
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA and.,b Maternal Fetal Medicine Associates, PLLC , New York , NY , USA
| | - Chad K Klauser
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA and.,b Maternal Fetal Medicine Associates, PLLC , New York , NY , USA
| | - Nathan S Fox
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA and.,b Maternal Fetal Medicine Associates, PLLC , New York , NY , USA
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Munabi IG, Luboga SA, Mirembe F. A cross sectional study evaluating screening using maternal anthropometric measurements for outcomes of childbirth in Ugandan mothers at term. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:205. [PMID: 26032185 PMCID: PMC4467626 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1183-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Birth related newborn and maternal mortality/morbidity remains high in most of sub-Saharan Africa compared to the rest of the world. In this low income region there is a need for valid, low cost, easy to use mass screening tests. This study looked at the screening value of maternal: height, weight and pelvis height, for assessing the outcomes of parturition in Ugandan mothers at term. METHODS This was a multi site cross-sectional study on mothers with singleton pregnancies in labour at various hospitals in different parts of Uganda. A summary of the details of the pregnancy, maternal height, weight and the delivery record were captured and analysed to generate descriptive and inferential (multilevel logistic regression analysis) and diagnostic (Receiver Operator Curve analysis) statistics. RESULTS We recruited 1146 mothers from all the study sites during the study period of whom 987 (86.13%) had normal deliveries and healthy babies. Mothers with adverse outcomes included 107 mothers that had caesarean section and 52 mothers who had vaginal deliveries with foetal Apgar score of ≤7 at 5 min of whom 11 had fresh still births. Maternal height (Adj OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94-1.00) and maternal pelvis height (Adj OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.61-0.86) were significantly associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. The combination of maternal: height (<150 cm), weight (>55.7 kg) and pelvis height (>8.95 cm) had the best diagnostic value with a combined area under the curve of 0.60. CONCLUSIONS It was observed that an increase in either maternal pelvis height or maternal height was associated with a significant reduction in adverse pregnancy outcomes. The cut off values of all three evaluated maternal anthropometric measurements were of low test accuracy as screening tests even when used together. Further research is needed to develop low cost screening tools for use in low income settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian G Munabi
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, New Mulago Hospital Complex, P. O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Samuel Abilemech Luboga
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, New Mulago Hospital Complex, P. O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Florence Mirembe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, New Mulago Hospital Complex, Kampala, Uganda.
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Harper LM, Odibo AO, Stamilio DM, Macones GA. Radiographic measures of the mid pelvis to predict cesarean delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2013; 208:460.e1-6. [PMID: 23467050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine whether x-ray measures of the mid pelvis can be used to predict cesarean delivery. STUDY DESIGN Women were enrolled prospectively; x-ray pelvimetry was performed after delivery; the readers were blinded to the outcome. Groups were determined by mid pelvis measures (transverse diameter, anteroposterior diameter, and circumference ≤ 10th percentile. The primary outcome was cesarean delivery. Univariable, stratified, and multivariable analyses were performed to estimate the effect of mid pelvis measures on cesarean delivery. Receiver operator characteristics curves were created to estimate the predictive value of mid pelvis measures of cesarean delivery. RESULTS Four hundred twenty-six women were included. Subjects with anteroposterior diameter or circumference ≤ 10th percentile were at greater risk of cesarean delivery (risk ratio for anteroposterior diameter, 4.8; 95% confidence interval, 3.9-5.8; risk ratio for circumference ≤ 10th percentile, 3.8; 95% confidence interval, 3.1-4.8). Transverse diameter ≤ 10th percentile was not associated with an increased risk of cesarean delivery. The area under the receiver operator characteristics curves for anteroposterior diameter, circumference ≤ 10th percentile, and transverse diameter were 0.88, 0.85, and 0.69, respectively (P < .01). CONCLUSION Simple radiographic measures of the mid pelvis on x-ray can provide a useful adjunct to clinical information in the determination of who should attempt a vaginal delivery.
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