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Yang J, Griffin A, Qiang Z, Ren J. Organelle-targeted therapies: a comprehensive review on system design for enabling precision oncology. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:379. [PMID: 36402753 PMCID: PMC9675787 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01243-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major threat to human health. Among various treatment methods, precision therapy has received significant attention since the inception, due to its ability to efficiently inhibit tumor growth, while curtailing common shortcomings from conventional cancer treatment, leading towards enhanced survival rates. Particularly, organelle-targeted strategies enable precise accumulation of therapeutic agents in organelles, locally triggering organelle-mediated cell death signals which can greatly reduce the therapeutic threshold dosage and minimize side-effects. In this review, we comprehensively discuss history and recent advances in targeted therapies on organelles, specifically including nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes and endoplasmic reticulum, while focusing on organelle structures, organelle-mediated cell death signal pathways, and design guidelines of organelle-targeted nanomedicines based on intervention mechanisms. Furthermore, a perspective on future research and clinical opportunities and potential challenges in precision oncology is presented. Through demonstrating recent developments in organelle-targeted therapies, we believe this article can further stimulate broader interests in multidisciplinary research and technology development for enabling advanced organelle-targeted nanomedicines and their corresponding clinic translations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Yang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Institute of Nano and Biopolymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 201804 Shanghai, China
| | - Anthony Griffin
- grid.267193.80000 0001 2295 628XSchool of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA
| | - Zhe Qiang
- grid.267193.80000 0001 2295 628XSchool of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA
| | - Jie Ren
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Institute of Nano and Biopolymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 201804 Shanghai, China
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Li RS, Wen C, Huang CZ, Li N. Functional molecules and nano-materials for the Golgi apparatus-targeted imaging and therapy. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zhang M, Xu N, Xu W, Ling G, Zhang P. Potential therapies and diagnosis based on Golgi-targeted nano drug delivery systems. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:105861. [PMID: 34464677 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, organelle-targeted nano drug delivery systems (NDDSs) have emerged as a potential method which can transport drugs specifically to the subcellular compartments like nucleus, mitochondrion, lysosome, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus (GA). GA not only plays a key role in receiving, modifying, packaging and transporting proteins and lipids, but also contributes to a set of cellular processes. Golgi-targeted NDDSs can alter the morphology of GA and will become a promising strategy with high specificity, low-dose administration and decreased occurrence of side effects. In this review, Golgi-targeted NDDSs and their applications in disease therapies and diagnosis such as cancer, metastasis, fibrosis and neurological diseases are introduced. Meanwhile, modifications of NDDSs to achieve targeting strategies, Golgi-disturbing agents to change the morphology of GA, special endocytosis to achieve endosomal/lysosomal escape strategies are also involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyue Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Na Xu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wenxin Xu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Guixia Ling
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Read E, Fu M, Pei Y, Wu L, Wang R, Yang G. Golgi Stress Response, Hydrogen Sulfide Metabolism, and Intracellular Calcium Homeostasis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:583-601. [PMID: 31870162 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aims: The physiological and pathological importance of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as a novel gasotransmitter has been widely recognized. Cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) is one of the major H2S-producing enzymes and it regulates diverse functions in connection with intracellular calcium (Ca2+). The aim of this study is to examine the role of H2S in Golgi stress-related cell injury and skeletal muscle disorders. Results: Golgi stressors (brefeldin A [BFA] and monensin) decreased the expression of GM130 and ATP2C1 (two markers of Golgi stress response), induced Golgi apparatus fragmentation, and caused a higher level of oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in mouse myoblast cells. In addition, Golgi stressors upregulated CSE expression and endogenous H2S generation, and exogenously applied H2S was able to protect but inhibition of CSE/H2S system deteriorated Golgi stress response. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) acted as an upstream molecule to increase CSE expression on Golgi stress response. Mechanically, Golgi stressors induced intracellular level of Ca2+, and chelating cellular Ca2+ markedly attenuated Golgi stress response, indicating the key role of Ca2+ in initiating Golgi stress and cell apoptosis. Further, administration of either angiotensin II or BFA initiated Golgi stress response and induced skeletal muscle atrophy in mice, which was further deteriorated by CSE deficiency but rescued by exogenously applied sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS). Innovation and Conclusion: The activation of the CSE/H2S pathway and the decrease of intracellular Ca2+ are two cellular protective mechanisms against Golgi stress, and the CSE/H2S system would be a target for preventing skeletal muscle dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Yuehong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Ethan Read
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Ming Fu
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,School of Human Kinetics, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Yanxi Pei
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,School of Human Kinetics, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Rui Wang
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Guangdong Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
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Lu L, Zhou Q, Chen Z, Chen L. The significant role of the Golgi apparatus in cardiovascular diseases. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2911-2919. [PMID: 28574583 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus (GA) is a ribbon-like system of stacks which consist of multiple closely apposed flattened cisternae and vesicles usually localized in the juxta-nuclear area. As for the biological functions, the GA plays a major role in protein biosynthesis, post-translational modification, and sorting protein from ER to plasma membrane and other destinations. Structural changes and functional disorder of the GA is associated with various diseases. Moreover, increasing evidence revealed that swelling, poor development, and other morphological alterations of the GA are linked to cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure (HF), arrhythmia, and dilated cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, dysfunction of the GA is also related to cardiovascular diseases since the GA is extremely responsible for transport, glycosylation, biosynthesis, and subcellular distribution of cardiovascular proteins. This review gives a brief overview of the intricate relationship between the GA and cardiovascular diseases. In addition, we provide a further prospective that the GA may provide diagnosis reference for cardiovascular diseases, and changes in the ultrastructure and morphology of the GA such as swelling, poor development, and fragmentation may serve as a reliable index for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Lu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Qun Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Linxi Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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