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Villegas-Hernández LE, Dubey V, Nystad M, Tinguely JC, Coucheron DA, Dullo FT, Priyadarshi A, Acuña S, Ahmad A, Mateos JM, Barmettler G, Ziegler U, Birgisdottir ÅB, Hovd AMK, Fenton KA, Acharya G, Agarwal K, Ahluwalia BS. Chip-based multimodal super-resolution microscopy for histological investigations of cryopreserved tissue sections. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:43. [PMID: 35210400 PMCID: PMC8873254 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00731-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Histology involves the observation of structural features in tissues using a microscope. While diffraction-limited optical microscopes are commonly used in histological investigations, their resolving capabilities are insufficient to visualize details at subcellular level. Although a novel set of super-resolution optical microscopy techniques can fulfill the resolution demands in such cases, the system complexity, high operating cost, lack of multi-modality, and low-throughput imaging of these methods limit their wide adoption for histological analysis. In this study, we introduce the photonic chip as a feasible high-throughput microscopy platform for super-resolution imaging of histological samples. Using cryopreserved ultrathin tissue sections of human placenta, mouse kidney, pig heart, and zebrafish eye retina prepared by the Tokuyasu method, we demonstrate diverse imaging capabilities of the photonic chip including total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, intensity fluctuation-based optical nanoscopy, single-molecule localization microscopy, and correlative light-electron microscopy. Our results validate the photonic chip as a feasible imaging platform for tissue sections and pave the way for the adoption of super-resolution high-throughput multimodal analysis of cryopreserved tissue samples both in research and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis E Villegas-Hernández
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Klokkargårdsbakken N-9019, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Vishesh Dubey
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Klokkargårdsbakken N-9019, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Mona Nystad
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Women's Health and Perinatology Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jean-Claude Tinguely
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Klokkargårdsbakken N-9019, Tromsø, Norway
| | - David A Coucheron
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Klokkargårdsbakken N-9019, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Firehun T Dullo
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Klokkargårdsbakken N-9019, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anish Priyadarshi
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Klokkargårdsbakken N-9019, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Sebastian Acuña
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Klokkargårdsbakken N-9019, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Azeem Ahmad
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Klokkargårdsbakken N-9019, Tromsø, Norway
| | - José M Mateos
- Center for Microscopy and Image Analysis, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gery Barmettler
- Center for Microscopy and Image Analysis, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Urs Ziegler
- Center for Microscopy and Image Analysis, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Åsa Birna Birgisdottir
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Cardiovascular Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Aud-Malin Karlsson Hovd
- Department of Medical Biology, RNA and Molecular Pathology Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kristin Andreassen Fenton
- Department of Medical Biology, RNA and Molecular Pathology Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ganesh Acharya
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Women's Health and Perinatology Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Krishna Agarwal
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Klokkargårdsbakken N-9019, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Balpreet Singh Ahluwalia
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Klokkargårdsbakken N-9019, Tromsø, Norway.
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Vallés-Saiz L, Peinado-Cahuchola R, Ávila J, Hernández F. Microtubule-associated protein tau in murine kidney: role in podocyte architecture. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:97. [PMID: 35084555 PMCID: PMC8794918 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04106-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tau is a cytoskeletal protein that is expressed mainly in neurons and is involved in several cellular processes, such as microtubule stabilization, axonal maintenance, and transport. Altered tau metabolism is related to different tauopathies being the most important Alzheimer's disease where aberrant hyperphosphorylated and aggregated tau is found in the central nervous system. Here, we have analyzed that function in kidney by using tau knockout mice generated by integrating GFP-encoding cDNA into exon 1 of MAPT (here referred to as TauGFP/GFP). IVIS Lumina from PerkinElmer demonstrated GFP expression in the kidney. We then demonstrated by qPCR that the main tau isoform in the kidney is Tau4R. The GFP reporter allowed us to demonstrate that tau is found in the glomeruli of the renal cortex, and specifically in podocytes. This was further confirmed by immunohistochemistry. TauGFP/GFP mice present a podocyte cytoskeleton more dynamic as they contain higher levels of detyrosinated tubulin than wild-type mice. In addition, transmission electron microscopy studies demonstrated glomerular damage with a decrease in urinary creatinine. Our results prove that tau has an important role in kidney metabolism under normal physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vallés-Saiz
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC/UAM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocio Peinado-Cahuchola
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC/UAM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Ávila
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC/UAM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Hernández
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC/UAM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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[The relevance of electron microscopy in kidney biopsies to 21 st century pathology]. REVISTA ESPAÑOLA DE PATOLOGÍA : PUBLICACIÓN OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE ANATOMÍA PATOLÓGICA Y DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE CITOLOGÍA 2021; 54:234-241. [PMID: 34544553 DOI: 10.1016/j.patol.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Electron microscopy (EM) has been used in the study of renal biopsies for more than 5 decades; however, it is expensive and the possibility of restricting it to selected cases has been considered. This study aims to reevaluate the necessity for EM in the diagnosis of renal biopsies today. MATERIAL AND METHODS All renal biopsies taken between 2016 and 2019 with adequate light microscopy (LM), immunofluorescence (IF) and EM studies were included. The initial diagnosis (without EM) and the final diagnosis (with EM) was recorded. EM was considered necessary in cases in which the initial and final diagnoses did not concur, when diagnosis could not be made with LM and IF only or if the EM study revealed further clinically relevant findings. RESULTS A total of 621 biopsies were included, 498 (80.2%) of native kidneys and 123 (19.8%) of transplanted kidneys. In 115 cases (18.5%) EM had been deemed necessary for diagnosis; it was required more frequently in hereditary diseases (96.8%) and isolated hematuria (88.9%) but less often in nephrotic syndrome (6.7%) and renal transplant biopsy (5.7%) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS EM was required in less than a fifth of renal biopsies, being more necessary in isolated hematuria and hereditary diseases and less so in nephrotic syndrome and in renal graft biopsies. These findings may prove useful as a guide to case selection protocols in which EM could be considered as a non-mandatory technique.
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Arslansoyu Camlar S, Ünlü M, Soylu A, Karaca D, Sarioglu S, Kavukcu S. Contribution of Electron Microscopy to the Clinicopathologic Diagnosis in Childhood Glomerular Renal Diseases. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2019; 38:299-306. [PMID: 30942128 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2019.1587119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background: Electron microscopy (EM) provides another diagnostic assessment of glomerular lesions in addition to light and fluorescent microscopy. Objectives: We evaluated the contribution of diagnostic EM in childhood glomerular diseases. Patients and methods: Forty-eight renal biopsies which were assessed by EM between 2000 and 2014 were evaluated. Results: There were 21 (44%) females and 27 (56%) males, ages ranged between 6 and 204 months. EM findings were compatible with light and immunofluorescence microscopy in 65%, made additional contributions to diagnosis in 31% (especially in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, Alport disease, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, dense deposit disease, thin basement membrane disease, and nephronophthisis), and was non-contributory in 4%. Conclusion: Electron microscopic evaluation supports other histopathological diagnoses in most cases, contributes additional diagnostic information in pediatric glomerular disease, especially in FSGS, thin glomerular basement membrane nephropathy, Alport disease, MPGN, and dense deposit disease, and its utilization should clinically justify the increase in cost and testing time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Secil Arslansoyu Camlar
- a Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Tip Fakultesi , Izmir 35210 , Turkey
| | - Mehtat Ünlü
- b Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Tip Fakultesi , Izmir 35210 , Turkey
| | - Alper Soylu
- a Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Tip Fakultesi , Izmir 35210 , Turkey
| | - Duygu Karaca
- c Department of Pediatrics, Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Tip Fakultesi , Izmir 35210 , Turkey
| | - Sulen Sarioglu
- b Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Tip Fakultesi , Izmir 35210 , Turkey
| | - Salih Kavukcu
- a Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Tip Fakultesi , Izmir 35210 , Turkey
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Kurien AA, Larsen C, Rajapurkar M, Bonsib SM, Walker P. Lack of electron microscopy hinders correct renal biopsy diagnosis: A study from India. Ultrastruct Pathol 2016; 40:14-7. [PMID: 26771449 DOI: 10.3109/01913123.2015.1120837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Electron microscopy (EM) is performed routinely on all native kidney biopsies in the western world. However, in India, it is not regularly performed due to non-availability and financial constraints. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the usefulness of routinely performing EM on native kidney biopsies. In order to eliminate selection bias, all consecutive native kidney biopsies were included in this study, provided they had adequate tissue for light, immunofluorescence (IF), and EM. The biopsies were reported on the basis of light and IF microscopy. EM was performed on each case by another pathologist who also independently reviewed the light microscopic slides and IF images. The findings were then reviewed to assess how the ultrastructural features contributed to the primary diagnosis and assigned to one of the following categories: 1. Crucial for diagnosis, 2. Important contribution, or 3. Not required. Of the 115 cases evaluated, EM was crucial in 12% of the cases. In 20% of the cases, it provided important confirmatory information and in the remaining 68% cases, EM was not considered required. This study supports the use of EM as a routine diagnostic tool in the evaluation of native kidney biopsies. There is an urgent need for availability and accessibility of EM in our country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anila Abraham Kurien
- a Department of Pathology , Center for Renal and Urological Pathology , Chennai , India
| | | | - Mohan Rajapurkar
- c Department of Nephrology , Muljibhai Patel Urological Hospital , Nadiad , India
| | | | - Patrick Walker
- b Department of Pathology , Nephropath, Little Rock , AR , USA
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Lee KC, Mak LS. Virtual electron microscopy: a simple implementation creating a new paradigm in ultrastructural examination. Int J Surg Pathol 2011; 19:570-5. [PMID: 21903681 DOI: 10.1177/1066896911421173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ultrastructural examination is a time-consuming and tiring process, requiring search for diagnostic features on a low-contrast screen in a dim environment. This article describes a method to circumvent these problems through the creation of a virtual ultrathin slide. This can be achieved by automated capturing of hundreds of images at high magnification and stitching them together into a digital image with a resolution of 4 nm/pixel. The pathologist can then navigate the virtual slide at his/her workstation computer. The image shows good contrast and resolution for diagnostic purposes, and most important, the pathologist can precisely note where the specific ultrastructural features are located. The setup required to implement virtual electron microscopy includes a transmission electron microscope equipped with motorized stage and automated digital image capture function, 2 free software components, self-developed software, and a desktop-grade computer. Besides use in daily diagnosis, virtual electron microscopy can open up many new applications such as undergraduate teaching, pathology resident training, external quality assurance program, and expert consultation.
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Affiliation(s)
- King-Chung Lee
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
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Fisi V, Mazák I, Degrell P, Halmai R, Molnár GA, Fehér E, Németh K, Pintér I, Kovács T, Wittmann I. Histological diagnosis determines complications of percutaneous renal biopsy: a single-center experience in 353 patients. Kidney Blood Press Res 2011; 35:26-34. [PMID: 21849796 DOI: 10.1159/000329939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We studied the connection between complication occurrence related to renal biopsies and histological diagnoses of the biopsy specimen. We also analyzed the distribution of diagnoses in our population. METHODS We retrospectively studied 353 patients undergoing renal biopsy at the same center. Biopsies were performed after marking the site of puncture by ultrasound imaging. Connection of complications with diagnoses and clinical parameters was evaluated. RESULTS Complication rate was 44.5% in our study. There was a significantly lower rate of complications in patients with diabetic nephropathy (likelihood ratio, LR = 0.44) or acute tubular necrosis (LR = 0.38), while patients with thin basement membrane syndrome had a more than 6-fold higher risk for development of intrarenal hemorrhage than others. Patients with vasculitis (LR = 2.88) and acute interstitial nephritis (LR = 3.18) have a more than doubled risk for arteriovenous shunts, while in patients with severe arteriosclerosis the prevalence of this complication was lower (LR = 0.46). Arteriovenous shunts developed also at a significantly higher rate in patients with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. CONCLUSION Patients with thin basement membrane syndrome, vasculitis, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis or acute interstitial nephritis should be observed more carefully after renal biopsy due to the significantly higher risk for certain complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktória Fisi
- Second Department of Medicine and Nephrological Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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