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Ježek P, Jabůrek M, Holendová B, Engstová H, Dlasková A. Mitochondrial Cristae Morphology Reflecting Metabolism, Superoxide Formation, Redox Homeostasis, and Pathology. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 39:635-683. [PMID: 36793196 PMCID: PMC10615093 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Mitochondrial (mt) reticulum network in the cell possesses amazing ultramorphology of parallel lamellar cristae, formed by the invaginated inner mitochondrial membrane. Its non-invaginated part, the inner boundary membrane (IBM) forms a cylindrical sandwich with the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM). Crista membranes (CMs) meet IBM at crista junctions (CJs) of mt cristae organizing system (MICOS) complexes connected to OMM sorting and assembly machinery (SAM). Cristae dimensions, shape, and CJs have characteristic patterns for different metabolic regimes, physiological and pathological situations. Recent Advances: Cristae-shaping proteins were characterized, namely rows of ATP-synthase dimers forming the crista lamella edges, MICOS subunits, optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) isoforms and mitochondrial genome maintenance 1 (MGM1) filaments, prohibitins, and others. Detailed cristae ultramorphology changes were imaged by focused-ion beam/scanning electron microscopy. Dynamics of crista lamellae and mobile CJs were demonstrated by nanoscopy in living cells. With tBID-induced apoptosis a single entirely fused cristae reticulum was observed in a mitochondrial spheroid. Critical Issues: The mobility and composition of MICOS, OPA1, and ATP-synthase dimeric rows regulated by post-translational modifications might be exclusively responsible for cristae morphology changes, but ion fluxes across CM and resulting osmotic forces might be also involved. Inevitably, cristae ultramorphology should reflect also mitochondrial redox homeostasis, but details are unknown. Disordered cristae typically reflect higher superoxide formation. Future Directions: To link redox homeostasis to cristae ultramorphology and define markers, recent progress will help in uncovering mechanisms involved in proton-coupled electron transfer via the respiratory chain and in regulation of cristae architecture, leading to structural determination of superoxide formation sites and cristae ultramorphology changes in diseases. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 39, 635-683.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Ježek
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Jabůrek
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Holendová
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Engstová
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Dlasková
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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Vanisova M, Stufkova H, Kohoutova M, Rakosnikova T, Krizova J, Klempir J, Rysankova I, Roth J, Zeman J, Hansikova H. Mitochondrial organization and structure are compromised in fibroblasts from patients with Huntington's disease. Ultrastruct Pathol 2022; 46:462-475. [PMID: 35946926 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2022.2100951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Huntington´s disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with onset in adulthood that leads to a complete disability and death in approximately 20 years after onset of symptoms. HD is caused by an expansion of a CAG triplet in the gene for huntingtin. Although the disease causes most damage to striatal neurons, other parts of the nervous system and many peripheral tissues are also markedly affected. Besides huntingtin malfunction, mitochondrial impairment has been previously described as an important player in HD. This study focuses on mitochondrial structure and function in cultivated skin fibroblasts from 10 HD patients to demonstrate mitochondrial impairment in extra-neuronal tissue. Mitochondrial structure, mitochondrial fission, and cristae organization were significantly disrupted and signs of elevated apoptosis were found. In accordance with structural changes, we also found indicators of functional alteration of mitochondria. Mitochondrial disturbances presented in fibroblasts from HD patients confirm that the energy metabolism damage in HD is not localized only to the central nervous system, but also may play role in the pathogenesis of HD in peripheral tissues. Skin fibroblasts can thus serve as a suitable cellular model to make insight into HD pathobiochemical processes and for the identification of possible targets for new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Vanisova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Stufkova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Kohoutova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Rakosnikova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Krizova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Klempir
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Rysankova
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Roth
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Zeman
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Hansikova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Burska D, Stiburek L, Krizova J, Vanisova M, Martinek V, Sladkova J, Zamecnik J, Honzik T, Zeman J, Hansikova H, Tesarova M. Homozygous missense mutation in UQCRC2 associated with severe encephalomyopathy, mitochondrial complex III assembly defect and activation of mitochondrial protein quality control. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166147. [PMID: 33865955 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complex III (CIII) associates with complexes I and IV (CI and CIV) into supercomplexes. We identified a novel homozygous missense mutation (c.665G>C; p.Gly222Ala) in UQCRC2 coding for structural subunit Core 2 in a patient with severe encephalomyopathy. The structural data suggest that the Gly222Ala exchange might result in an altered spatial arrangement in part of the UQCRC2 subunit, which could impact specific protein-protein interactions. Accordingly, we have found decreased levels of CIII and accumulation of CIII-specific subassemblies comprising MT-CYB, UQCRB, UQCRQ, UQCR10 and CYC1 subunits, but devoid of UQCRC1, UQCRC2, and UQCRFS1 in the patient's fibroblasts. The lack of UQCRC1 subunit-containing subassemblies could result from an impaired interaction with mutant UQCRC2Gly222Ala and subsequent degradation of both subunits by mitochondrial proteases. Indeed, we show an elevated amount of matrix CLPP protease, suggesting the activation of the mitochondrial protein quality control machinery in UQCRC2Gly222Ala fibroblasts. In line with growing evidence, we observed a rate-limiting character of CIII availability for the supercomplex formation, accompanied by a diminished amount of CI. Furthermore, we found impaired electron flux between CI and CIII in skeletal muscle and fibroblasts of the UQCRC2Gly222Ala patient. The ectopic expression of wild-type UQCRC2 in patient cells rescued maximal respiration rate, demonstrating the deleterious effect of the mutation on MRC. Our study expands the phenotypic spectrum of human disease caused by CIII Core protein deficiency, provides insight into the assembly pathway of human CIII, and supports the requirement of assembled CIII for a proper accumulation of CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Burska
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Stiburek
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Krizova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Vanisova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vaclav Martinek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Sladkova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Zamecnik
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Honzik
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Zeman
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Hansikova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Tesarova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Gueguen N, Baris O, Lenaers G, Reynier P, Spinazzi M. Secondary coenzyme Q deficiency in neurological disorders. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 165:203-218. [PMID: 33450382 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a ubiquitous lipid serving essential cellular functions. It is the only component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain that can be exogenously absorbed. Here, we provide an overview of current knowledge, controversies, and open questions about CoQ intracellular and tissue distribution, in particular in brain and skeletal muscle. We discuss human neurological diseases and mouse models associated with secondary CoQ deficiency in these tissues and highlight pharmacokinetic and anatomical challenges in exogenous CoQ biodistribution, recent improvements in CoQ formulations and imaging, as well as alternative therapeutical strategies to CoQ supplementation. The last section proposes possible mechanisms underlying secondary CoQ deficiency in human diseases with emphasis on neurological and neuromuscular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naig Gueguen
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHU Angers, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Olivier Baris
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Guy Lenaers
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Pascal Reynier
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHU Angers, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Marco Spinazzi
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France; Neuromuscular Reference Center, Department of Neurology, CHU Angers, 49933, Angers, France.
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Liang X, Wang S, Wang L, Ceylan AF, Ren J, Zhang Y. Mitophagy inhibitor liensinine suppresses doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through inhibition of Drp1-mediated maladaptive mitochondrial fission. Pharmacol Res 2020; 157:104846. [PMID: 32339784 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most effective antineoplastic drugs. However, its clinical application has been greatly limited due to the development of cardiotoxicity with DOX utilization. A number of theories have been postulated for DOX-induced cardiotoxicity with a pivotal contribution from unchecked (excess) mitophagy and mitochondrial fission. Liensinine (LIEN), a newly identified mitophagy inhibitor, strengthens the antineoplastic efficacy of DOX although its action on hearts remains elusive. This study was designed to examine the effect of LIEN on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and the underlying mechanisms involved with a focus on mitochondrial dynamics. Our data revealed that LIEN alleviated DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction and apoptosis through inhibition of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-mediated excess (unchecked) mitochondrial fission. LIEN treatment decreased Drp1 phosphorylation at Ser616 site, inhibited mitochondrial fragmentation, mitophagy (assessed by TOM20 and TIM23), oxidative stress, cytochrome C leakage, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, as well as improved mitochondrial function and cardiomyocyte contractile function in DOX-induced cardiac injury. In DOX-challenged neonatal mouse ventricular myocytes (NMVMs), LIEN-suppressed Drp1 phosphorylation, mitochondrial fragmentation, and apoptosis were blunted by Rab7 overexpression, the effect of which was reversed by the ERK inhibitor U0126. Moreover, activation of ERK or Drp1 abolished the protective effects of LIEN on cardiomyocyte mechanical anomalies. These data shed some lights towards understanding the role of LIEN as a new protective agent against DOX-associated cardiotoxicity without compromising its anti-tumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Department of Physiology, Basic Medicine College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Asli F Ceylan
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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