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Lee CY, Chen HC, Lian IB, Huang CT, Huang JY, Yang SF, Chang CK. The Preoperative Factors for the Undercorrection of Myopia in an Extend Depth-of-Focus Intraocular Lens: A Case-Control Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1499. [PMID: 39061636 PMCID: PMC11276445 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14141499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We aim to investigate the potential risk factors for undercorrection in those who have received extend depth-of-focus (EDOF) intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. A retrospective case-control study was conducted in which patients who had received one type of EDOF IOL implantation were included. The patients were divided into the residual group and non-residual group according to the final postoperative sphere power. The preoperative data include the refractive, topographic, endothelial, and biometric parameters obtained. A generalized linear model was generated to yield the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of each parameter of the residual myopia. One month postoperatively, the UDVA was better in the non-residual group than in the residual group (p = 0.010), and the final SE was significantly higher in the residual group than in the non-residual group (p < 0.001). In the multivariable analysis, the high preoperative cycloplegia sphere power, higher TCRP, higher corneal cylinder power, and longer AXL significantly correlated to the presence of postoperative residual myopia (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, the higher preoperative cycloplegia sphere power, higher TCRP, higher corneal cylinder power, longer AXL, larger ACD, and larger WTW were significantly associated with postoperative residual myopia in the high-myopia population (all p < 0.001), while the higher preoperative cycloplegia sphere power, higher TCRP, and longer AXL were related to postoperative residual myopia in the low-myopia population (all p < 0.05). In conclusion, high preoperative myopia and corneal refractive power correlate to high risk of residual myopia after EDOF IOL implantation, especially in the high-myopia population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yi Lee
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Nobel Eye Institute, Taipei 10041, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Taichung 41265, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Ie-Bin Lian
- Institute of Statistical and Information Science, National Changhua University of Education, Chunghua 50007, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Te Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yang Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Kai Chang
- Nobel Eye Institute, Taipei 10041, Taiwan
- Department of Optometry, Da-Yeh University, Chunghua 51591, Taiwan
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Ramsauer M, Luft N, Vounotrypidis E, Priglinger SG, Mayer WJ. Accuracy of toric intraocular lens power calculation depending on different keratometry values using a novel network based software platform. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1363286. [PMID: 38665295 PMCID: PMC11043607 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1363286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare different corneal keratometry readings (swept-source-OCT-assisted biometry and Scheimpflug imaging) with a novel software platform for calculation of toric intraocular lenses. Setting Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany. Design Retrospective, non-randomized, clinical trial. Methods Twenty-three eyes undergoing toric intraocular lens implantation were included. Inclusion criteria were preoperative regular corneal astigmatism of at least 1.00 D, no previous refractive surgery, no ocular surface diseases and no maculopathies. Lens exchange was performed with CALLISTO eye (Zeiss). For each patient, the expected postoperative residual refraction was calculated depending on three different corneal parameters of two different devices: standard K-front (K) and total keratometry (TK) obtained by a swept-source-OCT-assisted biometry system (IOL Master 700, Zeiss) as well as total corneal refractive power (TCRP) obtained by a Scheimpflug device (Pentacam AXL, Oculus). Barrett's formula for toric intraocular lenses was used for all calculations within a novel software platform (EQ workplace, Zeiss FORUM®). Results were statistically compared with postoperative refraction calculated according to the Harris dioptric power matrix. Results The standard K values (mean PE 0.02 D ± 0.45 D) and TK values (mean PE 0.09 D ± 0.43 D) of the IOL Master 700 reached similar results (p = 0.96). 78% of eyes in both K and TK groups achieved SE within ±0.5 D of attempted correction and all eyes (100%) were within ±1.0 D of attempted correction in both groups. By contrast, the prediction error in the IOL calculation using the TCRP of the Scheimpflug device was significantly greater (mean PE -0.56 D ± 0.49 D; p = 0.00 vs. standard K and p = 0.00 vs. TK) with adjusted refractive indices. Thirty-nine and Ninety-one percentage of eyes in the TCRP group achieved SE within ±0.5 D (p = 0.008 K vs. TCRP and p = 0.005 TK vs. TCRP) and ± 1.0 D (p = 0.14 vs. TCRP) of attempted correction, respectively. Conclusion All three corneal parameters (standard K, TK, TCRP) performed well in calculating toric IOLs. The most accurate refractive outcomes in toric IOL implantation were achieved by IOL calculations based on swept-source-OCT-assisted biometry. The SS-OCT-based K-front and TK values achieve comparable results in the calculation of toric IOLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Ramsauer
- Eye Clinic and Polyclinic, LMU Munich University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Luft
- Eye Clinic and Polyclinic, LMU Munich University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Wolfgang J. Mayer
- Eye Clinic and Polyclinic, LMU Munich University Hospital, Munich, Germany
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Thulasidas M, Kadam A. Toric intraocular lens: A literature review. Taiwan J Ophthalmol 2024; 14:197-208. [PMID: 39027059 PMCID: PMC11254006 DOI: 10.4103/tjo.tjo_43_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) are universally recommended in cataract cases with preoperative corneal astigmatism ≥1.5 D. An optimal surgical outcome depends on careful patient selection, complete preoperative evaluation, accurate IOL power calculation, precise marking of the axis, meticulous intraoperative approach, and methodical postoperative care. Understanding the importance of posterior corneal astigmatism, surgically induced astigmatism, and effective lens position in IOL power calculation and newer techniques to measure them directly have resulted in better postoperative refractive outcomes. We present a brief overview of toric IOLs along with the preoperative evaluation, IOL power calculation, different marking methods, intraoperative approach, and postoperative outcomes. Functional and anatomical outcomes, including uncorrected visual acuity, residual refractive astigmatism, and postoperative IOL misalignment, which have been reported for both toric IOLs and multifocal toric IOLs, are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Thulasidas
- Cataract and Glaucoma Services, Sankara Eye Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Langenbucher A, Hoffmann P, Cayless A, Wendelstein J, Szentmáry N. Evaluation of statistical correction strategies for corneal back surface astigmatism with toric lenses: a vector analysis. J Cataract Refract Surg 2024; 50:385-393. [PMID: 38015426 DOI: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000001370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare actual and formula-predicted postoperative refractive astigmatism using measured posterior corneal power measurements and 4 different empiric posterior corneal astigmatism correction models. SETTING Tertiary care center. DESIGN Single-center retrospective consecutive case series. METHODS Using a dataset of 211 eyes before and after tIOL implantation (Hoya Vivinex), IOLMaster 700 (IOLM) or Casia2 (CASIA) keratometric and front/back surface corneal power measurements were converted to power vector components C0 (0/90 degrees) and C45 (45/135 degrees). Differences between postoperative and Castrop formula predicted refraction at the corneal plane using the labeled parameters of the tIOL and the keratometric or front/back surface corneal powers were recorded as the effect of corneal back surface astigmatism (BSA). RESULTS Generally, the centroid of the difference shifted toward negative C0 values indicating that BSA adds some against the rule corneal astigmatism (ATR). From IOLM/CASIA keratometry, the average difference in C0 was 0.39/0.32 diopter (D). After correction with the Abulafia-Koch, Goggin, La Hood, and Castrop nomograms, it was -0.18/-0.24 D, 0.27/0.18 D, 0.13/0.08 D, and 0.17/0.10 D. Using corneal front/back surface data from IOLM/CASIA, the difference was 0.18/0.12 D. CONCLUSIONS The Abulafia-Koch method overcorrected the ATR, while the Goggin, La Hood, and Castrop models slightly undercorrected ATR, and using measurements from the CASIA tomographer seemed to produce slightly less prediction error than IOLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achim Langenbucher
- From the Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany (Langenbucher, Wendelstein); Augen- und Laserklinik Castrop-Rauxel, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany (Hoffmann); School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom (Cayless); Department of Ophthalmology, Kepler University Hospital and Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria (Wendelstein); Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany (Szentmáry); Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis-University, Budapest, Hungary (Szentmáry)
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Shah Y, Jacques A, Or L, Barrett G. Comparison of toric intraocular lens calculation with the integrated K method and three single biometric devices. J Cataract Refract Surg 2023; 49:1201-1208. [PMID: 37982774 DOI: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000001301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare astigmatic outcomes using the Integrated K method and anterior surface keratometry from 3 different biometric devices. SETTING Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Australia. DESIGN Retrospective case series. METHODS Eyes of patients who underwent uneventful cataract surgery were analyzed. Predicted postoperative astigmatism was calculated for Integrated K method, IOLMaster 700, Lenstar and Pentacam. The mean centroid error in predicted postoperative refractive astigmatism (PE), mean absolute PE and percentage of eyes within 0.5 diopter (D), 0.75 D and 1 D of absolute magnitude of PE were compared. A subset analysis was done where the difference in cylinder magnitude between the 2 methods was more than 0.25 D. Spherical prediction outcomes were also analyzed. RESULTS 241 eyes of 139 patients were included in the study. The mean centroid PE of Integrated K method (-0.07 @ 69) was significantly different from IOLMaster and Pentacam. The mean absolute PE with Integrated K method (0.33 ± 0.17) was significantly lower than all 3 devices. The percentage of eyes within 0.5 D and 0.75 D of absolute magnitude of PE was 82% and 99% for Integrated K method, 76% and 95% for IOLMaster and Lenstar, and 60% and 86% for Pentacam. In the subset analysis, the improvement in accuracy of the Integrated K method compared with a single device was greater in terms of the percentage of eyes predicted within 0.5 D. The Integrated K method did not impact the spherical prediction outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The integrated K method is more accurate and precise than anterior surface keratometry from a single biometric device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachana Shah
- From the Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia (Shah, Or); Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Australia (Shah, Or, Barrett); Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame, Perth, Australia (Jacques); Department of Research, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia (Jacques); Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia (Barrett)
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Wendelstein J, Casazza M, Riaz KM, Fischinger I, Fuchs B, Bolz M, Seiler TG, Kohnen T, Langenbucher A. Characteristics of surgically induced astigmatism after standardized microincisional cataract surgery with a superior limbal incision. J Cataract Refract Surg 2023; 49:1025-1035. [PMID: 37532255 DOI: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000001271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine (1) if measurements of surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) as measured by keratometry (K) and total keratometry (TK) differ (2) if SIA affects the magnitude and/or meridian of keratometric astigmatism (3) if SIA evolves over time. SETTING Tertiary care center. DESIGN Retrospective data analysis. METHODS A swept-source optical coherence tomography biometry dataset (IOLMaster700) consisting of 498 eyes (327 patients) from a tertiary care center was analyzed. For all eyes preoperative and postoperative biometric measurements at 1-month, 3-month, and 6-months postoperative visits were considered for vector analysis of SIA K and SIA TK . RESULTS Centroids in right and left eyes were 0.26 diopters (D) @5 degrees/0.31 D @1 degree for SIA K and 0.27 D @4 degrees/0.34 D @1 degree for SIA TK . Centroids for difference vectors K-TK in right and left eyes were 0.02 D @ 176 degrees/0.03 D @6 degrees. The mean SIA magnitudes in right and left eyes were 0.48 ± 0.41 D and 0.50 ± 0.37 D for SIA K and 0.53 ± 0.42 D and 0.54 ± 0.40 D for SIA TK . In eyes with ATR astigmatism, an increase in postoperative astigmatism magnitude was more common than a decrease. More than 30% of eyes showed changes in the meridian of more than 15 degrees. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we observed differences in K- and TK-derived SIA, and changes in SIA magnitude over time. For postsurgical interventions, postoperative astigmatism meridian values should be measured to base treatments. Astigmatism magnitude showed a tendency to decrease for steep-meridian incisions and to increase in flat-meridian incisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jascha Wendelstein
- From the Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Linz, Austria (Wendelstein, Casazza, Fischinger, Fuchs, Bolz); Johannes Kepler University Linz, Medical Faculty, Linz, Austria (Wendelstein, Casazza, Fischinger, Fuchs, Bolz); Institute of Experimental Ophthalmology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany (Wendelstein, Langenbucher); Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma (Riaz); Department of Ophthalmology, Augentagesklinik Spreebogen Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Fischinger); Institut für Refraktive und Ophthalmo-Chirurgie (IROC), Zurich, Switzerland (Wendelstein, Seiler); Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany (Seiler); Universitätsklinik für Augenheilkunde, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland (Seiler); Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (Kohnen)
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Langenbucher A, Szentmáry N, Cayless A, Wendelstein J, Hoffmann P. Prediction of corneal power vectors after cataract surgery with toric lens implantation-A vector analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288316. [PMID: 37682881 PMCID: PMC10490976 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraocular lenses are typically calculated based on a pseudophakic eye model, and for toric lenses (tIOL) a good estimate of corneal astigmatism after cataract surgery is required in addition to the equivalent corneal power. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between the preoperative IOLMaster (IOLM) and the preoperative and postoperative Casia2 (CASIA) tomographic measurements of corneal power in a cataractous population with tIOL implantation, and to predict total power (TP) from the IOLM and CASIA keratometric measurements. METHODS The analysis was based on a dataset of 88 eyes of 88 patients from 1 clinical centre before and after tIOL implantation. All IOLM and CASIA keratometric and total corneal power measurements were converted to power vector components, and the differences between preoperative IOLM or CASIA and postoperative CASIA measurements were assessed. Feedforward neural network and multivariate linear regression prediction algorithms were implemented to predict the postoperative total corneal power (as a reference for tIOL calculation) from the preoperative IOLM and CASIA keratometric measurements. RESULTS On average, the preoperative IOLM keratometric / total corneal power under- / overestimates the postoperative CASIA keratometric / real corneal power by 0.12 dpt / 0.21 dpt. The prediction of postoperative CASIA real power from preoperative IOLM or CASIA keratometry shows that postoperative total corneal power is systematically (0.18 dpt / 0.27 dpt) shifted towards astigmatism against the rule, which is not reflected by keratometry. The correlation of postoperative CASIA real power to the corresponding preoperative CASIA values is better than those as compared to the preoperative IOLM keratometry. However, there is a large variation from preoperative IOLM or CASIA keratometry to the postoperative CASIA real power of up to 1.1 dpt (95% confidence interval). CONCLUSION One of the challenges of tIOL calculation is the prediction of postoperative total corneal power from preoperative keratometry. Keratometric power restricted to a front surface measurement does not fully reflect the situation of corneal back surface astigmatism, which typically adds some extra against the rule astigmatism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achim Langenbucher
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Nóra Szentmáry
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis-University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alan Cayless
- School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
| | - Jascha Wendelstein
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Peter Hoffmann
- Augen- und Laserklinik Castrop-Rauxel, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany
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Mirzayev I, Gündüz AK, Aydın Ellialtıoğlu P, Gündüz ÖÖ. Clinical applications of anterior segment swept-source optical coherence tomography: A systematic review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103334. [PMID: 36764640 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive method that provides the opportunity to examine tissues by taking cross-sectional images. OCT is increasingly being used to evaluate anterior segment (AS) pathologies. Swept-source (SS) OCT allows greater penetration and achieves better visualization of the internal configuration of AS tissues due to the longer wavelength employed and high scan speeds. We reviewed the utilization of AS SS-OCT in various conditions including glaucoma, ocular surface pathologies, iris tumors, refractive surgery, cataract surgery, and scleral diseases. A systematic literature search was carried out on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases between January 1, 2008, and September 1, 2022 using the following keywords: AS SS-OCT; dry eye and SS-OCT; ocular surface and SS-OCT; cornea and SS-OCT; dystrophy and SS-OCT; glaucoma and SS-OCT; ocular surface tumors and SS-OCT; conjunctival tumors and SS-OCT; refractive surgery and SS-OCT; cataract and SS-OCT; biometry and SS-OCT; sclera and SS-OCT; iris and SS-OCT; ciliary body and SS-OCT; artificial intelligence and SS-OCT. A total of 221 studies were included in this review. Review of the existing literature shows that SS-OCT offers several advantages in the diagnosis of AS diseases. Exclusive features of SS-OCT including rapid scanning, deeper tissue penetration, and better image quality help improve our understanding of various AS pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibadulla Mirzayev
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Halil Şıvgın Çubuk State Hospital, Ophthalmology Clinic, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Kaan Gündüz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Private Eye Clinic, Ankara, Turkey.
| | | | - Ömür Özlenen Gündüz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Kawahara A. Predicting Residual Astigmatism in Cataract Surgery. VISION (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 6:vision6040070. [PMID: 36548932 PMCID: PMC9785719 DOI: 10.3390/vision6040070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to evaluate the prediction of postoperative residual astigmatism and to determine the best prediction method for astigmatism correction. In recent findings for residual astigmatism in non-toric monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) implanted eyes, vector analysis can be used to correctly evaluate residual astigmatism by decomposing it. In predicting residual astigmatism, the with-the-rule (WTR) and against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism components can now be almost predicted. This may be due to advances in inspection equipment and surgical technique. However, there are still issues with the oblique astigmatism component. In addition, corneal astigmatism is the most important predictor of postoperative residual astigmatism, and other predictors, such as refractive astigmatism, age, and lens thickness, have also been mentioned. However, all but corneal astigmatism are questionable because of the possibility of confounding variables. Total corneal astigmatism is more accurate in predicting residual astigmatism than anterior corneal astigmatism. Several predictions of residual astigmatism have been reported, but complete prediction has not been possible. Further research is needed, especially in predicting oblique astigmatism. However, I emphasize that the accuracy of predicting WTR and ATR astigmatism has improved considerably and can be predicted using regression equations with total corneal astigmatism.
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Osawa R, Sano M, Yuguchi T, Kaiya T, Oshika T. Effects of Modified Haptics on Surgical Outcomes and Rotational Stability of Toric Intraocular Lens Implantation. J Refract Surg 2022; 38:648-653. [PMID: 36214346 DOI: 10.3928/1081597x-20220715-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the rotational stability of a new toric intraocular lens (IOL), TECNIS toric II (toric II), which is a modified version of the TECNIS toric IOL (toric I) with frosted haptics (Johnson & Johnson). METHODS A total of 101 eyes of 101 patients who had been treated with phacoemulsification and toric IOL implantation were included. Before and 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after surgery, uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuity were measured. Preoperative corneal astigmatism and postoperative manifest refractive astigmatism at 1 day and 1 month were analyzed. At 1 day and 1 month postoperatively, the amount of IOL axis misalignment from the intended orientation, tilt, and decentration were measured using anterior segment optical coherence tomography. RESULTS Fifty-one eyes received the toric I IOL and 50 eyes received the toric II IOL. Toric I IOLs showed a significantly larger amount of axis misalignment than toric II IOLs at both 1 day (9.6 ± 7.6° vs 5.4 ± 4.8°, P = .003) and 1 month (9.1 ± 7.8° vs. 4.7 ± 4.2°, P = .003) postoperatively.The proportion of eyes with misalignment greater than 10° was significantly larger with toric I than toric II IOLs (P < .001). There were no significant differences between IOLs in the amount of residual astigmatism, UDVA, CDVA, and amount of tilt and decentration at 1 day and 1 month postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS The TECNIS toric II IOL with frosted haptics has significantly improved rotational stability compared to its previous model. [J Refract Surg. 2022;38(10):648-653.].
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Llorens-Quintana C, Pavlatos E, Thaware O, Gupta S, Gradin D, Romfh D, Li Y, Huang D. Accuracy of OCT-derived net corneal astigmatism measurement. J Cataract Refract Surg 2022; 48:267-274. [PMID: 34326282 PMCID: PMC8792105 DOI: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000000766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the repeatability and accuracy of corneal astigmatism measurement with a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) system (Avanti, Optovue) and compare them with Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam HR, Oculus) and swept-source optical biometry (IOLMaster 700, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG). SETTING Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon. DESIGN Prospective cross-sectional observational study. METHODS 60 pseudophakic eyes with monofocal nontoric intraocular lens that previously had refractive surgery were analyzed. To assess accuracy, simulated keratometry (SimK) and net corneal astigmatism, obtained from each device, were compared with subjective manifest refraction astigmatism. Repeatability for corneal astigmatism was assessed for OCT and Pentacam HR by the coefficient of repeatability from 3 repeated measures. RESULTS Compared with manifest refraction, SimK readings produced with-the-rule astigmatic bias that was reduced for net astigmatism for the 3 devices. Except for OCT net astigmatism, all instruments significantly overestimated the magnitude of the astigmatism (linear mixed-effects model [LMM], P < .05). OCT net astigmatism showed the highest accuracy for manifest astigmatism prediction with the smaller 95% confidence ellipse for the mean difference vector. OCT net mean absolute difference was 0.57 diopters (D), significantly smaller than that of the other modalities (LMM, P < .05). Net corneal astigmatism measured with OCT showed the best repeatability (coefficient of repeatability = 0.29 D). CONCLUSIONS OCT has the capability to measure net corneal astigmatism with higher precision and accuracy than Pentacam HR Scheimpflug imaging and IOLMaster 700 swept-source optical biometry in postrefractive subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Llorens-Quintana
- From the Casey Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
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Wendelstein JA, Hoffmann PC, Mariacher S, Wingert T, Hirnschall N, Findl O, Bolz M. Precision and refractive predictability of a new nomogram for femtosecond laser-assisted corneal arcuate incisions. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:e1297-e1306. [PMID: 33629542 PMCID: PMC9540120 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Validating a new nomogram for low to moderate astigmatism (0.75 D to 2.5 D) correction with epithelium- and Bowman-penetrating femtosecond laser-assisted arcuate incisions. METHODOLOGY Prospective, interventional case series at the Augen- und Laserklinik, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany. Cataract patients with low to moderate corneal astigmatism were treated with femtosecond laser-assisted arcuate incisions. Patients with previous refractive corneal treatment were excluded. Outcome assessment was based on manifest refraction, astigmatic vector analysis and visual acuity. RESULTS The study analysed 43 eyes of 33 patients after three months and 35 eyes of 27 patients after 12 months. After 12 months, 100% of all eyes treated had ≤1.0 D and 97% ≤0.5 D of subjective residual astigmatism. Mean residual astigmatism was 0.27 D. 90% of all eyes were within one line of difference between UDVA and CDVA. SEQ Mean Absolute Error was 0.26 D and SEQ. Mean error was -0.08 ± 0.32 D. CI was 0.98 ± 0.2 D, and Index of Success, 0.20 ± 0.18 D. CONCLUSION The Castrop nomogram showed results that are comparable to or better than results presented in the literature for existing nomograms. Our results for astigmatic reduction are comparable to published results for TIOL implantation. It seems to be a predictable and safe measure to reduce manifest astigmatism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jascha A. Wendelstein
- Department of Ophthalmology and OptometryKepler University Hospital GmbHJohannes Kepler University LinzLinzAustria
| | | | - Siegfried Mariacher
- Department of Ophthalmology and OptometryKepler University Hospital GmbHJohannes Kepler University LinzLinzAustria
| | - Tina Wingert
- Department of Ophthalmology and OptometryKepler University Hospital GmbHJohannes Kepler University LinzLinzAustria
| | - Nino Hirnschall
- VIROS – Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular SurgeryKarl Landsteiner InstituteHanusch HospitalViennaAustria
| | - Oliver Findl
- VIROS – Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular SurgeryKarl Landsteiner InstituteHanusch HospitalViennaAustria
| | - Matthias Bolz
- Department of Ophthalmology and OptometryKepler University Hospital GmbHJohannes Kepler University LinzLinzAustria
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Langenbucher A, Szentmáry N, Cayless A, Weisensee J, Wendelstein J, Hoffmann P. Prediction of corneal back surface power - Deep learning algorithm versus multivariate regression. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2021; 42:185-194. [PMID: 34726283 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The corneal back surface is known to add some against the rule astigmatism, with implications in cataract surgery with toric lens implantation. This study aimed to set up and validate a deep learning algorithm to predict corneal back surface power from the corneal front surface power and biometric measures. METHODS This study was based on a large dataset of IOLMaster 700 measurements from two clinical centres. N = 19,553 measurements of 19,553 eyes with valid corneal front (CFSPM) and back surface power (CBSPM) data and other biometric measures. After a vector decomposition of CFSPM and CBSPM into equivalent power and projections of astigmatism to the 0°/90° and 45°/135° axes, a multi-output feedforward neural network was derived to predict vector components of CBSPM from CFSPM and other measurements. The predictions were compared with a multivariate linear regression model based on CFSPM components only. RESULTS After pre-conditioning, a network with two hidden layers each having 12 neurons was derived. The dataset was split into training (70%), validation (15%) and test (15%) subsets. The prediction error (predicted corneal back surface power CBSPP - CBSPM) of the network after training and crossvalidation showed no systematic offset, narrower distributions for CBSPP - CBSPM and no trend error of CBSPP - CBSPM vs. CBSPM for any of the vector components. The multivariate linear model also showed no systematic offset, but broader distributions of the prediction error components and a systematic trend of all vector components vs. CFSPM components. CONCLUSION The neural network approach based on CFSPM vector components and other biometric measures outperforms the multivariate linear model in predicting corneal back surface power vector components. Modern biometers can supply all parameters required for this algorithm, enabling reliable predictions for corneal back surface data where direct corneal back surface data are unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achim Langenbucher
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Nóra Szentmáry
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany.,Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis-University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alan Cayless
- School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Johannes Weisensee
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | | | - Peter Hoffmann
- Augen- und Laserklinik Castrop-Rauxel, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany
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14
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Yang S, Byun YS, Kim HS, Chung SH. Comparative Accuracy of Barrett Toric Calculator With and Without Posterior Corneal Astigmatism Measurements and the Kane Toric Formula. Am J Ophthalmol 2021; 231:48-57. [PMID: 34116010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the accuracy of the Barrett toric calculator with and without posterior corneal astigmatism and the Kane toric calculator. DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study. METHODS The study included a total of 79 eyes of 79 patients who underwent toric intraocular lens (IOL) insertion during uncomplicated cataract surgery by a single surgeon. Using vector analysis, the mean absolute prediction error, the standard deviation of the prediction error, and the percentage of eyes with a prediction error within ±0.50 diopter (D), ± 0.75 D, and ± 1.00 D were calculated. The IOL Master 700 (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany) was used for measuring biometry including posterior corneal astigmatism. The main analysis was designed to provide the clinical outcomes with each formula using the postoperative keratometry values and the measured postoperative IOL axis. Real-world analysis was performed using the preoperative keratometry values and the intended IOL axis. RESULTS There was no significant difference in mean absolute prediction errors calculated with 2 versions of the Barrett toric formula (predicted posterior corneal astigmatism and measured posterior corneal astigmatism) and the Kane toric formula (P > .05). The Barrett toric calculator with predicted and measured posterior corneal astigmatism yielded the best results, with 60.8% <0.50 D prediction error in the main analysis. In the real-world analysis, the Barrett toric calculator with predicted posterior corneal astigmatism showed the best result, with 53.2% <0.50 D prediction error. CONCLUSION The Barrett toric formula with and without posterior corneal astigmatism measurements using the IOL Master 700 and the Kane toric formula yielded accurate and comparable outcomes in this single-surgeon analysis. Am J Ophthalmol 2021;221:•••-•••. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonwon Yang
- From the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Byun
- From the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Seung Kim
- From the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Hyang Chung
- From the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea..
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15
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Langenbucher A, Cayless A, Szentmáry N, Weisensee J, Wendelstein J, Hoffmann P. Prediction of total corneal power from measured anterior corneal power on the IOLMaster 700 using a feedforward shallow neural network. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 100:e1080-e1087. [PMID: 34664393 DOI: 10.1111/aos.15040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The corneal back surface is known to add some astigmatism against-the-rule, which has to be considered in cataract surgery with toric lens implantation. The purpose of this study was to set up a deep learning algorithm which predicts the total corneal power from keratometry and biometric measures. METHODS Based on a large data set of measurements with the IOLMaster 700 from two clinical centres, data from N = 21 108 eyes were included, each record containing valid data for keratometry K, total keratometry TK, axial length AL, central corneal thickness CCT, anterior chamber depth ACD, lens thickness LT and horizontal corneal diameter W2W from an individual eye. After a vector decomposition of K and TK into equivalent power (.EQ) and projections of astigmatism to the 0°/90° (.AST0° ) and 45°/135° (.AST45° ) axis, a multi-output feedforward shallow neural network was derived to predict TK from K, AL, CCT, ACD, LT, W2W and patient age. RESULTS After some trial and error, the neural network having a Levenberg-Marquardt training function and three hidden layers (10/8/5 neurons) performed best and showed a fast convergence. The data set was split into training data (70%), validation data (15%) and test data (15%). The prediction error (predicted corneal power CPpred minus TK) of the network trained with the training and cross-validated with test data showed systematically narrower distributions for CPEQ-TKEQ, CPAST0° -TKAST0° and CPAST45° -TKAST45° compared with KEQ-TKEQ, KAST0° -TKAST0° and KAST45° -TKAST45° . There was no systematic offset in the components between CPpred and TK. CONCLUSION Unlike any fixed correction term, which can compensate only for a static intercept of the astigmatic components TKEQ, TKAST0° and TKAST45° compared with KEQ, KAST0° and KAST45° , our trained neural network was able to reduce the variance in the prediction error significantly. This neural network could be used to account for the corneal back surface astigmatism for biometers where the corneal back surface measurement or total keratometry is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achim Langenbucher
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology Saarland University Homburg/Saar Germany
| | - Alan Cayless
- School of Physical Sciences The Open University Milton Keynes UK
| | - Nóra Szentmáry
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research Saarland University Homburg/Saar Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology Semmelweis‐University Budapest Hungary
| | - Johannes Weisensee
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology Saarland University Homburg/Saar Germany
| | - Jascha Wendelstein
- Department of Ophthalmology Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria
| | - Peter Hoffmann
- Augen‐ und Laserklinik Castrop‐Rauxel Castrop‐Rauxel Germany
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16
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Röggla V, Schartmüller D, Schwarzenbacher L, Chbib RA, Leydolt C, Menapace R. Comparison of Axis Determination With Different Toric Intraocular Lens Power Calculation Methods. J Refract Surg 2021; 37:642-647. [PMID: 34506242 DOI: 10.3928/1081597x-20210712-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the axis position of the measured total corneal astigmatism (TCA) with the axis of the anterior keratometry and the calculated axis position of different toric intraocular lens (IOL) calculators. METHODS A total of 163 astigmatic eyes of 163 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The axis of the actual TCA, measured with anterior segment optical coherence tomography, was compared to the anterior keratometric value (Group I) and three different methods of TCA calculation for toric IOL power determination: Abulafia-Koch regression formula (Group II), Barrett Toric Calculator V2.0 (Group III), and Barrett Toric Calculator V2.0 including measured posterior keratometric value (Group IV). Eyes were assigned to three subgroups: with-the-rule, against-the-rule, and oblique astigmatism. RESULTS The mean deviation calculated from measured TCA was +0.56° (Group I), -0.32° (Group II), -0.37° (Group III), and -1.00° (Group IV). For with-the-rule astigmatism, the TCA axis agreed most with Group I (6.5% outliers > 5° deviation). For against-the-rule astigmatism, Group IV and Group II were closest to the measured TCA axis (1.5% and 3% outliers with > 5° deviation). CONCLUSIONS The means of the calculated axis were similar to the measured TCA, but the proportion of outliers with an axis deviation of greater than 5° showed remarkable differences. Isolated anterior keratometric value measurements showed the fewest outliers in with-the-rule astigmatism. In against-the-rule astigmatism, Abulafia-Koch calculation should be used for axis determination. [J Refract Surg. 2021;37(9):642-647.].
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17
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Wendelstein JA, Hoffmann PC, Schwarzenbacher L, Fischinger IR, Hirnschall N, Menapace R, Langenbucher A, Findl O, Bolz M. Lasting Effects: Seven Year Results of the Castrop Nomogram for Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Paired Corneal Arcuate Incisions. Curr Eye Res 2021; 47:225-232. [PMID: 34464547 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2021.1975761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Long-term results of arcuate incisions are rarely reported. This is unfortunate as long-term stability of astigmatic correction is of great interest to surgeons performing astigmatic correction. This study investigates the 7 year stability of results after application of femtosecond laser-assisted arcuate incisions with the Castrop nomogram. METHODS Prospective interventional case series at the Augen- und Laserklinik, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany. Single site, single surgeon study. Seven year results of cataract patients with low to moderate corneal astigmatism receiving femtosecond laser-assisted arcuate incisions using a TechnolasVictus SW 2.7 (Bausch & Lomb Inc, Dornach, Germany) were assessed and compared to 1 year results. Outcome evaluation was based on astigmatic vector analysis, manifest refraction, and visual acuity. RESULTS The study analyzed 19 eyes of 19 patients 7 years after surgery. Ocular residual astigmatism changed from -0.26 to -0.39 D. Preoperative corneal astigmatism was -1.51 D. Correction Index changed from 1.0 to 1.16. The magnitude of difference vector changed from 0.26 to 0.39 D. The index of success changed from 0.20 to 0.29. Spherical equivalent remained stable. A slight tendency to change toward astigmatic overcorrection was mainly observed for patients with preoperative with the rule astigmatism, but not with patients with against the rule astigmatism. CONCLUSIONS The Castrop nomogram showed stable results 7 years after surgery. Similar to toric IOL surgery, it is advisable to be less aggressive when correcting with the rule astigmatism, to avoid overcorrection over a long period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jascha A Wendelstein
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Peter C Hoffmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Augen-und Laserklinik, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany
| | - Luca Schwarzenbacher
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Isaak R Fischinger
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria.,Department of Ophthalmology, Augentagesklinik Spreebogen Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nino Hirnschall
- Department of Ophthalmology, Viros - Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rupert Menapace
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Achim Langenbucher
- Institute of Experimental Ophthalmology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Findl
- Department of Ophthalmology, Viros - Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Bolz
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
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18
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Hirnschall N, Findl O, Bayer N, Leisser C, Norrby S, Zimper E, Hoffmann P. Sources of Error in Toric Intraocular Lens Power Calculation. J Refract Surg 2021; 36:646-652. [PMID: 33034356 DOI: 10.3928/1081597x-20200729-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the influencing factors on remaining astigmatism after implanting a toric intraocular lens (IOL) during cataract surgery. METHODS This retrospective study included parameters that were considered to have an influence on toric IOL power calculation. Therefore, data from the literature and the authors' own data were used. This included axial eye length, anterior chamber depth, central corneal thickness, corneal radii (anterior and posterior), diurnal changes of the cornea, inter-device differences, rotational misalignment of the IOL, tilt and decentration of the IOL, pupil size, angle kappa, and surgically induced astigmatism. Ray-tracing and Gaussian error propagation analysis was performed to quantify the sources of error. RESULTS In total, 4,949 eyes (4,365 eyes of 42 studies and 584 eyes of retrospectively analyzed study data) were included in the study and the difference vector between aimed and calculated remaining astigmatism was 0.81 diopters (D). The main source of error was the preoperative measurement of the cornea (27%), followed by IOL misalignment (14.4%) and IOL tilt (11.3%). Other factors, such as angle kappa (10.9%), pupil size (8.1%), surgically induced astigmatism (7.8%), anterior chamber depth (7.5%), axial eye length (7.5%), and decentration (5.6%), also contributed to the refractive astigmatic error. CONCLUSIONS The main source of error in toric IOL power calculation is the preoperative corneal measurement followed by IOL misalignment and tilt. [J Refract Surg. 2020;36(10):646-652.].
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19
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Comparison of corneal irregular astigmatism by the type of corneal regular astigmatism. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15769. [PMID: 34349218 PMCID: PMC8339125 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95358-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the relation between corneal regular and irregular astigmatism in normal human eyes. In 951 eyes of 951 patients, corneal irregular astigmatism, such as asymmetry and higher-order irregularity components, was calculated using the Fourier harmonic analysis of corneal topography data within the central 3-mm zone of the anterior corneal surface. The eyes were classified by the type of corneal regular astigmatism into four groups; minimum (< 0.75 diopters), with-the-rule (WTR), against-the-rule (ATR), and oblique astigmatism. The mean age was significantly different among the four groups (P < 0.001); patients with WTR astigmatism were the youngest, followed by those with minimum, oblique, and ATR astigmatism. Significant inter-group differences were found among the four groups in asymmetry (P = 0.005) and higher-order irregularity components (P < 0.001); the largest was in eyes with oblique astigmatism, followed by ATR, WTR, and minimum astigmatism. The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that corneal regular astigmatism pattern significantly influenced the amount of corneal irregular astigmatism after controlling for confounding factors (P < 0.001). Corneal irregular astigmatism, such as asymmetry and higher order irregularity components, was the largest in eyes with oblique astigmatism, followed by those with ATR, WTR, and minimum astigmatism, even after adjustment for age of subjects.
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20
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Influence of frosted haptics on rotational stability of toric intraocular lenses. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15099. [PMID: 34302005 PMCID: PMC8302686 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94293-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the unfolding property and rotational stability of a new toric intraocular lens (IOL); TECNIS toric II (toric-II, ZCW, Johnson & Johnson) that is an improved version of TECNIS toric IOL (toric-I, ZCV). Both IOLs are based on an identical platform, except for the frosted haptics with toric-II IOL. The study consisted of two parts; experimental study and clinical, retrospective, case series. Experimental study indicated that the overall time from IOL ejection to unfolding to 11 mm was significantly shorter with toricII than toric-I IOLs (p = 0.032), due to the earlier separation of the haptics from the optic with toric-II IOL. Clinical study included 131 eyes of 99 patients who had undergone phacoemulsification and toric IOL implantation. At 3 months postoperatively, toric-II IOL showed significantly better rotational stability than toric-I IOL, including smaller residual manifest astigmatism (p = 0.018), less amount of axis misalignment from the intended axis (p = 0.04), lower incidence of misalignment > 10º (p = 0.0044), and less degree of prediction errors (p = 0.043). Postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity tended to be better in the toric-II than in the toric-I groups, with marginal statistical difference (p = 0.057). TECNIS toric II IOL with the frosted haptics showed significantly better rotational stability than its predecessor, probably due to quicker unfolding and greater friction with the capsular bag.
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21
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Kawahara A. Prediction of postoperative refractive astigmatism before toric intraocular lens implantation. BMC Ophthalmol 2021; 21:202. [PMID: 33962598 PMCID: PMC8105948 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-021-01959-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To determine the preoperative factors influencing refractive astigmatism after cataract surgery for astigmatism correction by toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and to evaluate the prediction model using these factors. Methods Prospective, observational case series. The right eyes of forty consecutive patients with preoperative corneal astigmatism of the total cornea of 1.5 diopters (D) or more in magnitude and scheduled for implantation of a non-toric IOL during cataract surgery with a 2.4-mm temporal clear corneal incision were examined prospectively. The vertical/horizontal astigmatism component (J0) and oblique astigmatism component (J45) of refractive and corneal astigmatism were converted using power vector analysis. Multivariate regression analysis was performed with refractive astigmatism at three months postoperatively as the dependent variable, and preoperative parameters including age, sex, refractive astigmatism, corneal astigmatism, sphere, spherical equivalent, intraocular pressure, corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, lens positions (tilt and decentration), axial length, and corneal higher order aberrations as independent variables. The root mean square (RMS) errors were calculated to express the regression model fit. Results The regression model for the J0 component was \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$ Postoperative\kern0.34em refractive\kern0.2em J0=1.05\times Coneal\kern0.2em J0-0.14 $$\end{document}PostoperativerefractiveJ0=1.05×ConealJ0−0.14 (R2 = 0.96, P < 0.001). The model for the J45 component was \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$ Postoperative\kern0.34em refractive\kern0.2em J45=0.68\times Coneal\kern0.2em J45+0.19\times Preoperative\kern0.34em refractive\kern0.2em J45-0.06 $$\end{document}PostoperativerefractiveJ45=0.68×ConealJ45+0.19×PreoperativerefractiveJ45−0.06 (R2 = 0.72, P < 0.001). The mean RMS errors for preoperative corneal astigmatism alone and the multivariate model were 0.58 D and 0.46 D, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between them (P = 0.02). Conclusions Refractive astigmatism after implantation of a toric IOL can be predicted by the regression model more accurately than by corneal astigmatism alone. However, the prediction of oblique astigmatism remains a challenge.
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Hamer CA, Buckhurst H, Purslow C, Shum GL, Habib NE, Buckhurst PJ. Comparison of reliability and repeatability of corneal curvature assessment with six keratometers. Clin Exp Optom 2021; 99:583-589. [DOI: 10.1111/cxo.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Catriona A Hamer
- School of Health Professions, Faculty of Heath and Human Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK,
| | - Hetal Buckhurst
- School of Health Professions, Faculty of Heath and Human Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK,
| | - Christine Purslow
- School of Optometry & Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK,
| | - Gary L Shum
- School of Health Professions, Faculty of Heath and Human Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK,
| | | | - Phillip J Buckhurst
- School of Health Professions, Faculty of Heath and Human Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK,
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23
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Nakano S, Iida M, Hasegawa Y, Hiraoka T, Oshika T. Influence of posterior corneal astigmatism on the outcomes of toric intraocular lens implantation in eyes with oblique astigmatism. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2021; 65:288-294. [PMID: 33506320 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-021-00812-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess whether the outcomes of toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in eyes with oblique astigmatism can be improved by direct measurements of posterior corneal astigmatism using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) instead of by using anterior corneal measurements alone. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case series. METHODS Two toric IOL power calculation methods were compared: anterior corneal astigmatism was used in the keratometry group, whilst total corneal astigmatism determined by ray tracing through the measured anterior and posterior corneal surfaces was used in the AS-OCT group. In a total of 279 eyes of 232 patients, subgroup analysis was conducted for with-the-rule (WTR) (85 eyes in the keratometry group and 34 eyes in the AS-OCT group), against-the-rule (ATR) (73/29 eyes), and oblique (26/32 eyes) astigmatism. RESULTS In the WTR and ATR astigmatism groups, the uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) was significantly better in the AS-OCT group than in the keratometry group (P = 0.012 and P < 0.001, Mann-Whitney test), and the residual astigmatism was significantly smaller in the AS-OCT group than in the keratometry group (P = 0.037 and P < 0.001). In eyes with oblique astigmatism, the UDVA (P = 0.299) and residual astigmatism (P = 0.373) of the keratometry and AS-OCT groups did not differ. CONCLUSION Incorporation of posterior corneal astigmatism measured with AS-OCT can significantly improve the outcomes of toric IOL implantation in eyes with WTR and ATR astigmatism, but not in eyes with oblique astigmatism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Nakano
- Division of Ophthalmology, Ryugasaki Saiseikai Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masaharu Iida
- Division of Ophthalmology, Ryugasaki Saiseikai Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yumi Hasegawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hiraoka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Oshika
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
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Zhang Z, Li H, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Zhang S. Clinical evaluation of toric intraocular lens implantation based on iTrace wavefront keratometric astigmatism. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:450. [PMID: 33198718 PMCID: PMC7670723 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01726-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, there is no standard technique for determining corneal astigmatism. The iTrace wavefront aberrometry of cornea calculated steep power and axis based on the best Zernike mathematical fit from all topo data within 4 mm circle. It was supposed to be more accurate than iTrace simulated keratometry which was calculated based on only 4 points on the circle of 3 mm. This aim of this study was to evaluate visual outcomes and rotational stability after toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation using the wavefront aberrometry of the cornea with iTrace. Setting: Single site in China, Shanxi Eye Hospital, Shanxi, China. Design: Prospective case series. Methods The study included 85 eyes of 63 patients undergoing phacoemulsification and toric IOL implantation. The IOL power and cylinders were chosen with the help of the iTrace toric planning program using wavefront keratometric astigmatism. Astigmatic changes were assessed using Alpins vector method over a 3-month follow-up period. Results Preoperative mean corneal topographic astigmatism was 1.91 diopters (D) ± 0.69 (standard deviation). Postoperative mean refractive astigmatism decreased significantly to 0.48 D ± 0.34. Surgical induced astigmatism was 1.73 D ± 0.77 and the mean correction index was 0.89 ± 0.22, showing a slight undercorrection. The proportion of astigmatism ≤0.50 D increased from 0 to 71.8% postoperatively. Conclusions This is the first study on evaluation of clinical outcomes of toric IOL implantation in corneal astigmatism patients using iTrace wavefront keratometric readings. The findings show that use of iTrace built-in toric calculator is safe and effective for planning toric IOL surgery for wavefront keratometric astigmatism. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN94956424, Retrospectively registered (Date of registration: 05 February 2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- Shanxi Eye Hospital, No. 100 Fudong Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Shanxi Eye Hospital, No. 100 Fudong Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Shanxi Eye Hospital, No. 100 Fudong Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Zhang
- Shanxi Eye Hospital, No. 100 Fudong Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Suhua Zhang
- Shanxi Eye Hospital, No. 100 Fudong Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Hirnschall N, Findl O. Update Biometrie und Kunstlinsenberechnung. SPEKTRUM DER AUGENHEILKUNDE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00717-020-00460-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Moore J, Shu X, Lopes BT, Wu R, Abass A. Limbus misrepresentation in parametric eye models. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236096. [PMID: 32970690 PMCID: PMC7514007 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the axial, radial and tangential limbus position misrepresentation when parametric models are used to represent the cornea and the sclera. Methods This retrospective study included 135 subjects aged 22 to 65 years (36.5 mean ±9.8 STD), 71 females and 64 males. Topography measurements were taken using an Eye Surface Profiler topographer and processed by a custom-built MATLAB code. Eye surfaces were freed from edge-effect artefacts and fitted to spherical, conic and biconic models. Results When comparing the radial position of the limbus, average errors of -0.83±0.19mm, -0.76±0.20mm and -0.69±0.20mm were observed within the right eye population for the spherical, conic and biconic models fitted up to 5mm. For the same fitting radius, the average fitting errors were -0.86±0.23mm, -0.78±0.23mm and -0.73±0.23mm for the spherical, conic and biconic models respectively within the left eye population. For the whole cornea fit, the average errors were -0.27±0.12mm and -0.28±0.13mm for the spherical models, -0.02±0.29mm and -0.05±0.27mm for the conic models, and -0.22±0.16mm and 0.24±0.17mm for the biconic models in the right and left eye populations respectively. Conclusions Through the use of spherical, conic and biconic parametric modelling methods, the eye’s limbus is being mislocated. Additionally, it is evident that the magnitude of fitting error associated with the sclera may be propagating through the other components of the eye. This suggests that a corneal nonparametric model may be necessary to improve the representation of the limbus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Moore
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Xuhan Shu
- College of Physical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Bernardo T. Lopes
- School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Richard Wu
- Department of Optometry, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Optometry, Pacific University, Forest Grove, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Ahmed Abass
- School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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27
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Schlereth SL, Hos D, Matthaei M, Hamrah P, Schmetterer L, O'Leary O, Ullmer C, Horstmann J, Bock F, Wacker K, Schröder H, Notara M, Haagdorens M, Nuijts RMMA, Dunker SL, Dickman MM, Fauser S, Scholl HPN, Wheeler-Schilling T, Cursiefen C. New Technologies in Clinical Trials in Corneal Diseases and Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency: Review from the European Vision Institute Special Interest Focus Group Meeting. Ophthalmic Res 2020; 64:145-167. [PMID: 32634808 DOI: 10.1159/000509954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To discuss and evaluate new technologies for a better diagnosis of corneal diseases and limbal stem cell deficiency, the outcomes of a consensus process within the European Vision Institute (and of a workshop at the University of Cologne) are outlined. Various technologies are presented and analyzed for their potential clinical use also in defining new end points in clinical trials. The disease areas which are discussed comprise dry eye and ocular surface inflammation, imaging, and corneal neovascularization and corneal grafting/stem cell and cell transplantation. The unmet needs in the abovementioned disease areas are discussed, and realistically achievable new technologies for better diagnosis and use in clinical trials are outlined. To sum up, it can be said that there are several new technologies that can improve current diagnostics in the field of ophthalmology in the near future and will have impact on clinical trial end point design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona L Schlereth
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany, .,Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC) University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,
| | - Deniz Hos
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC) University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mario Matthaei
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Pedram Hamrah
- Cornea Service and Center for Translational Ocular Immunology, New England Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leopold Schmetterer
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,SERI-NTU Advanced Ocular Engineering (STANCE), Singapore, Singapore.,Institute for Health Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivia O'Leary
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Ullmer
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jens Horstmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Bock
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Katrin Wacker
- Eye Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Maria Notara
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michel Haagdorens
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Ophthalmology, Visual Optics and Visual Rehabilitation, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Ophthalmology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Rudy M M A Nuijts
- University Eye Clinic, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Suryan L Dunker
- University Eye Clinic, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mor M Dickman
- University Eye Clinic, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sascha Fauser
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hendrik P N Scholl
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas Wheeler-Schilling
- European Vision Institute EEIG, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Claus Cursiefen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC) University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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28
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Li X, Chen X, He S, Xu W. Effect of 1.8-mm steep-axis clear corneal incision on the posterior corneal astigmatism in candidates for toric IOL implantation. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:187. [PMID: 32375757 PMCID: PMC7204242 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01456-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the present study, we aimed to analyze the effects of cataract surgery using a 1.8-mm steep-axis clear corneal incision (CCI) on the posterior corneal surfaces based on the keratometry from the rotating Scheimpflug imaging device (Pentacam HR) in candidates for toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Methods Preoperative and at least 1-month postoperative data measured by Pentacam HR were collected in patients for toric IOL implantation. Surgically induced astigmatism on the posterior cornea (P-SIA) was calculated based on the preoperative and postoperative keratometric data, and the related factors of P-SIA were analyzed. Results A total of 60 eyes from 56 patients were enrolled. The preoperative anterior, posterior and total corneal astigmatism was 1.58 ± 0.61 D,0.28 ± 0.22 D and 1.70 ± 0.52 D respectively. The postoperative anterior, posterior and total corneal astigmatism was 1.26 ± 0.68 D, 0.41 ± 0.26 D and 1.30 ± 0.51 D respectively. The astigmatism was significantly decreased on anterior surface (P<0.001, paired t-test) and increased on posterior surface (P<0.001, paired t-test). The mean of P-SIA calculated by Holladay–Cravy–Koch method was 0.34 ± 0.20 D, with 0.5 D or greater accounting for 26.7%. A statistically significant correlation was observed between the P-SIA and preoperative anterior corneal astigmatism (r = 0.29, P = 0.024), as well as preoperative posterior corneal astigmatism (r = 0.27, P = 0.038). Multivariate regression analysis showed the preoperative anterior and posterior corneal astigmatism had a significant effect on P-SIA (F = 7.344, P = 0.001). Conclusions In candidates for toric IOL implantation with a 1.8-mm steep-axis CCI, the incision caused a significant reduction of the anterior corneal astigmatism but an increase of the posterior corneal astigmatism. P-SIA could not be ignored, and it played a significant role in SIA, especially in cases with higher preoperative anterior or posterior corneal astigmatism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Suhong He
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Suichang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suichang, China
| | - Wen Xu
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.
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29
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Multivariate Regression Analysis to Predict Postoperative Refractive Astigmatism in Cataract Surgery. J Ophthalmol 2020; 2020:9842803. [PMID: 32411437 PMCID: PMC7201842 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9842803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the correlation between postoperative refractive astigmatism and preoperative parameters in cataract surgery. Methods Left eyes of 100 consecutive patients scheduled for cataract surgery with a 2.4 mm clear corneal incision were examined prospectively. Refractive astigmatism was measured using an autokerato/refractometer. Corneal astigmatism of the total cornea was calculated using a Scheimpflug camera. The vertical/horizontal component (J0) and oblique component (J45) of refractive and total corneal astigmatism were determined using power vector analysis. Refractive astigmatism at 8 weeks postoperatively was estimated using multivariate linear regression analysis. Independent variables analyzed included age, sex, refractive astigmatism, total corneal astigmatism, sphere, intraocular pressure, corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, axial length, and pupil diameter. Results Multivariate regression analysis identified total corneal J0 and age as significant contributors to postoperative refractive J0 (P < 0.001 and P=0.029, respectively). The standard partial regression coefficients in the multiple regression analysis were 0.59 and −0.16 for total corneal J0 and age, respectively. Significant contributors to postoperative refractive J45 were total corneal J45 and lens thickness (P < 0.001 and P=0.015, respectively). The standard partial regression coefficients were 0.79 and −0.15 for total corneal J45 and lens thickness, respectively. Conclusion These results suggest that preoperative total corneal astigmatism is the most significant predictor of postoperative refractive astigmatism when performing astigmatism correction in cataract surgery.
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Comparison of the accuracy of four Pentacam corneal astigmatism values in non-toric pseudophakic eyes. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020; 258:795-803. [PMID: 31900645 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-019-04585-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the accuracy of different corneal astigmatism values measured by Scheimpflug keratometry (Pentacam), including Simulated Keratometry (SimK) and three total corneal astigmatism values, equivalent K reading (EKR), true net power (TNP), and total corneal refractive power (TCRP). METHODS We enrolled 168 eyes of 168 patients with non-toric IOL implantation. Pentacam examination and subjective refraction were performed 3 months after surgery. The agreement, arithmetic difference, and vector difference between refractive astigmatism (RA) and different corneal astigmatism values were compared. RESULTS Differences in astigmatism magnitude were significant between SimK and RA in the against-the-rule (ATR) and with-the-rule (WTR) groups but not in total corneal measurements. The meridians of SimK and RA differed significantly in the oblique astigmatism group. The correlations between total corneal astigmatism values and RA were stronger than that between SimK and RA in the total, WTR, and oblique astigmatism groups in Pearson's correlation test. Bland-Altman plots revealed more data points exceeding the limits of agreement (LoA) in SimK measurement in total and WTR subjects. In the ATR group, fewer data points exceeded LoA in EKR. The mean difference vector between SimK and RA was larger than that of other measurements in each astigmatism group. The arithmetic mean of difference vector was significantly smaller in EKR in the total, WTR, and oblique groups. CONCLUSIONS Among different Pentacam readings, corneal astigmatism measurements considering anterior and posterior corneal surfaces were more representative of total ocular astigmatism than SimK, and EKR showed markedly better performance in astigmatism estimation.
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31
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Fabian E, Wehner W. Prediction Accuracy of Total Keratometry Compared to Standard Keratometry Using Different Intraocular Lens Power Formulas. J Refract Surg 2019; 35:362-368. [PMID: 31185101 DOI: 10.3928/1081597x-20190422-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation based on standard keratometry (K) and the new Total Keratometry (TK). METHODS A post-hoc analysis of study data based on 145 pseudophakic astigmatic eyes was conducted. The absolute prediction error (APE) of spherical equivalent (SE) and cylinder (CYL) was calculated based on K and TK (including posterior corneal surface) data recorded 6 weeks after IOL implantation. APE was calculated as the difference between the postoperative refraction and the refractive error predicted by three classic IOL calculation methods (Haigis/Haigis-T, Barrett Universal II, Barrett Toric Calculator) and two new formulas developed for TK (Barrett TK Universal II, Barrett TK Toric). For APE in SE, the Haigis-T (K versus TK) and Barrett Universal II (K) versus Barrett TK Universal II (TK) were compared. For APE in CYL, the Haigis-T (K versus TK) and Barrett Toric Calculator (K) versus Barrett TK Toric formula (TK) were compared. RESULTS Mean APE in SE and CYL was lower based on TK values compared to K, with a mean APE difference (K - TK) of 0.011 ± 0.107 diopters (D) (SE Haigis-T; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.004 to infinity), 0.016 ± 0.113 D (SE: Barrett Universal II versus Barrett TK Universal II; 95% CI: 0.0005 to infinity), 0.103 ± 0.173 D (CYL: Haigis-T; 95% CI: 0.0791 to infinity), and 0.020 ± 0.148 D (CYL: Barrett Toric versus Barrett TK Toric; 95% CI: -0.0002 to infinity). APE in SE was within ±0.50 D in 86% (Barrett TK Universal II) versus 84% (Barrett Universal II) of eyes. APE in CYL was within ±0.50 D in 58% (Haigis from TK) versus 44% (Haigis from K) of eyes. CONCLUSIONS In comparison to standard K, a higher prediction accuracy can be expected by using TK values along with the two newly developed formulas. TK values are compatible with standard IOL power calculation formulas and existing optimized IOL constants. [J Refract Surg. 2019;35(6):362-368.].
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Ribeiro FJ, Ferreira TB, Relha C, Esteves C, Gaspar S. Predictability of different calculators in the minimization of postoperative astigmatism after implantation of a toric intraocular lens. Clin Ophthalmol 2019; 13:1649-1656. [PMID: 31695316 PMCID: PMC6718254 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s213132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the efficacy of five calculators for toric intraocular lenses (IOL). Methods Retrospective comparative case series in cataract patients undergoing implantation of trifocal toric IOLs (PhysIOL FineVision POD FT). Inclusion criteria were age-related cataract and a corneal astigmatism between 0.90D and 4.50D. Refractive astigmatism predictability of five different toric calculators or calculation methods were compared. Furthermore, two groups were differentiated according to the type of astigmatism. The mean absolute error and the centroid errors in the predicted residual astigmatism from each calculator were evaluated. Results Fifty-one eyes of 43 patients were included in the study. For the standard toric calculator using anterior keratometry values only, the centroid prediction error was 0.39D±0.41@166º, which was reduced by the application of the PhysIOL toric calculator that includes the Abulafia-Koch regression formula and adjustment for the effective lens position (0.05D±0.34@167º), and also by the application of the Barrett toric calculator (0.07D±0.28@160º). Regarding the techniques that directly evaluate posterior corneal surface, the Holladay toric calculator, using total corneal power provided by a color-LED topographer, generated better results (0.10D±0.44@156º) than those using Scheimpflug camera data (0.23D±0.56@158º). Similar results were found for both types of astigmatism. Conclusion The PhysIOL and the Barrett toric calculators taking into account the posterior corneal astigmatism by mathematical models, yielded lower astigmatic prediction errors compared to a standard toric calculator based on anterior keratometry data only. When total corneal power measurements were used, prediction errors were lower with color-LED than with Scheimpflug based topography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filomena J Ribeiro
- Ophthalmology Department, Luz Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal.,Faculdade De Medicina Da Universidade De Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago B Ferreira
- Ophthalmology Department, Luz Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal.,NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Relha
- Ophthalmology Department, Luz Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carina Esteves
- Ophthalmology Department, Luz Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sylvia Gaspar
- Ophthalmology Department, Luz Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
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Skrzypecki J, Sanghvi Patel M, Suh LH. Performance of the Barrett Toric Calculator with and without measurements of posterior corneal curvature. Eye (Lond) 2019; 33:1762-1767. [PMID: 31189992 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-019-0489-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toric intraocular lens power calculators, e.g., the Barrett Toric Calculator, based on predicted, rather than on measured posterior corneal curvature have yielded the best results so far. However, recent update of the Barrett Toric Calculator aims to fine tune its refractive predictions with the input of measured posterior corneal curvature. Here, we wanted to compare refractive predictions of the Barrett Toric Calculator, based on IOL Master 700 biometry, with and without measurements of posterior corneal curvature. METHODS In total 30 eyes were included in the study. One-month postoperative manifest refraction and predicted residual refractive error of both formulas were utilized to calculate mean absolute error and centroid error in predicted residual astigmatism. The Pentacam was used to measure posterior corneal curvature. RESULTS We did not find any statistically significant difference in mean absolute error and centroid error in predicted residual astigmatism between the Barrett Toric Calculator with and without measurement of posterior corneal curvature. Post-hoc analysis of with-the-rule and against-the-rule astigmatic eyes did not reveal any significant differences as well. CONCLUSIONS Astigmatism prediction errors, based on IOL Master 700 biometry, with and without measured posterior corneal curvature, were similar. To the best of our knowledge, the updated Barrett Toric Calculator is the first formula to provide non-inferior and reliable predictions based on measurement of posterior corneal curvature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Skrzypecki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Menka Sanghvi Patel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leejee H Suh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
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Núñez MX, Henriquez MA, Escaf LJ, Ventura BV, Srur M, Newball L, Espaillat A, Centurion VA. Consensus on the management of astigmatism in cataract surgery. Clin Ophthalmol 2019; 13:311-324. [PMID: 30809088 PMCID: PMC6376888 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s178277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This project was aimed at achieving consensus on the management of astigmatism during cataract surgery by ophthalmologists from Latin America using modified Delphi technique. Relevant peer-reviewed literature was identified, and 21 clinical research questions associated with the definition, classification, measurement, and treatment of astigmatism during cataract surgery were formulated. Twenty participants were divided into seven groups, and each group was assigned three questions to which they had to respond in written form, after thoroughly reviewing the literature. The assigned questions with corresponding responses by each group were discussed with other participants in round 4 – presentation of findings. The consensus was achieved if approval was obtained from at least 80% of participants. The present paper provides several agreements and recommendations for management of astigmatism during cataract surgery, which could potentially minimize the variability in practice patterns and help ophthalmologists adopt optimal practices for cataract patients with astigmatism and improve patient satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria X Núñez
- Unit of Cornea, Cataract and Refractive Surgery, Grupo de Investigacion Vision Sana, Clinica de Oftalmología de Cali, Universidad Javeriana, Cali, Colombia,
| | - Maria A Henriquez
- Department of Cataract, Department of Research, Oftalmosalud Instituto de Ojos, Lima, Peru
| | - Luis J Escaf
- Clinica Oftalmologica del Caribe (Cofca), Universidad Javeriana, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Bruna V Ventura
- Department of Cataract, Altino Ventura Foundation, HOPE Eye Hospital, Recife, Brazil
| | - Miguel Srur
- Centro de la Visión, Filial Clínica Las Condes, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | | | - Arnaldo Espaillat
- Cataract and refractive surgery service, Espaillat Cabral Institute, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
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35
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Kim DY, Ha M, Yi R, Kim HW, Chung SH. Comparison of Corneal Astigmatism and Higher-order Aberrations between Color Light-emitting Diode Topographer and Scheimpflug Imager. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2019. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2019.60.10.922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Da Yeong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minji Ha
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Rowoon Yi
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Won Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - So-Hyang Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Feizi S, Delfazayebaher S, Javadi MA. Agreement Between Internal Astigmatism and Posterior Corneal Astigmatism in Pseudophakic Eyes. J Refract Surg 2018; 34:379-386. [PMID: 29889290 DOI: 10.3928/1081597x-20180425-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To directly measure internal astigmatism and evaluate its agreement with posterior corneal astigmatism in pseudophakic eyes. METHODS This prospective study enrolled 32 eyes of 32 patients (18 women, 56.3%) who underwent phacoemulsification with implantation of a non-toric monofocal intraocular lens (IOL). Two months postoperatively, posterior corneal astigmatism was measured using a Pentacam Scheimpflug analyzer (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany). Manifest refractive astigmatism was measured after fitting a spherical hard contact lens. This refractive astigmatism that was vertexed to the corneal plane was considered internal astigmatism. The magnitudes of internal and posterior corneal astigmatism were compared. The relationship and agreement between these two astigmatisms were investigated using the Spearman correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman plots, respectively. RESULTS The mean patient age was 56.3 ± 9.6 years. IOL decentration or tilt and posterior segment abnormalities were not encountered in any cases postoperatively. The mean refractive astigmatism measured before fitting the hard contact lens was -0.81 ± 0.56 diopters (D). Internal astigmatism (-0.17 ± 0.21 D) was significantly different from posterior corneal astigmatism (-0.30 ± 0.15 D; P = .046). Regression analysis demonstrated a weak association between internal astigmatism and posterior corneal astigmatism (r2 = 0.22, P = .013). Bland-Altman plots produced 95% limits of agreement for these two astigmatisms from -0.49 to 0.75 D. CONCLUSIONS A significant but weak correlation was found between the magnitudes of internal astigmatism and posterior corneal astigmatism in the pseudophakic eyes. This result indicates that Pentacam measurement of the posterior cornea did not compare well with a "gold standard" of refraction-derived values. [J Refract Surg. 2018;34(6):379-386.].
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Hayashi K, Sato T, Sasaki H, Hirata A, Yoshimura K. Sex-related differences in corneal astigmatism and shape with age. J Cataract Refract Surg 2018; 44:1130-1139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ang M, Baskaran M, Werkmeister RM, Chua J, Schmidl D, Aranha dos Santos V, Garhöfer G, Mehta JS, Schmetterer L. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Prog Retin Eye Res 2018; 66:132-156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Bandeira F, Morral M, Elies D, Eguiza S, Souki S, Manero F, Güell JL. Transitional conic toric intraocular lens for the management of corneal astigmatism in cataract surgery. Clin Ophthalmol 2018; 12:1071-1079. [PMID: 29922036 PMCID: PMC5995409 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s148599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Synopsis Transitional toric intraocular lens (IOL) was developed to improve refractive outcomes in cataract surgery. We report refractive, vectorial outcomes, and stability of spherical equivalent over 12 months after implantation of this IOL. Purpose To evaluate visual and refractive outcomes of a transitional conic toric intraocular lens (IOL) (Precizon®) for the correction of corneal astigmatism in patients undergoing cataract surgery. Setting The Ocular Microsurgery Institute (IMO), a private practice in Barcelona, Spain. Design This is a retrospective, non-randomized study. Methods Retrospective chart review of 156 patients with preoperative regular corneal astigmatism >0.75 diopters (D) who underwent consecutive phacoemulsification and Precizon toric IOL implantation between January 2014 and December 2015 was performed. Two groups were divided according to attempted residual refraction: group 1 with emmetropia and group 2 with mild myopia for monovision. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and manifest refraction were analyzed preoperatively and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Results Precizon toric IOL was implanted in 97 eyes of 61 patients. Six months postoperatively, none of the eyes lost any line of CDVA. In all, 98% of the eyes were within ±1.00 D of attempted spherical correction. The mean preoperative keratometric cylinder was 1.92 ± 1.04 D (range 0.75–6.78), and the mean postoperative refractive cylinder was 0.77 ± 0.50 D (range 0–2.25), with 81% of the eyes with ≤1.00 D of residual cylinder. Two IOLs required realignment due to intra-operative positioning error. Eleven eyes required enhancement with corneal refractive surgery. Conclusion Preexisting regular corneal astigmatism was effectively and safely corrected by the implantation of the transitional conic toric IOL in patients undergoing cataract surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Bandeira
- Cornea and External Disease Department, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Merce Morral
- Cornea and Refractive Surgery Unit, Instituto Microcirugia Ocular, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Elies
- Cornea and Refractive Surgery Unit, Instituto Microcirugia Ocular, Barcelona, Spain.,European School for Advanced Studies in Ophthalmology (ESASO), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Sergio Eguiza
- Cornea and Refractive Surgery Unit, Instituto Microcirugia Ocular, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Spyridoula Souki
- Cornea and Refractive Surgery Unit, Instituto Microcirugia Ocular, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felicidad Manero
- Cornea and Refractive Surgery Unit, Instituto Microcirugia Ocular, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose L Güell
- Cornea and Refractive Surgery Unit, Instituto Microcirugia Ocular, Barcelona, Spain.,European School for Advanced Studies in Ophthalmology (ESASO), Lugano, Switzerland.,Ophthalmology, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
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Cornut T, Touboul D, Rouglan S, Tellouck L, Tellouck J, Korobelnik JF, Schweitzer C. [Refractive outcomes and precision in toric intraocular lens alignment using an automated alignment system]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2018; 41:291-301. [PMID: 29685740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare precision in toric intraocular lens (TIOL) alignment and refractive outcomes between an intraoperative automated digital marker system and the conventional manual-ink marking. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prospective single center study including consecutive patients undergoing uneventful cataract surgery with corneal astigmatism greater than 1 diopter. Total corneal astigmatism was measured using a placido-dual Scheimpflug system (GalileiG4®, Ziemer). Acrysof® SN6AT (Alcon) TIOL's were implanted, and patients were divided into 2 groups, the digital group (Verion®, Alcon) and the ink-marking group (Pendular marker, AMO). Mean error in TIOL axis, visual acuity and residual astigmatism were analyzed at 3 days, one month and 6 months after surgery. RESULTS In total, 45 eyes of 30 patients were included (n=25 digital group, n=20 ink-marking group). The mean preoperative total corneal astigmatism was 1.71±0.53 diopters. At one month, there was a significantly lower mean average error in TIOL axis in the digital group compared to the ink-marking group (2.6±2.3° and 6.4±2.8° respectively, P=0.009). At 6months, these results remained statistically significant. Mean residual astigmatism was 0.7±0.4 diopters at one month, without significant difference between the two groups (P=0.9). The rate of misalignment less than or equal to 5° was 86 % (n=25) in the digital group and 63 % (n=20) in the ink-marking group (P=0.05). CONCLUSION Intraoperative digital marker system is associated with better TIOL alignment accuracy and better reproducibility than the manual ink-marking method.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Cornut
- Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; ISPED, université Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - D Touboul
- Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; ISPED, université Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - S Rouglan
- Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - L Tellouck
- Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; ISPED, université Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - J Tellouck
- Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; ISPED, université Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - J-F Korobelnik
- Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; ISPED, université Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, team LEHA, UMR 1219, université Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - C Schweitzer
- Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; ISPED, université Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, team LEHA, UMR 1219, université Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
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Kaur M, Shaikh F, Falera R, Titiyal JS. Optimizing outcomes with toric intraocular lenses. Indian J Ophthalmol 2017; 65:1301-1313. [PMID: 29208810 PMCID: PMC5742958 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_810_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) are the procedure of choice to correct corneal astigmatism of 1 D or more in cases undergoing cataract surgery. Comprehensive literature search was performed in MEDLINE using “toric intraocular lenses,” “astigmatism,” and “cataract surgery” as keywords. The outcomes after toric IOL implantation are influenced by numerous factors, right from the preoperative case selection and investigations to accurate intraoperative alignment and postoperative care. Enhanced accuracy of keratometry estimation may be achieved by taking multiple measurements and employing at least two separate devices based on different principles. The importance of posterior corneal curvature is increasingly being recognized in various studies, and newer investigative modalities that account for both the anterior and posterior corneal power are becoming the standard of care. An ideal IOL power calculation formula should take into account the surgically induced astigmatism, the posterior corneal curvature as well as the effective lens position. Conventional manual marking has given way to image-guided systems and intraoperative aberrometry, which provide a mark-less IOL alignment and also aid in planning the incisions, capsulorhexis size, and optimal IOL centration. Postoperative toric IOL misalignment is the major factor responsible for suboptimal visual outcomes after toric IOL implantation. Realignment of the toric IOL is needed in 0.65%–3.3% cases, with more than 10° of rotation from the target axis. Newer toric IOLs have enhanced rotational stability and provide precise visual outcomes with minimal higher order aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Kaur
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Farin Shaikh
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ruchita Falera
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jeewan S Titiyal
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Optimized keratometry and total corneal astigmatism for toric intraocular lens calculation. J Cataract Refract Surg 2017; 43:1140-1148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2017.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Torische Kunstlinsen zur Astigmatismuskorrektur. SPEKTRUM DER AUGENHEILKUNDE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00717-016-0318-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Gundersen KG, Potvin R. Clinical outcomes with toric intraocular lenses planned using an optical low coherence reflectometry ocular biometer with a new toric calculator. Clin Ophthalmol 2016; 10:2141-2147. [PMID: 27843285 PMCID: PMC5098593 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s120414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To prospectively evaluate postoperative clinical outcomes with implantation of toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) using preoperative keratometry from an optical low coherence reflectometry (OLCR) ocular biometer (Lenstar® LS900) and the built-in Barrett toric calculator. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective observational study recruited one or both eyes of subjects who underwent uncomplicated cataract surgery with toric IOL implantation using OLCR biometery data and the Barrett toric IOL calculator for toric IOL planning. Data were collected at the preoperative, operative, 1-day and 2-month postoperative visits. The primary outcome measure was the manifest refractive astigmatism magnitude at 2 months. The secondary outcome measures included the manifest refraction, corneal keratometry, and distance visual acuity (corrected and uncorrected). The results obtained with the Barrett toric calculator were compared with simulated results based on the toric calculators designed for the IOLs being used. RESULTS Data from 98 eyes of 54 subjects were available for analysis. In the 74 eyes with postoperative lens orientation as planned, and sufficient IOL cylinder power to correct subjects' measured astigmatism, 77% of eyes (57/74) had 0.5 diopter (D) or less refractive cylinder 2 months postoperatively, while 89% (66/74) had 0.75 D or less. Simulated results after adjusting actual IOL orientation to the planned orientation suggested that the Barrett calculator would result in postoperative residual astigmatism about 0.2 D lower than that expected with standard calculators. CONCLUSION Use of the Barrett toric calculator with biometry data from the Lenstar LS900 biometer for toric IOL planning in a clinical setting resulted in significantly lower levels of residual refractive cylinder than might be expected with standard calculators. Postoperative lens orientation and variability in the measurement of corneal astigmatism pre- and postoperatively appear to be important limiting factors in toric IOL outcomes.
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Koch DD. The Enigmatic Cornea and Intraocular Lens Calculations: The LXXIII Edward Jackson Memorial Lecture. Am J Ophthalmol 2016; 171:xv-xxx. [PMID: 27562430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2016.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To review the progress and challenges in obtaining accurate corneal power measurements for intraocular lens (IOL) calculations. DESIGN Personal perspective, review of literature, case presentations, and personal data. METHODS Through literature review findings, case presentations, and data from the author's center, the types of corneal measurement errors that can occur in IOL calculation are categorized and described, along with discussion of future options to improve accuracy. RESULTS Advances in IOL calculation technology and formulas have greatly increased the accuracy of IOL calculations. Recent reports suggest that over 90% of normal eyes implanted with IOLs may achieve accuracy to within 0.5 diopter (D) of the refractive target. Though errors in estimation of corneal power can cause IOL calculation errors in eyes with normal corneas, greater difficulties in measuring corneal power are encountered in eyes with diseased, scarred, and postsurgical corneas. For these corneas, problematic issues are quantifying anterior corneal power and measuring posterior corneal power and astigmatism. Results in these eyes are improving, but 2 examples illustrate current limitations: (1) spherical accuracy within 0.5 D is achieved in only 70% of eyes with post-refractive surgery corneas, and (2) astigmatism accuracy within 0.5 D is achieved in only 80% of eyes implanted with toric IOLs. CONCLUSION Corneal power measurements are a major source of error in IOL calculations. New corneal imaging technology and IOL calculation formulas have improved outcomes and hold the promise of ongoing progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas D Koch
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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Accuracy of Total Corneal Astigmatism Measurements With a Scheimpflug Imager and a Color Light-Emitting Diode Corneal Topographer. Am J Ophthalmol 2016; 167:72-8. [PMID: 27131773 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the accuracy of total corneal astigmatism measurements with a Scheimpflug imager and a color light-emitting diode corneal topographer, and to compare the accuracy of total corneal astigmatism measurements with the accuracy of measurements that are based only on the anterior corneal surface. DESIGN Prospective validity assessment. METHODS This study was conducted at the Rotterdam Ophthalmic Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands. The study population consisted of 91 eyes of 91 patients with monofocal, non-toric intraocular lenses (IOLs). Refractive astigmatism was measured with the ARK-530A autorefractor (Nidek, Gamagori, Japan). Anterior and total corneal astigmatism were measured with the Pentacam HR (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) and the Cassini (i-Optics, The Hague, Netherlands). Under the assumption that refractive astigmatism must equal total corneal astigmatism in these patients, accuracy of the corneal astigmatism measurements was defined as the vectorial difference with the refractive astigmatism, with lower vector differences denoting higher accuracy. RESULTS The median refractive astigmatic magnitude was 0.84 diopter (D). The mean difference vector lengths were 0.61 D, 0.58 D, 0.49 D, and 0.45 D for Pentacam anterior, Cassini anterior, Pentacam total, and Cassini total corneal astigmatism, respectively. The mean difference vector length decreased by 0.12 and 0.13 D for Pentacam and Cassini, respectively, if the total instead of anterior corneal astigmatism was measured. These decreases were statistically significant (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS With Pentacam as well as with Cassini, the accuracy of total corneal astigmatism measurements was higher than that of anterior corneal astigmatism measurements. Measuring total instead of anterior corneal astigmatism may therefore decrease the residual astigmatism in toric IOL implantation.
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New regression formula for toric intraocular lens calculations. J Cataract Refract Surg 2016; 42:663-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2016.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Caglar C, Batur M, Eser E, Demir H, Yaşar T. The Stabilization Time of Ocular Measurements after Cataract Surgery. Semin Ophthalmol 2016; 32:412-417. [DOI: 10.3109/08820538.2015.1115089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cagatay Caglar
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Batur
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Eray Eser
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Canakkale State Hospital, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Habip Demir
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Tekin Yaşar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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Findl O, Hirnschall N. Principles of corneal measurement for intraocular lens power calculation. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1586/17469899.2016.1164596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kessel L, Andresen J, Tendal B, Erngaard D, Flesner P, Hjortdal J. Toric Intraocular Lenses in the Correction of Astigmatism During Cataract Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ophthalmology 2015; 123:275-286. [PMID: 26601819 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
TOPIC We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the benefit and harms associated with implantation of toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) during cataract surgery. Outcomes were postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA) and distance spectacle independence. Harms were evaluated as surgical complications and residual astigmatism. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Postoperative astigmatism is an important cause of suboptimal UCDVA and need for distance spectacles. Toric IOLs may correct for preexisting corneal astigmatism at the time of surgery. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search in the Embase, PubMed, and CENTRAL databases within the Cochrane Library. We included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) if they compared toric with non-toric IOL implantation (± relaxing incision) in patients with regular corneal astigmatism and age-related cataracts. We assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. We assessed the quality of evidence across studies using the GRADE profiler software (available at: www.gradeworkinggroup.org). RESULTS We included 13 RCTs with 707 eyes randomized to toric IOLs and 706 eyes randomized to non-toric IOLs; 225 eyes had a relaxing incision. We found high-quality evidence that UCDVA was better in the toric IOL group (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [logMAR] mean difference, -0.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.10 to -0.04) and provided greater spectacle independence (risk ratio [RR], 0.51; 95% CI, 0.36-0.71) and moderate quality evidence that toric IOL implantation was not associated with an increased risk of complications (RR, 1.73; 95% CI, 0.60-5.04). Residual astigmatism was lower in the toric IOL group than in the non-toric IOL plus relaxing incision group (mean difference, 0.37 diopter [D]; 95% CI, -0.55 to -0.19). CONCLUSIONS We found that toric IOLs provided better UCDVA, greater spectacle independence, and lower amounts of residual astigmatism than non-toric IOLs even when relaxing incisions were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Kessel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet - Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark; National Danish Medicines and Health Authorities, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Britta Tendal
- National Danish Medicines and Health Authorities, Copenhagen, Denmark; The Nordic Cochrane Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ditte Erngaard
- Department of Ophthalmology, Næstved Hospital, Næstved, Denmark
| | | | - Jesper Hjortdal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital NBG, Aarhus, Denmark
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