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Oliveria JP, Agayby R, Gauvreau GM. Regulatory and IgE + B Cells in Allergic Asthma. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2270:375-418. [PMID: 33479910 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1237-8_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is triggered by inhalation of environmental allergens resulting in bronchial constriction and inflammation, which leads to clinical symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing. Asthmatic airway inflammation is initiated by inflammatory mediators released by granulocytic cells. However, the immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody is necessary for the initiation of the allergic cascade, and IgE is produced and released exclusively by memory B cells and plasma cells. Acute allergen exposure has also been shown to increase IgE levels in the airways of patients diagnosed with allergic asthma; however, more studies are needed to understand local airway inflammation. Additionally, regulatory B cells (Bregs) have been shown to modulate IgE-mediated inflammatory processes in allergic asthma pathogenesis, particularly in mouse models of allergic airway disease. However, the levels and function of these IgE+ B cells and Bregs remain to be elucidated in human models of asthma. The overall objective for this chapter is to provide detailed methodological, and insightful technological advances to study the biology of B cells in allergic asthma pathogenesis. Specifically, we will describe how to investigate the frequency and function of IgE+ B cells and Bregs in allergic asthma, and the kinetics of these cells after allergen exposure in a human asthma model.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Paul Oliveria
- School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Rita Agayby
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Gail M Gauvreau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Pedersen F, Zissler UM, Watz H, Rabe KF, Hohlfeld JM, Holz O. Rating sputum cell quality in clinical trials for asthma and COPD treatment. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019; 14:195-198. [PMID: 30662260 PMCID: PMC6329344 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s188033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Pedersen
- LungenClinic Grosshansdorf, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany, .,Pulmonary Research Institute at LungenClinic Grosshansdorf, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany,
| | - Ulrich M Zissler
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Germany, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Henrik Watz
- Pulmonary Research Institute at LungenClinic Grosshansdorf, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany,
| | - Klaus F Rabe
- LungenClinic Grosshansdorf, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany,
| | - Jens M Hohlfeld
- Fraunhofer ITEM, Clinical Airway Research - Biomedical Research in End-stage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Biomedical Research in End-stage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Olaf Holz
- Fraunhofer ITEM, Clinical Airway Research - Biomedical Research in End-stage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
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Beard JD, Erdely A, Dahm MM, de Perio MA, Birch ME, Evans DE, Fernback JE, Eye T, Kodali V, Mercer RR, Bertke SJ, Schubauer-Berigan MK. Carbon nanotube and nanofiber exposure and sputum and blood biomarkers of early effect among U.S. workers. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 116:214-228. [PMID: 29698898 PMCID: PMC5970999 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbon nanotubes and nanofibers (CNT/F) are increasingly used for diverse applications. Although animal studies suggest CNT/F exposure may cause deleterious health effects, human epidemiological studies have typically been small, confined to single workplaces, and limited in exposure assessment. OBJECTIVES We conducted an industrywide cross-sectional epidemiological study of 108 workers from 12 U.S. sites to evaluate associations between occupational CNT/F exposure and sputum and blood biomarkers of early effect. METHODS We assessed CNT/F exposure via personal breathing zone, filter-based air sampling to measure background-corrected elemental carbon (EC) (a CNT/F marker) mass and microscopy-based CNT/F structure count concentrations. We measured 36 sputum and 37 blood biomarkers. We used factor analyses with varimax rotation to derive factors among sputum and blood biomarkers separately. We used linear, Tobit, and unconditional logistic regression models to adjust for potential confounders and evaluate associations between CNT/F exposure and individual biomarkers and derived factors. RESULTS We derived three sputum and nine blood biomarker factors that explained 78% and 67%, respectively, of the variation. After adjusting for potential confounders, inhalable EC and total inhalable CNT/F structures were associated with the most sputum and blood biomarkers, respectively. Biomarkers associated with at least three CNT/F metrics were 72 kDa type IV collagenase/matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), interleukin-18, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), myeloperoxidase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in sputum and MMP-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, metalloproteinase inhibitor 1/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, GPx, SOD, endothelin-1, fibrinogen, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, vascular cell adhesion protein 1, and von Willebrand factor in blood, although directions of associations were not always as expected. CONCLUSIONS Inhalable rather than respirable CNT/F was more consistently associated with fibrosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and cardiovascular biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Beard
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Aaron Erdely
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Matthew M Dahm
- Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Marie A de Perio
- Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - M Eileen Birch
- Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Douglas E Evans
- Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Joseph E Fernback
- Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tracy Eye
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Vamsi Kodali
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Robert R Mercer
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Stephen J Bertke
- Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mary K Schubauer-Berigan
- Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Kasaian MT, Lee J, Brennan A, Danto SI, Black KE, Fitz L, Dixon AE. Proteomic analysis of serum and sputum analytes distinguishes controlled and poorly controlled asthmatics. Clin Exp Allergy 2018; 48:814-824. [PMID: 29665127 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major goal of asthma therapy is to achieve disease control, with maintenance of lung function, reduced need for rescue medication, and prevention of exacerbation. Despite current standard of care, up to 70% of patients with asthma remain poorly controlled. Analysis of serum and sputum biomarkers could offer insights into parameters associated with poor asthma control. OBJECTIVE To identify signatures as determinants of asthma disease control, we performed proteomics using Olink proximity extension analysis. METHODS Up to 3 longitudinal serum samples were collected from 23 controlled and 25 poorly controlled asthmatics. Nine of the controlled and 8 of the poorly controlled subjects also provided 2 longitudinal sputum samples. The study included an additional cohort of 9 subjects whose serum was collected within 48 hours of asthma exacerbation. Two separate pre-defined Proseek Multiplex panels (INF and CVDIII) were run to quantify 181 separate protein analytes in serum and sputum. RESULTS Panels consisting of 9 markers in serum (CCL19, CCL25, CDCP1, CCL11, FGF21, FGF23, Flt3L, IL-10Rβ, IL-6) and 16 markers in sputum (tPA, KLK6, RETN, ADA, MMP9, Chit1, GRN, PGLYRP1, MPO, HGF, PRTN3, DNER, PI3, Chi3L1, AZU1, and OPG) distinguished controlled and poorly controlled asthmatics. The sputum analytes were consistent with a pattern of neutrophil activation associated with poor asthma control. The serum analyte profile of the exacerbation cohort resembled that of the controlled group rather than that of the poorly controlled asthmatics, possibly reflecting a therapeutic response to systemic corticosteroids. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Proteomic profiles in serum and sputum distinguished controlled and poorly controlled asthmatics, and were maintained over time. Findings support a link between sputum neutrophil markers and loss of asthma control.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Kasaian
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J Lee
- Early Clinical Development, Pfizer, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A Brennan
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - S I Danto
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - K E Black
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - L Fitz
- Early Clinical Development, Pfizer, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A E Dixon
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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Oliveria JP, El-Gammal AI, Yee M, Obminski CD, Scime TX, Watson RM, Howie K, O'Byrne PM, Sehmi R, Gauvreau GM. Changes in regulatory B-cell levels in bone marrow, blood, and sputum of patients with asthma following inhaled allergen challenge. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 141:1495-1498.e9. [PMID: 29221714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- John-Paul Oliveria
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amani I El-Gammal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michelle Yee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Caitlin D Obminski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tara X Scime
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard M Watson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Howie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul M O'Byrne
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roma Sehmi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gail M Gauvreau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Oliveria JP, Salter BM, Phan S, Obminski CD, Munoz CE, Smith SG, Scime T, Watson RM, Sehmi R, Gauvreau GM. Asthmatic subjects with allergy have elevated levels of IgE+ B cells in the airways. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 140:590-593.e9. [PMID: 28213181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.12.981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John-Paul Oliveria
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brittany M Salter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie Phan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Caitlin D Obminski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Caroline E Munoz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven G Smith
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tara Scime
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rick M Watson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roma Sehmi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gail M Gauvreau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Asai K, Kobayashi A, Makihara Y, Johnson M. Anti-inflammatory effects of salmeterol/fluticasone propionate 50/250 mcg combination therapy in Japanese patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2015; 10:803-11. [PMID: 25945045 PMCID: PMC4407765 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s79842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Using sputum neutrophils as the primary measure, and other inflammation biomarkers, this study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of the combination salmeterol 50 mcg and fluticasone propionate 250 mcg (SFC 250) in Japanese patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were treated in a randomized, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled trial with SFC 250 twice daily (n=26) or placebo (n=26) for 12 weeks. At the start and end of treatment, inflammation biomarkers (sputum and serum), lung function, and health status (COPD Assessment Test [CAT] questionnaire) were measured. RESULTS Although a numerical decrease in differential neutrophil count was observed from baseline, SFC 250 did not significantly reduce sputum neutrophils compared with placebo, nor were there significant changes from baseline in the other biomarkers (sputum or serum), lung function, or CAT, versus placebo. Squamous epithelial cell contamination in some sputum samples rendered them unacceptable for analysis, which reduced the sample size to n=19 (SFC 250) and n=10 (placebo). However, inclusion of contaminated samples did not affect the overall trend of the outcome. Ad hoc bootstrap statistical analysis showed a 27.9% (SFC 250) and 1.3% (placebo) decrease in sputum neutrophils. Sputum IL-8 decreased by 43.2% after SFC 250 but increased by 48.3% with placebo. Responder analyses showed 42% of patients had ≥20% decrease in neutrophils from baseline; and 47% of patients had a ≥200 pg/mL change in sputum IL-8 following SFC 250 versus 20% after placebo; both changes are considered clinically relevant. CONCLUSION This study provides additional information about inflammation in Japanese COPD patients and is the first to study the anti-inflammatory effects of SFC 250 in this context and population. In the primary analysis, SFC 250 did not produce significant changes from baseline in sputum neutrophil levels or other sputum or serum inflammatory markers compared with placebo. Secondary ad hoc statistical analysis showed that SFC 250 reduced the number of sputum neutrophils and IL-8 compared with placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhisa Asai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Yukio Makihara
- Medical Affairs Respiratory Department, GlaxoSmithKline, Tokyo, Japan
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