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Dürig J, Calcagni M, Buschmann J. Transition metals in angiogenesis - A narrative review. Mater Today Bio 2023; 22:100757. [PMID: 37593220 PMCID: PMC10430620 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to offer a narrative review of the literature regarding the influence of transition metals on angiogenesis, excluding lanthanides and actinides. To our knowledge there are not any reviews up to date offering such a summary, which inclined us to write this paper. Angiogenesis describes the process of blood vessel formation, which is an essential requirement for human growth and development. When the complex interplay between pro- and antiangiogenic mediators falls out of balance, angiogenesis can quickly become harmful. As it is so fundamental, both its inhibition and enhancement take part in various diseases, making it a target for therapeutic treatments. Current methods come with limitations, therefore, novel agents are constantly being researched, with metal agents offering promising results. Various transition metals have already been investigated in-depth, with studies indicating both pro- and antiangiogenic properties, respectively. The transition metals are being applied in various formulations, such as nanoparticles, complexes, or scaffold materials. Albeit the increasing attention this field is receiving, there remain many unanswered questions, mostly regarding the molecular mechanisms behind the observed effects. Notably, approximately half of all the transition metals have not yet been investigated regarding potential angiogenic effects. Considering the promising results which have already been established, it should be of great interest to begin investigating the remaining elements whilst also further analyzing the established effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Dürig
- University of Zürich, Faculty of Medicine, Pestalozzistrasse 3, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Hospital of Zürich, Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maurizio Calcagni
- University Hospital of Zürich, Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Buschmann
- University Hospital of Zürich, Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zürich, Switzerland
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2
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Hua L, Zhang KY, Liu HW, Chan KS, Lo KKW. Luminescent iridium(III) porphyrin complexes as near-infrared-emissive biological probes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:12444-12453. [PMID: 37594412 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02104a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
We report herein the design, synthesis and characterisation of a series of luminescent iridium(III) porphyrin complexes [Ir(ttp)(CH2CH2OH)] (H2ttp = 5,10,15,20-tetra-4-tolylporphyrin) (1), [Ir(tpp-Ph-NO2)(CO)Cl] (H2tpp-Ph-NO2 = 5-(4-((4-nitrophenoxy)carbonyloxymethyl)phenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin) (2), [Ir(tpp-COOMe)(Py)2](Cl) (H2tpp-COOMe = 5-(4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin; Py = pyridine) (3) and [Ir(tpp-COOH)(Py)2](Cl) (H2tpp-COOH = 5-(4-carboxylphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin) (4). All the complexes displayed long-lived near-infrared (NIR) emission attributed to an excited state of mixed triplet intraligand (3IL) (π → π*) (porphyrin) and triplet metal-to-ligand charge transfer (3MLCT) (dπ(Ir) → π*(porphyrin)) character. The cytotoxicity of the complexes toward HeLa cells was examined by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The cationic complexes 3 and 4 exhibited higher cytotoxic activity toward HeLa cells than their neutral counterparts 1 and 2. Cellular uptake studies by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and laser-scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) indicated that complexes 3 and 4 showed higher cellular uptake efficiencies than complexes 1 and 2 due to their cationic charge, and they were enriched in the perinuclear region of the cells with negligible nuclear uptake. Additionally, the carboxyl complex 4 was used to label a model protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) via an amidation reaction. The resultant luminescent protein conjugate 4-BSA displayed similar photophysical properties and intracellular localisation behaviour to its parent complex. The results of this work will contribute to the development of luminescent iridium(III) porphyrin complexes and related bioconjugates as NIR-emissive probes for bioimaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Hua
- Department of Chemistry, Bengbu Medical College, Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, P. R. China.
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Kenneth Yin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Wei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Kin-Shing Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimetre Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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Fu WJ, Li WL, Zhang YX, Zhang JX, Li J. Quantum Chemical Studies of the Electronic Structures of Anti-tumor Agents: AuIIIL+ (L = Porphine, Tetraphenylporphyrin). COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Synthesis and cytotoxicity study of gold(III) porphyrin complexes and their derivative in breast cancer cells. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2021.101366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Dandash F, Leger DY, Diab-Assaf M, Sol V, Liagre B. Porphyrin/Chlorin Derivatives as Promising Molecules for Therapy of Colorectal Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:7268. [PMID: 34885849 PMCID: PMC8659284 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death. The demand for new therapeutic approaches has increased attention paid toward therapies with high targeting efficiency, improved selectivity and few side effects. Porphyrins are powerful molecules with exceptional properties and multifunctional uses, and their special affinity to cancer cells makes them the ligands par excellence for anticancer drugs. Porphyrin derivatives are used as the most important photosensitizers (PSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT), which is a promising approach for anticancer treatment. Nevertheless, the lack of solubility and selectivity of the large majority of these macrocycles led to the development of different photosensitizer complexes. In addition, targeting agents or nanoparticles were used to increase the efficiency of these macrocycles for PDT applications. On the other hand, gold tetrapyrrolic macrocycles alone showed very interesting chemotherapeutic activity without PDT. In this review, we discuss the most important porphyrin derivatives, alone or associated with other drugs, which have been found effective against CRC, as we describe their modifications and developments through substitutions and delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Dandash
- Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Lebanese University, Hadath, Beirut 21219, Lebanon; (F.D.); (M.D.-A.)
| | - David Y. Leger
- Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie et Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Limoges, 2 Rue du Dr Marcland, CEDEX, 87025 Limoges, France; (D.Y.L.); (V.S.)
| | - Mona Diab-Assaf
- Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Lebanese University, Hadath, Beirut 21219, Lebanon; (F.D.); (M.D.-A.)
| | - Vincent Sol
- Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie et Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Limoges, 2 Rue du Dr Marcland, CEDEX, 87025 Limoges, France; (D.Y.L.); (V.S.)
| | - Bertrand Liagre
- Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie et Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Limoges, 2 Rue du Dr Marcland, CEDEX, 87025 Limoges, France; (D.Y.L.); (V.S.)
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Mirzadeh N, Telukutla SR, Luwor R, Privér S, Velma GR, Jakku RK, Andrew N S, Plebanski M, Christian H, Bhargava S. Dinuclear orthometallated gold(I)-gold(III) anticancer complexes with potent in vivo activity through an ROS-dependent mechanism. Metallomics 2021; 13:6308826. [PMID: 34165566 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfab039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Increasingly explored over the last decade, gold complexes have shown great promise in the field of cancer therapeutics. A major obstacle to their clinical progression has been their lack of in vivo stability, particularly for gold(III) complexes, which often undergo a facile reduction in the presence of biomolecules such as glutathione. Herein, we report a new class of promising anticancer gold(I)-gold(III) complexes with the general formula [XAuI(μ-2-C6F4PPh2)(κ2-2-C6F4PPh2)AuIIIX] [X = Cl (1), Br (2), NO3 (3)] which feature two gold atoms in different oxidation states (I and III) in a single molecule. Interestingly, gold(I)-gold(III) complexes (1-3) are stable against glutathione reduction under physiological-like conditions. In addition, complexes 1-3 exhibit significant cytotoxicity (276-fold greater than cisplatin) toward the tested cancer cells compared to the noncancerous cells. Moreover, the gold(I)-gold(III) complexes do not interact with DNA-like cisplatin but target cellular thioredoxin reductase, an enzyme linked to the development of cisplatin drug resistance. Complexes 1-3 also showed potential to inhibit cancer and endothelial cell migration, as well as tube formation during angiogenesis. In vivo studies in a murine HeLa xenograft model further showed the gold compounds may inhibit tumor growth on par clinically used cisplatin, supporting the significant potential this new compound class has for further development as cancer therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nedaossadat Mirzadeh
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Telukutla
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Rodney Luwor
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Steven Privér
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Ganga Reddy Velma
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Ranjith Kumar Jakku
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Stephens Andrew N
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | | | - Hartinger Christian
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Suresh Bhargava
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
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Tong KC, Hu D, Wan PK, Lok CN, Che CM. Anticancer Gold(III) Compounds With Porphyrin or N-heterocyclic Carbene Ligands. Front Chem 2020; 8:587207. [PMID: 33240849 PMCID: PMC7677586 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.587207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of gold in medicine has a long history. Recent clinical applications include anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (chrysotherapy), and is currently being developed as potential anticancer chemotherapeutics. Gold(III), being isoelectronic to platinum(II) as in cisplatin, is of great interest but it is inherently unstable and redox-reactive under physiological conditions. Coordination ligands containing C and/or N donor atom(s) such as porphyrin, pincer-type cyclometalated and/or N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) can be employed to stabilize gold(III) ion for the preparation of anticancer active compounds. In this review, we described our recent work on the anticancer properties of gold(III) compounds and the identification of molecular targets involved in the mechanisms of action. We also summarized the chemical formulation strategies that have been adopted for the delivery of cytotoxic gold compounds, and for ameliorating the in vivo toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Chung Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Health@InnoHK, Hong Kong, China
| | - Di Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Health@InnoHK, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pui-Ki Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Health@InnoHK, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Nam Lok
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Health@InnoHK, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Health@InnoHK, Hong Kong, China
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9
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Tyulyaeva EY. Reaction chemistry of noble metal porphyrins in solutions as a foundation for practical applications. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Multifunctional Microparticles Incorporating Gold Compound Inhibit Human Lung Cancer Xenograft. Pharm Res 2020; 37:220. [PMID: 33051728 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02931-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gold porphyrin (AuP) is a complex that has been shown to be potent against various tumors. A biocompatible interpenetrating network (IPN) system comprised of polyethyleneglycol diacrylate (PEGdA) and chemically-modified gelatin has been shown to be an effective implantable drug depot to deliver AuP locally. Here we designed IPN microparticles complexed with AuP to facilitate intravenous administration and to diminish systemic toxicity. METHODS We have synthesized and optimized an IPN microparticle formulation complexed with AuP. Tumor cell cytotoxicity, antitumor activity, and survival rate in lung cancer bearing nude mice were analyzed. RESULTS IPN microparticles maintained AuP bioactivity against lung cancer cells (NCI-H460). In vivo study showed no observable systemic toxicity in nude mice bearing NCI-H460 xenografts after intravenous injection of 6 mg/kg AuP formulated with IPN microparticles. An anti-tumor activity level comparable to free AuP was maintained. Mice treated with 6 mg/kg AuP in IPN microparticles showed 100% survival rate while the survival rate of mice treated with free AuP was much less. Furthermore, microparticle-formulated AuP significantly reduced the intratumoral microvasculature when compared with the control. CONCLUSION AuP in IPN microparticles can reduce the systemic toxicity of AuP without compromising its antitumor activity. This work highlighted the potential application of AuP in IPN microparticles for anticancer chemotherapy.
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Tyulyaeva EY. Modern Approaches in the Synthesis of Noble Metal Porphyrins for Their Practical Application (Review). RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023619140110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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12
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Binding of Gold(III) Porphyrin by the Pro-metastatic Regulatory Protein Human Galectin-3. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244561. [PMID: 31842510 PMCID: PMC6943629 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold(III) porphyrin presents an attractive alternative to the use of, for example, cisplatin in chemotherapy. However, approaches that allow to selectively target cancer cells are highly sought. Many plant and mammalian lectins have been shown to bind oligosaccharide sequences of the aberrant glycosylation pattern found on cancerous tumors. For example human galectin-3, of the galectin family specific for β-galactoside, is overexpressed in the extracellular matrix of tumorigenous and metastatic tissues. We searched for non-carbohydrate ligands for galectin-3 that can guide a cytotoxic drug to the cancer cells by maintaining its affinity for tumor associated carbohydrate antigens. Previous findings showed that zinc tetrasulfonatophenylporphyrin can bind galectin-3 with sub-micromolar affinity without disturbing lactose binding. Gold(III) porphyrin is not only cytotoxic to cancer cells, it knows also a potential application as photosensitiser in photodynamic therapy. We investigated the binding of gold(III) porphyrin to galectin-3 using different biophysical interaction techniques and demonstrated a low micromolar affinity of human galectin-3 for the cytotoxic compound. Co-crystallization attempts in order to understand the binding mode of gold porphyrin to galectin-3 failed, but molecular docking emphasized a highly populated secondary binding site that does not hinder lactose or Thomsen Friendenreich disaccharide binding. This suggests that gold(III) porphyrin might significantly enhance its concentration and delivery to cancer cells by binding to human galectin-3 that keeps its orientation towards tumor associated carbohydrate antigens.
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Grigore ME, Ion RM, Iancu L, Grigorescu RM. Tailored porphyrin–gold nanoparticles for biomedical applications. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s108842461930012x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this review we present an updated survey of the main synthesis methods of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in order to obtain various tailored nanosystems for biomedical imaging. The synthesis approach significantly impacts on the AuNPs properties such as surface chemistry, biocompatibility and cytotoxicity. In recent years, nanomedicine emphasized the development of functionalized AuNPs for biomedical imaging. AuNPs are a good option for used as delivery photosensitizer agents for PDT of cancer. For example, the complex formed from AuNPs functionalized with PEGylate porphyrins presents several advantages in the medical field such as a better use in photodynamic therapy because of high triplet states and singlet oxygen quantum yield efficiency of porphyrin molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina E. Grigore
- “Evaluation and Conservation of Cultural Heritage” Research Group, ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021, Romania
| | - Rodica-M. Ion
- “Evaluation and Conservation of Cultural Heritage” Research Group, ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021, Romania
- Doctoral School of Materials Engineering, Valahia University of Targoviste, Aleea Sinaia, No. 13, 130005, Romania
| | - Lorena Iancu
- “Evaluation and Conservation of Cultural Heritage” Research Group, ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021, Romania
- Doctoral School of Materials Engineering, Valahia University of Targoviste, Aleea Sinaia, No. 13, 130005, Romania
| | - Ramona M. Grigorescu
- “Evaluation and Conservation of Cultural Heritage” Research Group, ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021, Romania
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A Multifunctional Hydrogel Delivers Gold Compound and Inhibits Human Lung Cancer Xenograft. Pharm Res 2019; 36:61. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2581-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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15
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Liang JX, Zhong HJ, Yang G, Vellaisamy K, Ma DL, Leung CH. Recent development of transition metal complexes with in vivo antitumor activity. J Inorg Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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16
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In vitro anticancer activity of new gold(III) porphyrin complexes in colon cancer cells. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 177:27-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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17
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Shi L, Jiang YY, Jiang T, Yin W, Yang JP, Cao ML, Fang YQ, Liu HY. Water-soluble Manganese and Iron Mesotetrakis(carboxyl)porphyrin: DNA Binding, Oxidative Cleavage, and Cytotoxic Activities. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22071084. [PMID: 28661455 PMCID: PMC6152243 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Two new water-soluble metal carboxyl porphyrins, manganese (III) meso-tetrakis (carboxyl) porphyrin and iron (III) meso-tetrakis (carboxyl) porphyrin, were synthesized and characterized. Their interactions with ct-DNA were investigated by UV-Vis titration, fluorescence spectra, viscosity measurement and CD spectra. The results showed they can strongly bind to ct-DNA via outside binding mode. Electrophoresis experiments revealed that both complexes can cleave pBR322 DNA efficiently in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, albeit 2-Mn exhibited a little higher efficiency. The inhibitor tests suggest the oxidative DNA cleavage by these two complexes may involve hydroxyl radical active intermediates. Notably, 2-Mn exhibited considerable photocytotoxicity against Hep G2 cell via triggering a significant generation of ROS and causing disruption of MMP after irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou 510303, China.
- Engineering Technology Development Center of Advanced Materials & Energy Saving and Emission Reduction in Guangdong Colleges and Universities, Guangzhou 510303, China.
| | - Yi-Yu Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou 510303, China.
| | - Wei Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou 510303, China.
- Engineering Technology Development Center of Advanced Materials & Energy Saving and Emission Reduction in Guangdong Colleges and Universities, Guangzhou 510303, China.
| | - Jian-Ping Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou 510303, China.
- Engineering Technology Development Center of Advanced Materials & Energy Saving and Emission Reduction in Guangdong Colleges and Universities, Guangzhou 510303, China.
| | - Man-Li Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou 510303, China.
- Engineering Technology Development Center of Advanced Materials & Energy Saving and Emission Reduction in Guangdong Colleges and Universities, Guangzhou 510303, China.
| | - Yu-Qi Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou 510303, China.
| | - Hai-Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
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Fouani L, Menezes SV, Paulson M, Richardson DR, Kovacevic Z. Metals and metastasis: Exploiting the role of metals in cancer metastasis to develop novel anti-metastatic agents. Pharmacol Res 2017; 115:275-287. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Aderibigbe BA. Polymeric Prodrugs Containing Metal-Based Anticancer Drugs. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-015-0220-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Zou T, Lum CT, Lok CN, Zhang JJ, Che CM. Chemical biology of anticancer gold(iii) and gold(i) complexes. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:8786-801. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00132c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Anticancer gold complexes, including their mechanisms of action and the approaches adopted to improve the anticancer efficiency are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
- Chemical Biology Centre and Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong
| | - Ching Tung Lum
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
- Chemical Biology Centre and Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong
| | - Chun-Nam Lok
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
- Chemical Biology Centre and Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong
| | - Jing-Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
- Chemical Biology Centre and Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
- Chemical Biology Centre and Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong
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Novel amphiphilic cationic porphyrin and its Ag(II) complex as potential anticancer agents. J Inorg Biochem 2014; 140:94-103. [PMID: 25086237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2014.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present study we have synthesized a novel amphiphilic porphyrin and its Ag(II) complex through modification of water-soluble porphyrinic structure in order to increase its lipophilicity and in turn pharmacological potency. New cationic non-symmetrical meso-substituted porphyrins were characterized by UV-visible, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), (1)H NMR techniques, lipophilicity (thin-layer chromatographic retention factor, Rf), and elemental analysis. The key toxicological profile (i.e. cytotoxicity and cell line- (cancer type-) specificity; genotoxicity; cell cycle effects) of amphiphilic Ag porphyrin was studied in human normal and cancer cell lines of various tissue origins and compared with its water-soluble analog. Structural modification of the molecule from water-soluble to amphiphilic resulted in a certain increase in the cytotoxicity and a decrease in cell line-specificity. Importantly, Ag(II) porphyrin showed less toxicity to normal cells and greater toxicity to their cancerous counterparts as compared to cisplatin. The amphiphilic complex was also not genotoxic and demonstrated a slight cytostatic effect via the cell cycle delay due to the prolongation of S-phase. As expected, the performed structural modification affected also the photocytotoxic activity of metal-free amphiphilic porphyrin. The ligand tested on cancer cell line revealed a dramatic (more than 70-fold) amplification of its phototoxic activity as compared to its water-soluble tetracationic metal-free analog. The compound combines low dark cytotoxicity with 5 fold stronger phototoxicity relative to Chlorin e6 and could be considered as a potential photosensitizer for further development in photodynamic therapy.
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Lum CT, Wai-Yin Sun R, Zou T, Che CM. Gold(iii) complexes inhibit growth of cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer in association with upregulation of proapoptotic PMS2 gene. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc53203h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Spagnul C, Alberto R, Gasser G, Ferrari S, Pierroz V, Bergamo A, Gianferrara T, Alessio E. Novel water-soluble 99mTc(I)/Re(I)-porphyrin conjugates as potential multimodal agents for molecular imaging. J Inorg Biochem 2013; 122:57-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Sun L, Chen H, Zhang Z, Yang Q, Tong H, Xu A, Wang C. Synthesis and cancer cell cytotoxicity of water-soluble gold(III) substituted tetraarylporphyrin. J Inorg Biochem 2011; 108:47-52. [PMID: 22265838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of novel substituted gold(III) tetraarylporphyrins with aqueous solubility has been carried out. The analogs ClAuTPP(CH(3)Py(+)·I(-)), ClAuTCPPNa, ClAuTPPCO(2)Na, ClAuTSPPNa and ClAuTPPNH(2)·HCl were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against sarcoma 180 mouse tumor and SGC-7901 human gastric cancer cell line panel. Compound ClAuTCPPNa exhibited significant growth inhibitory properties against sarcoma 180 mouse tumor and SGC-7901 human gastric cancer cell examined, and afforded IC(50) values <25 μM for 66.63% of the cell lines in the panel. Compound ClAuTPPNH(2)·HCl was an effective inhibitor of sarcoma 180 mouse tumor and SGC-7901 human gastric cancer cell growth, but generally less effective as a cytotoxic agent. Thus, the substituted gold(III) porphyrin ClAuTCPP-Na(+) and ClAuTPPNH(2)·HCl with aqueous solubility were regarded as useful lead compounds for further structural optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
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Che CM, Sun RWY. Therapeutic applications of gold complexes: lipophilic gold(III) cations and gold(I) complexes for anti-cancer treatment. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:9554-60. [PMID: 21674082 DOI: 10.1039/c1cc10860c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Gold and its complexes have long been known to display unique biological and medicinal properties. Extensive cell-based (in vitro) and animal (in vivo) studies have revealed the potent anti-cancer activities of diverse classes of gold(I) and gold(III) complexes. Most of the reported anti-cancer active gold complexes are highly cytotoxic and unstable under physiological conditions, which hamper their development to be launched clinically. Several clinical reports showed that lipophilic organic cations are promising anti-cancer drug candidates targeting to mitochondria. Through metal-ligand coordination, gold(I) and gold(III) ions can form stable lipophilic cations containing organic ligands having tunable lipophilicity and diverse functionalities. The present highlight summarizes the recent development of lipophilic gold(III) cations and gold(I) complexes with promising anti-cancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ming Che
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong.
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Berners-Price SJ, Filipovska A. Gold compounds as therapeutic agents for human diseases. Metallomics 2011; 3:863-73. [DOI: 10.1039/c1mt00062d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 375] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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