1
|
Wang H, Li XB, Huang RG, Cao NW, Wu H, Li KD, Wang YY, Li BZ. Essential Trace Element Status in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: a Meta-analysis Based on Case-Control Studies. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:2170-2182. [PMID: 35750995 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03335-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The homeostasis of trace elements is essential to regulate different aspects of the immune system and might play important roles in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, epidemiological evidences that compared the level of essential trace elements in SLE patients and healthy controls (HCs) did not reach a consensus. This was the first meta-analysis to comprehensively assess the level of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and selenium (Se) in SLE and HCs. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched until April 2022 to find relevant literatures. The PRISMA statement 2020 was followed to make sure the quality of reporting a meta-analysis. The outcomes were assessed by pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Finally, eleven articles with 1262 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. Significantly lower levels of Zn (SMD = -0.709; 95% CI: -1.173, -0.245; P = 0.003) and Fe (SMD = -1.783; 95% CI: -2.756, -0.809; P = 0.000) were found in SLE compared with HCs. Higher levels of Cu (SMD = 0.808; 95% CI: 0.234, 1.382; P = 0.006) were found in SLE patients. In addition, compared with HCs, Fe and Zn were lower in SLE patients in Asia and Cu was higher in SLE patients in Europe. However, no significant difference was observed in the level of Se (SMD = -0.251; 95% CI: -1.087, 0.586; P = 0.557). Above all, SLE patients exhibited lower Zn and Fe and increased Cu concentrations compared with HCs. Further studies are warranted to investigate the mechanism of Zn, Cu, and Fe in SLE patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xian-Bao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Rong-Gui Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Nv-Wei Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Kai-Di Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yi-Yu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bao-Zhu Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tarçın G, Karakaş H, Şahin S, Turan H, Yıldız M, Özer Y, Haşlak F, Bingöl Aydın D, Adroviç A, Barut K, Kasapçopur Ö, Ercan O. Insulin resistance in children with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus and ınvestigation of the possibly responsible factors. Clin Rheumatol 2021; 41:795-801. [PMID: 34617197 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05952-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Insulin resistance (IR) has been described in adults with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), though its mechanism has not been fully clarified. In this study, it was aimed to investigate insulin sensitivity for the first time in children with juvenile SLE (jSLE) by considering the effect of the already known contributing factors of IR. METHOD This is a cross-sectional study including 43 patients with jSLE and the same number of healthy controls matched for age, gender, pubertal stage, body mass index, and physical activity level. IR, as calculated by both homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and a relatively new method, triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, was compared between the patients and their matched controls, also among the patients stratified by disease duration, corticosteroid use, and disease activity. RESULTS Insulin resistance in the patient group was higher than the controls according to both HOMA-IR and TyG index (p < 0.001 for both). In the patient group, no significant effect of disease duration, corticosteroid use, disease activity, and levels of anti-dsDNA, anti-cardiolipin IgM, anti-cardiolipin IgG, C3, and C4 on IR was demonstrated. CONCLUSION Children with jSLE were found to have higher IR even after neutralizing the effects of the contributing factors which are expected to aggravate IR. This elevation in IR in jSLE seems not to be associated with corticosteroid use, disease duration, disease activity, or autoantibody levels. Thus, the presence of IR in jSLE cannot be explained solely with neither the already known contributing factors nor the increased inflammation of the disease. Key Points • In this study, insulin sensitivity was investigated for the first time in children with jSLE. • Children with jSLE have higher insulin resistance than healthy ones. • Insulin resistance in children with jSLE is independent of corticosteroid use, disease duration, disease activity or autoantibody, and complement levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gürkan Tarçın
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hasan Karakaş
- Department of Pediatrics, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Şahin
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hande Turan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yıldız
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Özer
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Haşlak
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Bingöl Aydın
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amra Adroviç
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kenan Barut
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özgür Kasapçopur
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oya Ercan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ye D, Zhu Z, Huang H, Sun X, Liu B, Xu X, He Z, Li S, Wen C, Mao Y. Genetically Predicted Serum Iron Status Is Associated with Altered Risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus among European Populations. J Nutr 2021; 151:1473-1478. [PMID: 33693920 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational epidemiological studies have reported an inconsistent relation between iron status and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Moreover, it remains uncertain whether the observed association is causal or due to confounding or reverse causality. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the association between serum iron status and risk of SLE using a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. METHODS Genetic instruments for iron status including serum iron, log-transformed ferritin, transferrin saturation, and transferrin were identified from a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) performed by the Genetics of Iron Status Consortium among 48,972 individuals of European ancestry (55% female). Three independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs1800562, rs1799945, and rs855791) concordantly related with 4 iron status biomarkers were selected as instrumental variables. Summary statistics of SLE were obtained from a publicly available GWAS of 4036 patients with SLE and 6959 controls of European descent. The MR study was conducted using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, supplemented with MR-Egger regression and simple- and weighted-median methods. Leave-one-out analysis was further performed to test the robustness of our findings. ORs with 95% CIs were calculated. RESULTS Genetically predicted iron status was associated with altered risk of SLE, with ORs of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.66, 0.94), 0.54 (95% CI: 0.34, 0.85), 0.82 (95% CI: 0.71, 0.94), and 1.36 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.76) per 1-SD increase in iron, log-transformed ferritin, transferrin saturation, and transferrin using the IVW method, respectively. MR-Egger regression did not indicate potential pleiotropic bias. Sensitivity analyses produced similar findings, suggesting the robustness of the association. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that high iron status may be associated with a reduced risk of SLE among European populations. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanism underlying the protective role of iron against susceptibility to SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ding Ye
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengyang Zhu
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huijun Huang
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia Xu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhixing He
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songtao Li
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengping Wen
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingying Mao
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Merashli M, Bucci T, Pastori D, Pignatelli P, Arcaro A, Gentile F, Marottoli V, Ames PRJ. Isoprostanes in systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 20:102821. [PMID: 33872768 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mira Merashli
- Department of Rheumatology, American University of Beirut, Bliss, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Tommaso Bucci
- Department of General Surgery, Surgical Specialties and Organ Transplantation "Paride Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Pastori
- Prima Clinica Medica, Atherothrombosis Centre, Department of Clinical, Internal Medicine, Anaesthesiologic, & Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pignatelli
- Prima Clinica Medica, Atherothrombosis Centre, Department of Clinical, Internal Medicine, Anaesthesiologic, & Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Arcaro
- Department of Medicine & Health Sciences 'V.Tiberio', University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gentile
- Department of Medicine & Health Sciences 'V.Tiberio', University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | | | - Paul R J Ames
- Immune Response and Vascular Disease Unit, CEDOC, Nova University Lisbon, Rua Camara Pestana, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Haematology, Dumfries Royal Infirmary, Cargenbridge, Dumfries, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Urinary ferritin creatinine ratio, a potential biomarker for lupus nephritis activity. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 40:143-149. [PMID: 32557256 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05214-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVE Ferritin has gained increasing attention in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of urinary ferritin/creatinine ratio in lupus nephritis (LN). METHOD Samples from 62 SLE patients (35 with LN and 27 without LN) and 62 healthy controls were evaluated. There were nine patients who underwent renal biopsy. The amount of urinary ferritin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and normalized by the amount of urinary creatinine to obtain the urinary ferritin/creatinine ratio (UFCR). The relationships between UFCR and inflammatory markers, laboratory indicators, as well as the activity index (AI), and chronicity index (CI) of KBs were also investigated by correlation analysis. RESULTS UFCR level in severe active SLE patients was significantly higher than that in inactive SLE patients (P < 0.01) or healthy controls (P < 0.01). In addition, UFCR level was significantly increased in the patients with LN when compared with those without LN (P < 0.01).Correlation analysis showed that UFCR level is positively correlated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) (P < 0.01), 24 h urine protein quantitation, serum creatinine, serum cystatin C, and GFR. The UFCR levels was significantly positively correlated with AI (P < 0.05) but not CI (P = 0.614) of KBs. CONCLUSIONS UFCR level is a potential biomarker for the kidney injury in LN. Key Points • UFCR level is significantly increased in LN patients. • UFCR level is positively correlated with SLEDAI. • UFCR level is closely related to kidney injury indicators. • UFCR level is a potential biomarker for the kidney injury in LN.
Collapse
|
6
|
Pedro EM, da Rosa Franchi Santos LF, Scavuzzi BM, Iriyoda TMV, Peixe TS, Lozovoy MAB, Reiche EMV, Dichi I, Simão ANC, Santos MJ. Trace Elements Associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Insulin Resistance. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 191:34-44. [PMID: 30600500 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1592-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of multifactorial origin. Studies have shown that trace elements such as zinc and copper may help maintain optimum function of the immune system and metabolism, while toxic metals such as lead may increase systemic autoimmunity. The current study aimed to assess the relationship between serum concentration of lithium (Li), vanadium (V), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) and SLE diagnosis, disease activity measured by SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) and insulin resistance (IR). This case-control, cross-sectional study included 225 patients, 120 healthy controls, and 105 SLE patients. Serum concentration of Li, V, Cu, Zn, Mo, Cd, and Pb was measured. Serum concentrations of V (p < 0.001), Zn (p < 0.001), and Pb (p < 0.001) were lower and Mo (p < 0.001) and Li (p < 0.001) were higher in patients with SLE compared to healthy controls. SLE diagnosis was associated with higher serum Li (p < 0.001) concentration and lower V (p < 0.001), Zn (p = 0.003), and Pb (p = 0.020). Toxic metals and trace elements were not associated with disease activity. Levels of Cd were higher in patients with IR (p = 0.042). There was no significant association between IR and the other metals. The results indicate that SLE patients have different profiles of trace elements and toxic metals compared to healthy controls. While some toxic metals and trace elements were found to be associated with SLE diagnosis, they had no effect on disease activity and IR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliel Marcio Pedro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Tiago Severo Peixe
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, University of Londrina, Rua Robert Koch, n 60, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcell Alysson Batiste Lozovoy
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, University of Londrina, Rua Robert Koch, n 60, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Edna Maria Vissoci Reiche
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, University of Londrina, Rua Robert Koch, n 60, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Isaias Dichi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Andréa Name Colado Simão
- Department of Rheumatology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica, PUC, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, University of Londrina, Rua Robert Koch, n 60, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Maria Josefa Santos
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, University of Londrina, Rua Robert Koch, n 60, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Introduction: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is now recognized as a chronic proinflammatory and prothrombotic state that aggravates insulin resistance, oxidative injury, and cardiovascular risk. MetS is more prevalent in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a prototype of systemic autoimmune disease associated with premature atherosclerosis that cannot be accounted by traditional vascular risk factors alone. Dysregulation of the cytokines and adipokines is a common feature in both SLE and MetS, suggesting a complex relationship among autoimmunity, obesity, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Areas covered: This review summarizes the prevalence of MetS and its effect on cardiovascular outcome and organ damage in patients with SLE. The pathophysiology of MetS and its relevance to SLE is also briefly discussed. Expert opinion: Imbalance of adipokine production in MetS contributes to inflammation and atherosclerosis. MetS predisposes SLE patients to new cardiovascular events and vascular mortality, as well as the development of chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus. However, conflicting results have been reported in the literature regarding the levels of the proinflammatory leptin and anti-inflammatory adiponectin, and their relationship with disease activity in SLE patients. While lifestyle modifications and targeting dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus is essential, there is little information on the efficacy and safety of metformin and hydroxychloroquine in alleviating insulin resistance in SLE or MetS. Further research on adipokines in SLE and the role of anti-obesity medications and probiotics in MetS is necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Chiu Mok
- a Department of Medicine , Tuen Mun Hospital , Hong Kong , SAR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Contreras-Haro B, Hernandez-Gonzalez SO, Gonzalez-Lopez L, Espinel-Bermudez MC, Garcia-Benavides L, Perez-Guerrero E, Vazquez-Villegas ML, Robles-Cervantes JA, Salazar-Paramo M, Hernandez-Corona DM, Nava-Zavala AH, Gamez-Nava JI. Fasting triglycerides and glucose index: a useful screening test for assessing insulin resistance in patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2019; 11:95. [PMID: 31788032 PMCID: PMC6880507 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-019-0495-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) is frequently observed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In clinical practice, IR assessment is limited to a low proportion of patients due to cost and equipment and technical expertise requirements. The surrogate index of triglycerides and glucose (TyG index) has been validated in non-rheumatic populations, showing adequate sensitivity and specificity for IR, although this index has not yet been used in connective tissue disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of insulin resistance (IR) using the validated surrogate index of triglycerides and glucose (TyG index) and to explore factors associated with IR in Mexican women with RA or SLE. METHODS Ninety-five female RA and 57 SLE patients were included in a cross-sectional study. Clinical and epidemiological variables were evaluated. IR was assessed using the TyG index with a cutoff value of > 4.68. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with IR excluding confounders. RESULTS IR frequency in the entire sample was 50%, higher than the 10% observed in non-rheumatic controls (p < 0.001). The frequency of IR was similar in SLE (49.1%) and RA (50.5%, p = 0.8) patients. IR was associated with a longer duration of hypertension and higher total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Based on multivariate analysis, the duration of hypertension (OR: 1.06; 95% CI 1.002-1.12, p = 0.04), waist circumference (OR: 1.04; 95% CI 1.01-1.08, p = 0.007), uric acid levels (OR: 1.46; 95% CI 1.08-1.97, p = 0.01), RA (OR: 4.87; 95% CI 1.31-18.78, p = 0.01) and SLE (OR: 4.22; 95% CI 1.06-16.74, p = 0.04) were the main risk factors for IR. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that the TyG index is a useful screening test for IR in RA and SLE patients. Future longitudinal studies should be performed with the aim of identifying the predictive value of TyG index results for identifying complications linked to IR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Betsabe Contreras-Haro
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Sandra Ofelia Hernandez-Gonzalez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, and División de Investigación en Salud, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Laura Gonzalez-Lopez
- Programa de Doctorado en Farmacología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Maria Claudia Espinel-Bermudez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, and División de Investigación en Salud, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Leonel Garcia-Benavides
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Edsaul Perez-Guerrero
- Programa de Doctorado en Salud Publica e Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (U de G), Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Maria Luisa Vazquez-Villegas
- Programa de Doctorado en Salud Publica e Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (U de G), Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Jose Antonio Robles-Cervantes
- Division of Internal Medicine, Jalisco Institute of Reconstructive Surgery “Dr. José Guerrerosantos”, Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Mario Salazar-Paramo
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, and División de Investigación en Salud, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | | | - Arnulfo Hernan Nava-Zavala
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, and División de Investigación en Salud, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
- Programa Internacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Av. Patria No. 1201, Lomas del Valle, CP 45129 Zapopan, Jalisco Mexico
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital General de Occidente, Secretaria de Salud Jalisco, Zapopan, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Jorge I. Gamez-Nava
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, and División de Investigación en Salud, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Park J, Lee J, Lee D, Lee Y. Serum γ-glutamyltransferase level and metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Diabetes Investig 2017; 9:522-528. [PMID: 28741806 PMCID: PMC5934261 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Serum γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is positively related to cardiometabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and metabolic syndrome (MetS), in adult populations. Our aim was to investigate whether serum GGT is independently associated with MetS and its components in a nationally representative sample of Korean children and adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included data from 1,618 participants (867 boys, 751 girls) aged 10-18 years from the 2010-2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. MetS was diagnosed by the 2007 International Diabetes Federation criteria for children and adolescents. Participants were stratified using a cut-off value of the 75th percentile of serum GGT levels (19 IU/L for boys, 15 IU/L for girls). The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for MetS and its components were determined with multiple logistic regression analyses. RESULTS The mean values of most cardiometabolic variables were significantly higher in the upper stratum. Except for low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in boys and elevated blood pressure in girls, participants in the upper GGT stratum had significantly higher odds of MetS and its components than those in the lower stratum. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratios for MetS for the upper stratum were 5.79 (95% confidence interval 1.21-27.02) in boys and 6.20 (95% confidence interval 1.71-22.47) in girls, after adjusting for age, household income and residential area. CONCLUSIONS Serum GGT was positively associated with MetS and its components in Korean children and adolescents. Serum GGT could be a useful measure for identifying children and adolescents with MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae‐Min Park
- Department of Family MedicineKonkuk University Medical CenterSeoulKorea
| | - Jee‐Yon Lee
- Department of Family MedicineCHA University College of MedicineChaum Life CenterCHA Bundang Medical CenterSeoulKorea
| | - Duk‐Chul Lee
- Department of Family MedicineYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Yong‐Jae Lee
- Department of Family MedicineYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
van 't Erve TJ, Kadiiska MB, London SJ, Mason RP. Classifying oxidative stress by F 2-isoprostane levels across human diseases: A meta-analysis. Redox Biol 2017; 12:582-599. [PMID: 28391180 PMCID: PMC5384299 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The notion that oxidative stress plays a role in virtually every human disease and environmental exposure has become ingrained in everyday knowledge. However, mounting evidence regarding the lack of specificity of biomarkers traditionally used as indicators of oxidative stress in human disease and exposures now necessitates re-evaluation. To prioritize these re-evaluations, published literature was comprehensively analyzed in a meta-analysis to quantitatively classify the levels of systemic oxidative damage across human disease and in response to environmental exposures. In this meta-analysis, the F2-isoprostane, 8-iso-PGF2α, was specifically chosen as the representative marker of oxidative damage. To combine published values across measurement methods and specimens, the standardized mean differences (Hedges’ g) in 8-iso-PGF2α levels between affected and control populations were calculated. The meta-analysis resulted in a classification of oxidative damage levels as measured by 8-iso-PGF2α across 50 human health outcomes and exposures from 242 distinct publications. Relatively small increases in 8-iso-PGF2α levels (g<0.8) were found in the following conditions: hypertension (g=0.4), metabolic syndrome (g=0.5), asthma (g=0.4), and tobacco smoking (g=0.7). In contrast, large increases in 8-iso-PGF2α levels were observed in pathologies of the kidney, e.g., chronic renal insufficiency (g=1.9), obstructive sleep apnoea (g=1.1), and pre-eclampsia (g=1.1), as well as respiratory tract disorders, e.g., cystic fibrosis (g=2.3). In conclusion, we have established a quantitative classification for the level of 8-iso-PGF2α generation in different human pathologies and exposures based on a comprehensive meta-analysis of published data. This analysis provides knowledge on the true involvement of oxidative damage across human health outcomes as well as utilizes past research to prioritize those conditions requiring further scrutiny on the mechanisms of biomarker generation. Oxidative damage is highly variable in human conditions as measured by F2-isoprostanes. Respiratory tract and urogenital diseases have the highest F2-isoprostanes. Cancer and cardiovascular diseases have surprisingly low F2-isoprostanes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J van 't Erve
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, 27709 NC, USA.
| | - Maria B Kadiiska
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, 27709 NC, USA
| | - Stephanie J London
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, 27709 NC, USA; Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, 27709 NC, USA
| | - Ronald P Mason
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, 27709 NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ha JY, Kim MK, Kang S, Nam JS, Ahn CW, Kim KR, Park JS. Serum ferritin levels are associated with arterial stiffness in healthy Korean adults. Vasc Med 2016; 21:325-30. [DOI: 10.1177/1358863x16629728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although an association between serum ferritin and atherosclerosis has been suggested, limited epidemiologic data are available regarding the association between ferritin and arterial stiffness in healthy adults. A total of 2932 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Anthropometric and biochemical profiles including ferritin were measured. The arterial stiffness was measured using brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Serum ferritin levels were classified into quartiles and baPWV values gradually increased with each ferritin quartile. Multiple regression analysis showed that ferritin levels were independently correlated with baPWV. After adjusting for multiple risk factors, as compared with the lowest quartile, the odds ratios for high baPWV (>75th percentile) were 1.15 (0.84–1.56), 1.37 (0.97–1.73), and 1.46 (1.29–2.17) among men ( p for trend < 0.05) and 1.24 (0.87–1.79), 1.53 (1.09–2.16), and 1.80 (1.25–2.82) among women ( p for trend < 0.05), for the second, third, and fourth quartiles of ferritin, respectively. In conclusion, serum ferritin levels are independently associated with arterial stiffness in healthy Korean adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yoon Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shinae Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Sun Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Woo Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Rae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Suk Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Influence of Insulin Resistance and TNF-α on the Inflammatory Process, Oxidative Stress, and Disease Activity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:8962763. [PMID: 27340510 PMCID: PMC4906209 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8962763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of TNF-α and insulin resistance (IR) in the inflammatory process, oxidative stress, and disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This cross-sectional study included 270 subjects (control group, n = 97) and RA patients (n = 173). RA patients were divided into four groups: the first group without IR and not using antitumor necrosis factor-α (TNF−) (G1, IR− TNF−); the second group without IR and using anti-TNF-α (G2, IR− TNF+); the third group with IR and not using anti-TNF-α (G3, IR+ TNF−); and the fourth group with IR and using anti-TNF-α (G4, IR+ TNF+). G3 and G4 had higher (p < 0.05) advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) and oxidative stress index (OSI) compared to G1. G4 group presented higher (p < 0.05) AOPPs and OSI than G2. TRAP was significantly lower in G3 compared to G1. Plasma TNF-α levels were significantly higher in G4 and G2 compared to G1 (p < 0.0001) and G3 (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.01, resp.). The presence of insulin resistance was robustly associated with both oxidative stress and TNF-α levels. More studies are warranted to verify if IR can be involved in therapeutic failure with TNF-α inhibitors. This trial is registered with Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry Register number RBR-2jvj92.
Collapse
|
13
|
Albumin and Protein Oxidation are Predictors that Differentiate Relapsing-Remitting from Progressive Clinical Forms of Multiple Sclerosis. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:2961-2968. [PMID: 27026183 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9860-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate inflammatory, oxidative, and nitrosative stress (IO&NS) blood markers as possible predictors of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its clinical forms. This study included 258 MS patients (175 with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and 83 with progressive MS clinical forms) and 249 healthy individuals. Peripheral blood samples were obtained to determine serum levels of albumin, ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP), total protein, lipid hydroperoxide by tert-butyl hydroperoxide-initiated chemiluminescence (CL-LOOH), carbonyl protein content, advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), and total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP). MS patients showed higher ferritin (p < 0.001) and CL-LOOH (p < 0.001) and lower albumin (p = 0.001), TRAP (p < 0.001), AOPP (p = 0.013), and NOx values (p < 0.001) than controls. Difference was not observed in CRP, total protein, and carbonyl proteins between patients and controls. In the logistic regression age-adjusted, ferritin and CL-LOOH showed positive association with MS and were predictors of MS development (OR: 1.006, 95 % CI: 1.003-1.009, p < 0.001 and OR: 1.029, 95 % CI: 1.007-1.052, p = 0.009, respectively). Albumin, TRAP, AOPP, and NOx were negatively associated with MS (p = 0.019, p = 0.003, p = 0.001, and p = 0.003, respectively). Moreover, other logistic regression age-adjusted showed that MS patients with progressive clinical forms had lower albumin and higher AOPP than those with RRMS (p = 0.037). In conclusion, ferritin, albumin, and biomarkers of IO&NS, such as CL-LOOH, AOPP, TRAP, and NOx were predictors of MS diagnosis, whereas albumin and AOPP were predictors that differentiated RRMS from the progressive clinical forms of MS.
Collapse
|
14
|
Prooxidant-Antioxidant Balance in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Its Relationship with Clinical and Laboratory Findings. Autoimmune Dis 2016; 2016:4343514. [PMID: 26925260 PMCID: PMC4746302 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4343514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim. This study was aimed at evaluating prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its relationship with laboratory findings and clinical manifestations. Methods. In this case-control study, 60 patients with SLE and 60 healthy individuals were enrolled. The blood samples were collected and their sera were separated. Subsequently, the prooxidant-antioxidant balance value was evaluated using PAB assay for each sample. Results. The mean of PAB values in SLE patients was significantly higher than healthy controls (147.3 ± 42 versus 84.8 ± 32.2 HK, P < 0.0001). Furthermore, in SLE patients, there was a positive significant correlation between the PAB and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (r = 0.492, P < 0.001). In addition, the PAB values in patients with alopecia, discoid rash, oral ulcers, arthritis, and nephritis were significantly higher than those without these manifestations. Conclusion. The findings of current study showed that the mean of PAB was significantly higher in SLE patients and PAB was correlated with ESR. Moreover increased PAB was found in SLE patients with alopecia, discoid rash, oral ulcers, arthritis, and nephritis. These findings suggest that the measurement of PAB may be useful to show oxidative stress condition in SLE patients.
Collapse
|
15
|
de Almeida JPS, Liberatti LS, Barros FEN, Kallaur AP, Lozovoy MAB, Scavuzzi BM, Panis C, Reiche EMV, Dichi I, Simão ANC. Profile of oxidative stress markers is dependent on vitamin D levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Nutrition 2015; 32:362-7. [PMID: 26847403 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although vitamin D deficiency can change liver injury progression in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV), the main molecular mechanisms involved are largely unknown. The first aim of this study was to evaluate the association between oxidative stress and hypovitaminosis D in patients with HCV. The second aim was to verify whether oxidative stress is involved in the molecular mechanisms related to liver injury. METHODS The study included 147 participants: 89 controls and 58 patients with HCV (vitamin D < 30, n = 32; vitamin D > 30, n = 26). RESULTS Patients with HCV and hypovitaminosis D presented significantly higher aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI; P = 0.0464) and viral load (P = 0.0426) levels than patients with HCV without hypovitaminosis D. Regarding oxidative stress, HCV patients with hypovitaminosis D had higher advanced oxidation protein products (P = 0.0409), nitric oxide metabolites (P = 0.0206) levels, and oxidative stress index (P = 0.0196), whereas total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (P = 0.0446) levels were significantly lower than HCV patients without hypovitaminosis D. Vitamin D in patients with HCV showed inverse correlations with levels of iron (r = -0.407, P = 0.0285), ferritin (r = -0.383, P = 0.0444), APRI (r = -0.453, P = 0.0154) and plasma lipid hydroperoxides levels (r = -0.426, P = 0.0189). CONCLUSION Vitamin D insufficiency contributes to the inflammatory process and oxidative stress imbalance in patients with HCV. The profile of oxidative stress markers in these patients depends on vitamin D levels, which probably change intracellular signalling pathways and increase inflammation and liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge P Sales de Almeida
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Health Sciences Center, University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lucas Silva Liberatti
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Health Sciences Center, University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Kallaur
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Health Sciences Center, University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcell A Batisti Lozovoy
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Health Sciences Center, University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Panis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Health Sciences Center, University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Edna Maria V Reiche
- Department of Internal Medicine, Health Sciences Center, University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Isaias Dichi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Health Sciences Center, University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Andréa Name Colado Simão
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Moori M, Ghafoori H, Sariri R. Nonenzymatic antioxidants in saliva of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2015; 25:265-71. [PMID: 26449364 DOI: 10.1177/0961203315605368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibody-directed self-antigens, immune complex formation and immune deregulation, resulting in damage to essentially all the organs. SLE is associated with the increased production of free radicals. Increase in free radicals or impaired antioxidant defense system in SLE causes oxidative stress. Considering that saliva could be a reflection of the state of health, the purpose of this study was to evaluate some antioxidants in the saliva and serum of patients with SLE and compare these with healthy individuals. This could help us in obtaining a possible marker in saliva in the future. During the course of the practical part of the project, 30 patients with SLE and 30 healthy controls were investigated. After centrifugation of un-stimulated saliva and blood samples, they were examined using spectrophotometric methods and the results were analyzed by statistical software. According to the results, concentrations of malondialdehyde, uric acid and total antioxidants were significantly increased but the level of reduced glutathion was reduced significantly in the saliva and serum of SLE patients as compared to controls. It is therefore suggested that antioxidant power is impaired in saliva and serum of SLE patients. As there was a positive correlation between the antioxidant level of saliva and blood serum, the antioxidant status of saliva could be an indicator of serum antioxidants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Moori
- Department of Biology, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - H Ghafoori
- Department of Biology, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - R Sariri
- Department of Biology, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lu L, Lei D, Nong X, Guo M, Ma J, He L. The null polymorphism of the GSTM1/T1 gene is not associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis. Mol Diagn Ther 2015; 19:65-9. [PMID: 25628002 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-015-0131-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that the null polymorphism of the glutathione S-transferases M1/T1 (GSTM1/T1) gene may be associated with the risk of developing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We further explored this potential association using a meta-analysis. A systematic literature search was carried out in the scientific literature databases and we used odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the strength of this association. All statistical analyses were calculated using Stata software 11.0, and Bonferroni correction was used to adjust the p values. Nine eligible articles with 1,850 patients and 2,826 controls were identified. Our results showed the null polymorphism of the GSTM1 gene was associated with SLE in East Asians (OR 1.32, 95 % CI 1.04-1.69, p = 0.024), but not in Europeans and Africans. However, when Bonferroni corrections were applied (p = 0.05/2 = 0.025), we could not be sure of this association. We further analysed the associations between the GSTT1 gene null polymorphism and the risk of SLE. The results of this investigation showed that this null polymorphism was not associated with susceptibility to SLE in all included populations. In conclusion, the null polymorphism of GSTM1/T1 gene may not be associated with the risk of SLE. More studies are needed to confirm this lack of association between key oxidative defense genes and susceptibility to SLE in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lechun Lu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kell DB, Pretorius E. Serum ferritin is an important inflammatory disease marker, as it is mainly a leakage product from damaged cells. Metallomics 2014; 6:748-73. [PMID: 24549403 DOI: 10.1039/c3mt00347g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 368] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
"Serum ferritin" presents a paradox, as the iron storage protein ferritin is not synthesised in serum yet is to be found there. Serum ferritin is also a well known inflammatory marker, but it is unclear whether serum ferritin reflects or causes inflammation, or whether it is involved in an inflammatory cycle. We argue here that serum ferritin arises from damaged cells, and is thus a marker of cellular damage. The protein in serum ferritin is considered benign, but it has lost (i.e. dumped) most of its normal complement of iron which when unliganded is highly toxic. The facts that serum ferritin levels can correlate with both disease and with body iron stores are thus expected on simple chemical kinetic grounds. Serum ferritin levels also correlate with other phenotypic readouts such as erythrocyte morphology. Overall, this systems approach serves to explain a number of apparent paradoxes of serum ferritin, including (i) why it correlates with biomarkers of cell damage, (ii) why it correlates with biomarkers of hydroxyl radical formation (and oxidative stress) and (iii) therefore why it correlates with the presence and/or severity of numerous diseases. This leads to suggestions for how one might exploit the corollaries of the recognition that serum ferritin levels mainly represent a consequence of cell stress and damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas B Kell
- School of Chemistry and The Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131, Princess St, Manchester M1 7DN, Lancs, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
The association among antioxidant enzymes, autoantibodies, and disease severity score in systemic lupus erythematosus: comparison of neuropsychiatric and nonneuropsychiatric groups. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:137231. [PMID: 24877055 PMCID: PMC4024413 DOI: 10.1155/2014/137231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background. Antioxidative capacity plays an important role in the severity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which is characterized by autoantibodies. This study aimed to determine the relationship among autoantibody titers, antioxidative stress reserve, and severity of SLE. Methods. The autoantibody titers, clinical markers, antioxidant enzyme levels, and disease activity index (SLEDAI-2k) of 32 SLE patients and 16 healthy controls were compared. We also compared both the neuropsychiatric (NPSLE) and nonneuropsychiatric (non-NPSLE) groups. Results. Superoxide dismutase in red blood cells was significantly lower in the SLE than in the control group. CRP levels are significant higher in SLE patients than in control group (P = 0.034). Among the autoantibodies, anti-U1RNP (P = 0.008), a-Sm (P = 0.027), and anti-ribosomal p (P = 0.028) significantly negatively correlated with glutathione levels. There has no significant correlation between SLE disease activity indexes (SLEDAI) and levels of C3, C4, and antioxidant enzymes. Conclusions. Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase is significantly lower in both NPSLE and non-NPSLE groups. SLE patients have both higher CRP and autoantibodies level and decreased superoxide dismutase level than the healthy control group.
Collapse
|
20
|
Shah D, Mahajan N, Sah S, Nath SK, Paudyal B. Oxidative stress and its biomarkers in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Biomed Sci 2014; 21:23. [PMID: 24636579 PMCID: PMC3995422 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-21-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease whose etiology remains largely unknown. The uncontrolled oxidative stress in SLE contributes to functional oxidative modifications of cellular protein, lipid and DNA and consequences of oxidative modification play a crucial role in immunomodulation and trigger autoimmunity. Measurements of oxidative modified protein, lipid and DNA in biological samples from SLE patients may assist in the elucidation of the pathophysiological mechanisms of the oxidative stress-related damage, the prediction of disease prognosis and the selection of adequate treatment in the early stage of disease. Application of these biomarkers in disease may indicate the early effectiveness of the therapy. This review is intended to provide an overview of various reactive oxygen species (ROS) formed during the state of disease and their biomarkers linking with disease. The first part of the review presents biochemistry and pathophysiology of ROS and antioxidant system in disease. The second part of the review discusses the recent development of oxidative stress biomarkers that relates pathogenesis in SLE patients and animal model. Finally, this review also describes the reported clinical trials of antioxidant in the disease that have evaluated the efficacy of antioxidant in the management of disease with ongoing conventional therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Shah
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|