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Abstract
The non-immune, non-spherocytic anemias result from multiple potential etiologies. We report a 16-year-old girl, who was presented with a long-standing anemia and normal blood screening tests except an elevated hemoglobin F. Her diagnosis of unstable hemoglobinopathy was made only after gene sequencing of the beta-globin chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehal S Parikh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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2
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Wajcman H, Kister J, M'Rad A, Soummer AM, Galacteros F. Hb Cemenelum [alpha 92 (FG4) Arg-->Trp]: a hemoglobin variant of the alpha 1/beta 2 interface that displays a moderate increase in oxygen affinity. Ann Hematol 1994; 68:73-6. [PMID: 8148419 DOI: 10.1007/bf01715134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Hb Cemenelum [alpha 92 (FG4) Arg-->Trp] carries a structural modification at the same position as Hb Chesapeake, a very high oxygen affinity variant. Hb Cemenelum was found in a French diabetic patient with no abnormal hematological features. The purified abnormal hemoglobin, like Hb J Cape Town, another variant of position alpha 92(FG4), displayed only a 1.5- to 2-fold increased oxygen affinity and a reduced cooperativity. This hemoglobin demonstrates that, even for some key residues of the alpha 1/beta 2 interface, the degree at which the functional properties are altered depends upon the specific residue occupying this position.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wajcman
- INSERM U299, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin, France
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3
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Wajcman H, Kister J, Promé D, Galacteros F, Gilsanz F. Hb Villaverde [beta 89 (F5) Ser-->Thr]: the structural modification of an intrasubunit contact is responsible for a high oxygen affinity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1993; 1225:89-94. [PMID: 8241293 DOI: 10.1016/0925-4439(93)90127-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Hb Villaverde [beta 89 (F5) Ser-->Thr], identified in a Spanish patient, is a new human hemoglobin variant, electrophoreticaly silent, responsible for a severe erythrocytosis. This abnormal hemoglobin displays a very high oxygen affinity and a markedly reduced cooperativity that is partly restored in the presence of IHP. Determination of the structural abnormality was achieved on a mixture of the normal and abnormal beta-chains. After isolation of the abnormal tryptic peptide by RP-HPLC, its sequence was determined by mass spectrometry. The structural abnormality disturbs the intrasubunit interaction between helices F and H and, thus, may weaken the C-terminal bonds of the deoxy conformation and the heme contacts of several hydrophobic residues. Hb Villaverde demonstrates that this intrasubunit contact between helices F and H is essential for the cohesion of the hemoglobin molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wajcman
- INSERM U299, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin, France
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4
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Wajcman H, Kister J, M'Rad A, Marden MC, Riou J, Galacteros F. Hb Val de Marne [alpha 133(H16)Ser-->Arg]: a new hemoglobin variant with moderate increase in oxygen affinity. Hemoglobin 1993; 17:407-17. [PMID: 8294200 DOI: 10.3109/03630269308997495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Hb Val de Marne [alpha 133(H16)Ser-->Arg] was found in a French family during a neonatal hemoglobinopathy screening program. The abnormal hemoglobin was found, within a few months interval, in two newborn children who were first cousins. In the children as well as in the parents carrying this hemoglobin variant, the red cell parameters were normal. Hb Val de Marne, isolated by isoelectrofocusing, displayed a slightly higher auto-oxidation rate than Hb A. Its oxygen affinity was increased 1.7-fold in comparison to that of Hb A. The heterotropic effects were normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wajcman
- INSERM U 299, Hôpital de Bicêtre, France
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5
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Wajcman H, Kister J, M'Rad A, Promé D, Milpied N, Rapp MJ, Harousseau JL, Riou J, Bardakdjian J, Galacteros F. Hb Saint Nazaire (beta 103[G5]Phe-->Ile): a new example of polycythemia due to a hemoglobin variant with increased oxygen affinity. Am J Hematol 1993; 44:16-21. [PMID: 8342560 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.2830440105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Hb Saint Nazaire [beta 103 (G5) Phe-->Ile] was found in four apparently unrelated French families. The five patients carrying this hemoglobin have been detected because of a moderate erythrocytosis. The structural abnormality of Hb Saint Nazaire concerns the same residue as in Hb Heathrow [beta 103 (G5) Phe-->Leu). A comparative functional study between these two variants showed that the increase in oxygen affinity is much lower in Hb Saint Nazaire than in Hb Heathrow. The replacement of phenylalanine G5, which is localized within the heme pocket, by a leucine abolishes several contacts between the heme and the globin and leads to an environment of the heme having some similarities with that observed in myoglobin. In contrast, the replacement of G5 by an isoleucine is likely to introduce less structural modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wajcman
- INSERM U299, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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6
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Yamagishi Y, Ikeda K, Takahara J, Irino S, Hasui H, Fujiwara T, Kaji Y, Harano T, Harano K. Hb J-Guantanamo [alpha 2 beta 2 128(H6)Ala-->Asp] found in a Japanese family. Hemoglobin 1993; 17:379-85. [PMID: 8226098 DOI: 10.3109/03630269308997491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Yamagishi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kagawa Medical School, Japan
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7
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Landin B, Jeppsson JO. Rare beta chain hemoglobin variants found in Swedish patients during HBA1c analysis. Hemoglobin 1993; 17:303-18. [PMID: 8226093 DOI: 10.3109/03630269308997484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Here we report the occurrence of five different beta chain hemoglobin variants not previously described in Sweden. The variants were found during quantification of HbA1c using ion exchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or isoelectrofocusing. Samples were examined either at protein level by separation of globin chains on C8 reversed phase HPLC, digestion with trypsin or lysylendopeptidase and separation of peptides by C18 reversed phase HPLC, or at DNA level by direct nucleotide sequencing of double-stranded DNA fragments amplified from exon 1 + 2 of the beta-globin gene. The variants were: Hb Raleigh [beta 1 (NA1)Val-->Ac-Ala], Hb J-Baltimore [beta 16(A13)Gly-->Asp], Hb Tacoma [beta 30(B12)Arg-->Ser], Hb K-Ibadan [beta 46(CD5)Gly-->Glu], and Hb Fukuyama [beta 77(EF1)His-->Tyr]. Hb Tacoma, Hb K-Ibadan, and Hb Fukuyama were slightly unstable in the isopropanol test, but no signs of hemolysis were found in the patients who all had normal hematological findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Landin
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Malmö General Hospital, University of Lund, Sweden
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8
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Divoky V, Svobodova M, Indrak K, Chrobak L, Molchanova TP, Huisman TH. Hb Hradec Kralove (Hb HK) or alpha 2 beta 2 115(G17)Ala-->Asp, a severely unstable hemoglobin variant resulting in a dominant beta-thalassemia trait in a Czech family. Hemoglobin 1993; 17:319-28. [PMID: 7693620 DOI: 10.3109/03630269308997485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We have identified through sequencing of amplified DNA a GCC-->GAC mutation in codon 115 of the beta-globin gene in a mother and daughter of a small Czech family. This base change was confirmed by hybridization with a 32P-labeled specific oligonucleotide probe and by gene mapping because it creates a new Ava II site. The mutation results in an Ala-->Asp replacement at beta 115(G17); this beta chain is severely unstable and could not be identified either as chain or as hemoglobin variant by isoelectrofocusing and various high performance liquid chromatography methods. Stability tests were mildly positive in freshly prepared lysates, but an unstable hemoglobin could not be detected in older lysates with these methods. Its presence results in a dominant type of beta-thalassemia in the two heterozygotes, with moderate anemia, reticulocytosis, nucleated red cells, target cells, and other red cell changes, Heinz body formation, and splenomegaly; the oldest of the two patients was splenectomized. Both subjects had a marked increase in fetal hemoglobin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Divoky
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-2100
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Pobedimskaya DD, Molchanova TP, Gu LH, Molina MA, de Pablos JM, Huisman TH. Hb F-Sacromonte or alpha 2G gamma (2)59(E3)Lys-->Gln observed in a Spanish newborn and his mother. Hemoglobin 1993; 17:269-74. [PMID: 7687241 DOI: 10.3109/03630269308998903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D D Pobedimskaya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-2100
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Kutlar F, Kutlar A, Nuguid E, Prchal J, Huisman TH. Usefulness of HPLC methodology for the characterization of combinations of the common beta chain variants Hbs S, C, and O-Arab, and the alpha chain variant Hb G-Philadelphia. Hemoglobin 1993; 17:55-66. [PMID: 8454470 DOI: 10.3109/03630269308998885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We have analyzed the blood samples from seven members of two families that contained mixtures of different hemoglobin types due to the simultaneous presence of different beta chain variants and the alpha chain variant Hb G-Philadelphia. The methods used were isoelectrofocusing and cation exchange high performance liquid chromatography for the separation of the hemoglobin components, and reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography for that of the various alpha and beta chains; the chromatographic procedures also provided quantitative data. Application of these fast and simple high performance liquid chromatographic methods greatly aided in defining the different hemoglobinopathies that were present in these persons, including an additional alpha-thalassemia-2 heterozygosity or homozygosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kutlar
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-2100
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Molchanova TP. A new screening test for unstable hemoglobins using N-butanol and red blood cells. Hemoglobin 1993; 17:81-4. [PMID: 8454473 DOI: 10.3109/03630269308998888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T P Molchanova
- Hematological Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Medical Science, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow
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Baudin V, Pagnier J, Lacaze N, Bihoreau MT, Kister J, Marden M, Kiger L, Poyart C. Allosteric properties of haemoglobin beta 41 (C7) Phe-->Tyr: a stable, low-oxygen-affinity variant synthesized in Escherichia coli. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1992; 1159:223-6. [PMID: 1390926 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(92)90029-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In human deoxy haemoglobin, the alpha 42(C7)Tyr-residue is hydrogen-bonded to beta 99(G1)Asp which stabilizes the low-oxygen-affinity deoxy conformation. We engineered a haemoglobin with Tyr for Phe at the homologous C7 position in beta-chains. The oxygen affinity of the variant is decreased about two-fold relative to Hb A while keeping similar KR and KT values. This mutant may be a candidate for the development of an artificial oxygen carrier, as it would not require an external effector for significant oxygen unloading in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Baudin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U299, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Negri Arjona S, Maldonado Eloy-Garcia J, Molchanova TP, Wilson JB, Gu LH, Huisman TH. Hb Brockton [alpha 2 beta 2(138)(H16)Ala-->Pro] observed in a Spanish girl. Hemoglobin 1992; 16:511-4. [PMID: 1487422 DOI: 10.3109/03630269208993119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Negri Arjona
- Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Regional de Malaga, Spain
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Molchanova TP, Wilson JB, Gu LH, Hain RD, Chang LS, Poon AO, Huisman TH. A second observation of the fetal methemoglobin variant Hb F-M-Fort Ripley or alpha 2G gamma 2(92)(F8)His----Tyr. Hemoglobin 1992; 16:389-98. [PMID: 1385361 DOI: 10.3109/03630269209005690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We have identified a second baby with the fetal methemoglobin F-M-Fort Ripley. It was observed in a Caucasian infant from Canada; at least eleven additional members of that family were known to have had a neonatal cyanosis similar to that seen in the propositus and in a previously described baby (2). Sequencing of amplified DNA that included (part of) the G gamma gene greatly facilitated the characterization. The G gamma X chain was readily isolated by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography; its quantity was approximately 12.5% of total gamma. Interestingly, the baby also carried the A gamma T mutation on one chromosome, either in cis or in trans to the G gamma X mutation. Hb F-M-Fort Ripley could be isolated in reasonably pure form by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. The isolated Hb FX was unstable, had spectral changes characteristic for the M-hemoglobins, while its methemoglobin derivative reacted rapidly with cyanide. Oxygen affinity data could not be obtained. It is suggested that the formation of a rather large amount (approximately 25%) of mixed hybrids (alpha 2G gamma X.gamma) with low oxygen affinity is the main cause for the occurrence of the neonatal cyanosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Molchanova
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-2100
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