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Dan A, Kotamarthy L, Ramachandran R. Understanding the effects of process parameters and material properties on the breakage mechanisms and regimes of a milling process. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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2
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Otsuka M, Funakubo F, Suzuki T, Hattori Y, Tsutsui K, Adachi N, Sasaki T. Real-time monitoring of tablet surface temperature during high-speed tableting by infrared thermal imaging. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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3
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Isaac JA, Ekere KE, Ezekiel E, Galadima IH, Abdulahi R, Samali A. Compressional Physics of Binary Mixture of Dried Andrographis paniculata and Moringa oleifera Leaves. BORNEO JOURNAL OF PHARMACY 2021. [DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v4i4.2544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, the leafy part of Andrographis paniculata and Moringa oleifera have been widely reported to manage hypertension. Investigation of its pharmacological actions justifies its use. As part of formulation studies to standardize them, this study focused on their compaction and compression properties. Compacts equivalent to 250 mg of A. paniculata and M. oleifera were produced by compressing powders and granules at various compression pressure. Results show that M. oleifera met the WHO limit for ash values. Relative density values for granulated batches were higher, while their moisture content values were lower when compared to those of direct compression. The result from Heckel plots shows that batches deform mainly by plastic flow. For Kawakita plots, values of 1/b show that batches containing microcrystalline cellulose were less cohesive. The plot of tensile strength signifies that granulated batches achieved maximum crushing strength faster at low pressure. Formulations containing maize starch were shown to have higher percent porosity, and granulated batches gave higher values for apparent density-pressure relationship and lower friability values. Tablets produced by the wet granulation method showed better compression and compaction properties than those formulated by direct compression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ekeh Ezekiel
- National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development
| | | | | | - Ayuba Samali
- National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development
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Pohlen M, Pirker L, Dreu R. The Potential of Macroporous Silica-Nanocrystalline Cellulose Combination for Formulating Dry Emulsion Systems with Improved Flow Properties: A DoE Study. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081177. [PMID: 34452137 PMCID: PMC8399492 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the possible use of a new combination of two excipients, i.e., nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and macroporous silica (MS), as matrix materials for the compounding of dry emulsion systems and the effects these two excipients have on the characteristics of dry emulsion powders produced by the spray drying process. A previously developed liquid O/W nanoemulsion, comprised of simvastatin, 1-oleoyl-rac-glycerol, Miglyol 812 and Tween 20, was employed. In order to comprehend the effects that these two matrix formers have on the spray drying process and on dry emulsion powder characteristics, alone and in combination, a DoE (Design of Experiment) approach was used. The physicochemical properties of dry emulsion samples were characterised by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, mercury intrusion porosimetry, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and laser diffraction analysis. Additionally, total release and dissolution experiments were performed to assess drug release from multiple formulations. It was found that the macroporous silica matrix drastically improved flow properties of dry emulsion powders; however, it partially trapped the oil—drug mixture inside the pores and hindered complete release. NCC showed its potential to reduce oil entrapment in MS, but because of its rod-shaped particles deposited on the MS surface, powder flowability was deteriorated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitja Pohlen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva Cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Luka Pirker
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Rok Dreu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva Cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-1-47-69-622; Fax: +386-1-47-69-512
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Farooqi S, Yousuf RI, Shoaib MH, Ahmed K, Ansar S, Husain T. Quality by Design (QbD)-Based Numerical and Graphical Optimization Technique for the Development of Osmotic Pump Controlled-Release Metoclopramide HCl Tablets. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020; 14:5217-5234. [PMID: 33273807 PMCID: PMC7705261 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s278918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop the osmotically controlled-release gastroprokinetic metoclopramide HCl tablets, using quality by design (QbD)-numerical and graphical optimization technique for the treatment of gastroparesis and prophylaxis of delayed nausea and vomiting induced by low-high emetogenic chemotherapy. METHODS Formulations were designed by central composite design using Design Expert version 11.0.0, with osmogen concentration (X1), orifice size (X2), and tablet weight gain after coating (X3) as input and in-vitro drug release at 1hr. (Y1), 6 hrs. (Y2), and 12 hrs. (Y3), and the regression coefficient of drug release data fitted to zero-order, RSQ zero (Y4) as output variables. Core tablets prepared by direct compression were coated with Opadry® CA. The experimental design was validated by the polynomial equation. A correlation between predicted and observed values was evaluated by random checkpoint analysis. The optimized formulations were characterized for drug release, pH effect, osmolarity, agitation intensity, surface morphology, and stability study, and were subjected to accelerated studies according to ICH guidelines. RESULTS The interaction charts and response surface plots deduced a significant simultaneous effect of X variables on in vitro drug release and RSQ zero. The numerical optimization model predicted >90% drug release with X1 (13.30%), X2 (0.6 mm), and X3 (7.96%). Random checkpoint analysis showed a good correlation between predicted and observed values. The optimized formulation followed zero-order kinetics (r2=0.9703) drug release. Shelf life calculated was 2.8 years as per ICH guidelines. CONCLUSION The QbD-based approach was found successful in developing controlled release osmotic tablets of metoclopramide HCl, for reducing the dosage frequency, better emetic control, and improve patient compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Farooqi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi75270, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Ismail Yousuf
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Harris Shoaib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi75270, Pakistan
| | - Kamran Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi75270, Pakistan
| | - Sabah Ansar
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tazeen Husain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi75270, Pakistan
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6
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Mahalia LD, Supriyanto S, Syukri Y. Development of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas Lamk.) as excipient in tablet formulation. J Public Health Res 2020; 9:1831. [PMID: 32728572 PMCID: PMC7376492 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2020.1831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sweet potato has a potential to be used as a raw material for tablets. However, it needs chemical modifications to produce derivatives with excellent pharmaceutical characteristics. The primary purpose of this research was to use sweet potato starch (Ipomoea batatas Lamk.) as a tablet excipient modified through a chemical process. Design and Methods: This study is experimental and is divided into three stages. The first stage is the extraction process to obtain sweet potato starch. The second stage is the chemical modification of sweet potato starch using pentanol-1 and glacial acetic acid. The third step is the analysis of the pharmaceutical properties of the mutated lab model compared to the control sample and Amprotab. Results: The descriptive-comparative analysis showed sweet potato starch modified with panthenol-1 had a higher hardness value (=2.55±0.34) compared to native starch (1.00±0.08). The particle size distribution of the modified sample with acetate acid (=15.20±1.79) was higher than the others. Conclusions: In conclusion, modified sweet potato starch has better pharmaceutical properties than native starch. Further research needs to be conducted on the magnitude of the potential of sweet potato starch as an excipient, both as filler, a binder, and a crushing agent on tablet preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefanus Supriyanto
- Departement of Health Policy and Administration, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Yandi Syukri
- Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematic and Science, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Application of Externally Applied Lower Punch Vibration and its Effects on Tablet Manufacturing. Pharm Res 2019; 36:173. [PMID: 31659476 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2711-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the present study the influence and application of a newly developed external lower punch vibration system for an improved die filling on a running rotary tablet press was investigated. METHODS Tablets were manufactured at different conditions (with and without vibration) and characterized regarding their direct compressibility and mechanical stability. Thus, two typical pharmaceutical binders for direct compression (Parmcel 102 and Tablettose® 80) were compared with two binders unsuitable for direct compression (Ceolus® KG1000 and GranuLac® 200). The powders were characterized by helium pycnometry, laser diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and by determination of the powder flow. Furthermore, a novel technique to determine the occurrences of segregation within a tablet after manufacturing was introduced. For this purpose, a powder blend containing one spray-colored type of microcrystalline cellulose (Vivapur® 200) were prepared. RESULTS It was shown that under application of externally applied lower punch vibration, the powder flow into the die increased and thus the die filling process was significantly improved. Hence, it was possible to manufacture tablets from powders, which are actually unsuitable for direct compression. In addition, the mechanical stability of the produced tablets was distinctly improved by application of lower punch vibration, whereby the occurrence of segregation was comparatively low. CONCLUSION In summary, lower punch vibration allows a more efficient die filling, whereby the powder flow as well as mechanical stability of the tablets are improved.
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Svačinová P, Vraníková B, Dominik M, Elbl J, Pavloková S, Kubalák R, Kopecká P, Franc A. Comprehensive study of co-processed excipients F- Melts®: Flow, viscoelastic and compacts properties. POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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9
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Tablet Scoring: Current Practice, Fundamentals, and Knowledge Gaps. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9153066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oral solid dosage formulations and/or tablets have remained the preferred route of administration by both patients and health care practitioners. Oral tablets are easy to administer, they are non-invasive and cause less risk adversity. Because of the lack of commercially available tablet dose options, tablets are being split or partitioned by users. Tablet scoring refers to the breakage of a tablet to attain a desired efficacy dose and is an emerging concept in the pharmaceutical industry. The primary reason for the tablet scoring practice is to adjust the dose: dose tapering or dose titrating. Other reasons for tablet partitioning are to facilitate dose administration, particularly among the pediatric and the geriatric patient population, and to mitigating the high cost of prescription drugs. The scope of this review is to: (1) evaluate the advantages and inconveniences associated with tablet scoring/portioning, and (2) identify factors in the formulation and the manufacturing of tablets that influence tablet splitting. Whereas tablet partitioning has been a common practice, there is a lack of understanding regarding the fundamentals underpinning the performance of tablets with respect to splitting. Several factors can influence tablet partitioning: tablet size, shape, and thickness. A requirement has recently been set by the European Pharmacopoeia and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the uniformity of mass of subdivided tablets. For breaking ease, an in-vivo reference test and a routinely applicable in-vitro test need to be established.
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10
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Swellable polymeric particles for the local delivery of budesonide in oral mucositis. Int J Pharm 2019; 566:126-140. [PMID: 31129342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Topical drug delivery in the oral mucosa has its set of challenges due to the unique anatomical and physiological features of the oral cavity. As such, the outcomes of local pharmacological treatments in oral disorders can fail due to unsuccessfully drug delivery. Oral mucositis, a severe inflammatory and ulcerative side effect of oncological treatments, is one of such diseases. Although the damaged tissue is within reach, no approved topical drug treatment is available. Several strategies based on its physiopathology have been implemented and clinically used. Even so, results tend to lack or be insufficient to improve patient's quality of life. The use of corticosteroids has been employed in such strategies due to their strong anti-inflammatory action. Typically, these are administrated in simple liquid formulations, where the drug is dispersed or solubilized, lacking the ability to maintain local concentration. In this work, we propose the development of a biocompatible delivery system with boosted abilities of retention and control release of budesonide, a corticosteroid with an elevated ratio of topical anti-inflammatory to systemic action. Through spray-drying, polymeric particles of Chitosan and Eudragit® E PO were produced and characterized for the vectorization of this drug.
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11
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Tay JYS, Kok BWT, Liew CV, Heng PWS. Effects of Particle Surface Roughness on In-Die Flow and Tableting Behavior of Lactose. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:3011-3019. [PMID: 31054886 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Particle rearrangement takes place during the initial phase of tablet compaction. In this study, rough lactose particles were prepared by roller compaction, and their surface roughness modified by partial surface dissolution using a fluidized bed processor. Flow characteristics of the particles were determined using various flow methods, and their compaction characteristics studied using a compaction simulator with punches of different geometry and compaction pressure. Rougher particles demonstrated poorer compressibility and powder flow due to the higher interparticulate frictional forces required for particle movement. Rearrangement energy during tablet compaction was found to be correlated with compressibility (R2 = 0.92) and increased with surface roughness of the particles. Particle rearrangement was found to be dependent on interparticulate frictional forces, which could be measured using FT4 powder rheometer variable flow rate test and compressibility test. Plastic energy decreased as a result of the increased rearrangement energy requirements. Decrease in tensile strength as a result of decrease in plastic energy was not significantly different. Roller-compacted lactose particles produced tablets of higher tensile strength than crystalline lactose because of prefragmentation of the crystalline structure during roller compaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Yong Soon Tay
- GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Berlinda Wen Ting Kok
- GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Celine Valeria Liew
- GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Paul Wan Sia Heng
- GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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12
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Goh HP, Heng PWS, Liew CV. Investigation on the impact of powder arching in small die filling. Int J Pharm 2018; 551:42-51. [PMID: 30195081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The flow of particulate materials is critical during processes such as mixing, compression and packing. Non-cohesive arching, a feature characteristic of coarse and free-flowing particles, has been studied extensively for silos and hoppers. However, the arching of powders during die fill has received much less attention. In this study, die fill performance of coarse and free-flowing nonpareils was evaluated using a specially designed die filling device in order to investigate the impact of non-cohesive arching during die fill under gravity flow. Through evaluating die fill performance, the arching phenomenon during dynamic conditions of die fill could be captured. Nonpareils with large particle size increased the likelihood of arching and caused poorer die fill performance for narrow orifices. In contrast, die fill in large orifices was generally better with larger particles due to reduced inter-particulate friction. Both particle size and size distribution influenced non-cohesive arching during die fill. Forced feeding did not appear to affect die fill performance and non-cohesive arching. A critical particle size range beyond which die fill performance would decrease, particularly for the narrow orifices, was identified. Findings from this study provided a better insight into non-cohesive arching during die fill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ping Goh
- GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Paul Wan Sia Heng
- GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Celine Valeria Liew
- GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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13
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Goh HP, Sia Heng PW, Liew CV. The Effects of Feed Frame Parameters and Turret Speed on Mini-Tablet Compression. J Pharm Sci 2018; 108:1161-1171. [PMID: 30237030 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Die filling is a critical process step during tablet production as it defines the tablet weight. Achieving die fill consistency during production of mini-tablets, tablets with diameters ≤6 mm, is considerably more challenging. Although die filling in rotary presses had been studied in relation to the feed paddle design, paddle speed, and turret speed, it is unclear how these process variables could impact mini-tablet production and product properties. In this study, 1.8 and 3 mm mini-tablets were prepared using a rotary press with multiple-tip tooling using different process configurations. Mini-tablet weight variation within and across compaction cycles were determined using data from compression roller displacement and mini-tablet weight. Higher die fill densities were achieved with a flat feed wheel paddle and high paddle speed. This was attributed to better granule fluidization in the feed frame, which also increased the intercycle weight variation and reduced tensile strength. The turret speed did not impact mini-tablet properties significantly. Granule overlubrication in the feed frame potentially reduced mini-tablet tensile strength during compaction. The number of paddle passes in the die fill region was correlated to mini-tablet die fill performance. Findings from this study could provide better insights into the relationship between process variables and mini-tablet product quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ping Goh
- Department of Pharmacy, GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Paul Wan Sia Heng
- Department of Pharmacy, GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Celine Valeria Liew
- Department of Pharmacy, GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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14
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Understanding die fill variation during mini-tablet production. Int J Pharm 2017; 534:279-286. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Wang Y, Li T, Muzzio FJ, Glasser BJ. Predicting feeder performance based on material flow properties. POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Crouter A, Briens L. Monitoring lubricant addition using passive acoustic emissions in a V-blender. POWDER TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Osorio JG, Sowrirajan K, Muzzio FJ. Effect of resonant acoustic mixing on pharmaceutical powder blends and tablets. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2016.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Kurhajec S, Franc A, Doležel P, Sabadková D. Quality by design approach: antioxidant activity of the tablets containing cornelian cherry fruits in relation to their composition and physical properties. Pharm Dev Technol 2016; 22:881-888. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2015.1135345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Slavomír Kurhajec
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic and
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Aleš Franc
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic and
| | - Petr Doležel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic and
| | - Dana Sabadková
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic and
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Yousaf AM, Kim DW, Kim JK, Kim JO, Yong CS, Choi HG. Novel fenofibrate-loaded gelatin microcapsules with enhanced solubility and excellent flowability: Preparation and physicochemical characterization. POWDER TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Vestland TL, Jacobsen Ø, Sande SA, Myrset AH, Klaveness J. Compactible powders of omega-3 and β-cyclodextrin. Food Chem 2015; 185:151-8. [PMID: 25952853 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids are used in both nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals in the form of triglycerides and ethyl esters. Administration forms available for omega-3 include bulk oil, soft gel capsules, emulsions and some powder compositions. Cyclodextrins are substances well known for their ability to encapsulate lipophilic molecules. In the present work, powders loaded with omega-3 oil, ranging from 10 to 40% (w/w), have been prepared by vacuum drying, freeze drying or spray granulation of aqueous mixtures of omega-3 oil and β-cyclodextrin. The powders were found to be partially crystalline by powder X-ray diffraction and to contain crystalline phases not present in pure β-cyclodextrin, indicating true complexation. The compactibility of the powders has been explored, revealing that a dry and compactible powder can be prepared from various omega-3 oils and β-cyclodextrin. Spray granulation was found to be the superior drying method for the preparation of compactible powders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Lien Vestland
- Omegatri AS, P.O. Box 4849 Nydalen, 0422 Oslo, Norway; School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Øyvind Jacobsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Sverre Arne Sande
- School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Jo Klaveness
- Omegatri AS, P.O. Box 4849 Nydalen, 0422 Oslo, Norway; School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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Crouter A, Briens L. The effect of moisture on the flowability of pharmaceutical excipients. AAPS PharmSciTech 2014; 15:65-74. [PMID: 24092523 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-013-0036-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of moisture content on flowability of six pharmaceutical powders (microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), corn starch, and potato starch) was investigated. Powder flowability was measured using established static techniques and emerging dynamic avalanche behavior measurements. Static techniques did not provide enough resolution to clearly identify changes in flowability due to increasing powder moisture content. Avalanche time and its standard deviation showed that flowability of MCC, CMC, PVP, and potato starch decreased after a critical moisture content, flowability of corn starch increased and flowability did not significantly change for HPMC. The moisture decreased flowability by forming stronger interparticle liquid bridges and increased flowability by acting as a lubricant. The dynamic density of the celluloses and PVP decreased linearly with increasing moisture content as the particles swelled with water. The starches also swelled and decreased in dynamic density, but only after a moisture content corresponding to monolayer coverage of water around the particles was reached. As flowability and dynamic density change with moisture content, to ensure consistent production of high-quality tablets, the moisture content of the powders must be measured and controlled.
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Morin G, Briens L. The effect of lubricants on powder flowability for pharmaceutical application. AAPS PharmSciTech 2013; 14:1158-68. [PMID: 23897035 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-013-0007-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical tablets are manufactured through a series of batch steps finishing with compression into a form using a tablet press. Lubricants are added to the powder mixture prior to the tabletting step to ensure that the tablet is ejected properly from the press. The addition of lubricants also affects tablet properties and can affect the behavior of the powder mixture. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of lubricants on powder flowability as flowability into the tablet press is critical. Four lubricants (magnesium stearate, magnesium silicate, stearic acid, and calcium stearate) were mixed, in varying amounts, with spray-dried lactose. In addition, magnesium stearate was also mixed with placebo granules from a high-shear granulator. Measurements based on avalanche behavior indicated flowability potential and dynamic density and were more sensitive to changes in the mixture and provided a more accurate and reproducible indication of flowability than traditional static measurements. Of the tested lubricants, magnesium stearate provided the best increase in flowability even in the low amounts commonly added in formulations.
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Nalluri VR, Puchkov M, Kuentz M. Toward better understanding of powder avalanching and shear cell parameters of drug–excipient blends to design minimal weight variability into pharmaceutical capsules. Int J Pharm 2013; 442:49-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kuentz M, Schirg P. Powder flow in an automated uniaxial tester and an annular shear cell: a study of pharmaceutical excipients and analytical data comparison. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2012; 39:1476-83. [PMID: 23043592 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2012.728228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An automated version of uniaxial powder flow testing has recently been developed and there is a need for experimental data from pharmaceutical powders. PURPOSE To compare the novel testing method with an annular shear cell using different pharmaceutical excipients. A particular aim was to gain an improved understanding of potential differences in the obtained flow results. METHODS Nine excipients were studied with both flow testers at different consolidation levels. Unconfined yield strengths were determined at similar major consolidation stresses. Finally, an anisotropic stress factor was calculated and the fractal character of the powders was assessed by means of image analysis in a rotating drum. RESULTS Data correlated generally well; however, the unconfined yield strength from uniaxial testing resulted mostly in lower values compared to annular shear cell testing. Differences were specific for the given excipients and mannitol demonstrated the highest discrepancy of measured flow parameters. The differences were first discussed by considering wall friction, anisotropy of forces, brittleness as well as the fractal nature of the powder surface. This heterogeneity of the powder as well as the anisotropy of forces was also found to be important for the relative flow index. CONCLUSIONS The automated uniaxial method demonstrated faster and more reproducible flow testing as compared to an annular shear cell. Therefore, the new method has a high potential in pharmaceutics for example in the quality-control of powders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kuentz
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Institute of Pharma Technology, Gründenstr.40, CH-4132, Muttenz, Switzerland.
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25
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Hardy IJ, Cook WG. Predictive and correlative techniques for the design, optimisation and manufacture of solid dosage forms. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2003.tb02428.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
There is much interest in predicting the properties of pharmaceutical dosage forms from the properties of the raw materials they contain. Achieving this with reasonable accuracy would aid the faster development and manufacture of dosage forms. A variety of approaches to prediction or correlation of properties are reviewed. These approaches have variable accuracy, with no single technique yet able to provide an accurate prediction of the overall properties of the dosage form. However, there have been some successes in predicting trends within a formulation series based on the physicochemical and mechanical properties of raw materials, predicting process scale-up through mechanical characterisation of materials and predicting product characteristics by process monitoring. Advances in information technology have increased predictive capability and accuracy by facilitating the analysis of complex multivariate data, mapping formulation characteristics and capturing past knowledge and experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian J Hardy
- Pharmaceutical and Analytical R&D, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Bakewell Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 5RH, UK
| | - Walter G Cook
- Pharmaceutical and Analytical R&D, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Bakewell Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 5RH, UK
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Sandler N, Wilson D. Prediction of granule packing and flow behavior based on particle size and shape analysis. J Pharm Sci 2010; 99:958-68. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Monedero Perales MC, Muñoz-Ruiz A, Velasco Antequera MV, Muñoz NM, Ballesteros MRJC. Comparative Tableting and Microstructural Properties of a New Starch for Direct Compression. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/03639049609063225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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28
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Yaginuma Y, Ozeki Y, Kakizawa M, Gomi SI, Watanabe Y. Effects of powder flowability on die-fill properties in rotary compression. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(07)50037-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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29
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Felton LA, Garcia DI, Farmer R. Weight and weight uniformity of hard gelatin capsules filled with microcrystalline cellulose and silicified microcrystalline cellulose. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2002; 28:467-72. [PMID: 12056540 DOI: 10.1081/ddc-120003008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the weight and weight uniformity of hard gelatin capsules filled with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and silicified microcrystalline cellulose (SMCC) powdered formulations. A tamping-type encapsulation apparatus was used to fill the capsules. The four formulations that were tested included MCC alone, MCC blended with fumed silica, SMCC, and high-density SMCC (SMCC-HD). The mean capsule weight and the average variation in mean capsule weight of each formulation were determined. Both SMCC products exhibited better flow than the MCC alone, with SMCC-HD being the freest flowing of the powders investigated. Capsules filled with the SMCC products had higher fill weights than those containing the MCC powders. The SMCC-containing capsules exhibited the lowest variation in weight, although these findings were not significantly different from either of the MCC-containing capsules. Significantly higher weight variations were found in capsules filled with SMCC-HD. A relationship between Carr's compressibility index and capsule weight variation was found, with more compressible materials producing more uniformly filled capsules. No relationship could be established between powder flow and capsule weight uniformity. These findings suggest that powder flow may not be a critical parameter in ensuring capsule weight uniformity when the encapsulation equipment utilizes a tamping-type filling system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda A Felton
- University of New Mexico, College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque 87131, USA.
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Kim H, Venkatesh G, Fassihi R. Compactibility characterization of granular pectin for tableting operation using a compaction simulator1This work is dedicated to Professor Dr W.A. Ritschel, one of the pioneers in the area of Industrial Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, on the occasion of his retirement.1. Int J Pharm 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(97)00337-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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