1
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Hanson SM, Singh S, Tabet A, Sastry KJ, Barry M, Wang C. Mucoadhesive wafers composed of binary polymer blends for sublingual delivery and preservation of protein vaccines. J Control Release 2021; 330:427-437. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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2
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Chong YK, Zainol I, Ng CH, Ooi IH. Miktoarm star polymers nanocarrier: synthesis, characterisation, and in-vitro drug release study. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-019-1726-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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3
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Gayathri D, Jayakumari LS. Evaluation of commercial arrowroot starch/CMC film for buccal drug delivery of glipizide. POLIMEROS 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-1428.06619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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4
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Cooper BG, Catalina Bordeianu, Nazarian A, Snyder BD, Grinstaff MW. Active agents, biomaterials, and technologies to improve biolubrication and strengthen soft tissues. Biomaterials 2018; 181:210-226. [PMID: 30092370 PMCID: PMC6766080 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Normal functioning of articulating tissues is required for many physiological processes occurring across length scales from the molecular to whole organism. Lubricating biopolymers are present natively on tissue surfaces at various sites of biological articulation, including eyelid, mouth, and synovial joints. The range of operating conditions at these disparate interfaces yields a variety of tribological mechanisms through which compressive and shear forces are dissipated to protect tissues from material wear and fatigue. This review focuses on recent advances in active agents and biomaterials for therapeutic augmentation of friction, lubrication, and wear in disease and injured states. Various small-molecule, biological, and gene delivery therapies are described, as are tribosupplementation with naturally-occurring and synthetic biolubricants and polymer reinforcements. While reintroduction of a diseased tissue's native lubricant received significant attention in the past, recent discoveries and pre-clinical research are capitalizing on concurrent advances in the molecular sciences and bioengineering fields, with an understanding of the underlying tissue structure and physiology, to afford a desired, and potentially patient-specific, tissue mechanical response for restoration of normal function. Small and large molecule drugs targeting recently elucidated pathways as well as synthetic and hybrid natural/synthetic biomaterials for restoring a desired tissue mechanical response are being investigated for treatment of, for example, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, xeroderma, and osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States; Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Catalina Bordeianu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Ara Nazarian
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Brian D Snyder
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.
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5
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Almeida N, Rakesh L, Zhao J. The effect of kappa carrageenan and salt on thermoreversible gelation of methylcellulose. Polym Bull (Berl) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-017-2256-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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dos Santos FA, Valle Iulianelli GC, Bruno Tavares MI. Development and properties evaluation of bio-based PLA/PLGA blend films reinforced with microcrystalline cellulose and organophilic silica. POLYM ENG SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Abbate dos Santos
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano-Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
- Centro de Tecnologia Bloco J-Cidade Universitária Ilha do Fundão; Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21945-970, CP 68525 Brazil
| | - Gisele Cristina Valle Iulianelli
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano-Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
- Centro de Tecnologia Bloco J-Cidade Universitária Ilha do Fundão; Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21945-970, CP 68525 Brazil
| | - Maria Inês Bruno Tavares
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano-Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
- Centro de Tecnologia Bloco J-Cidade Universitária Ilha do Fundão; Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21945-970, CP 68525 Brazil
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7
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Scheuble N, Geue T, Kuster S, Adamcik J, Mezzenga R, Windhab EJ, Fischer P. Mechanically Enhanced Liquid Interfaces at Human Body Temperature Using Thermosensitive Methylated Nanocrystalline Cellulose. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:1396-404. [PMID: 26779953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b04231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical performance of materials at oil/water interfaces after consumption is a key factor affecting hydrophobic drug release. In this study, we methylated the surface of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) by mercerization and dimethyl sulfate exposure to produce thermosensitive biopolymers. These methylated NCC (metNCC) were used to investigate interfacial thermogelation at air/water and medium-chain triglyceride (MCT)/water interfaces at body temperature. In contrast to bulk fluid dynamics, elastic layers were formed at room temperature, and elasticity increased significantly at body temperature, which was measured by interfacial shear and dilatational rheology in situ. This unique phenomenon depends on solvent quality, temperature, and polymer concentration at interfaces. Thus, by adjusting the degree of hydrophobicity of metNCC, the interfacial elasticity and thermogelation of the interfaces could be varied. In general, these new materials (metNCC) formed more brittle interfacial layers compared to commercial methylcellulose (MC A15). Thermogelation of methylcellulose promotes attractive intermolecular forces, which were reflected in a change in self-assembly of metNCC at the interface. As a consequence, layer thickness and density increased as a function of temperature. These effects were measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of the displaced interface and confirmed by neutron reflection. The substantial structural and mechanical change of methylcellulose interfaces at body temperature represents a controllable encapsulation parameter allowing optimization of lipid-based drug formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Scheuble
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T Geue
- Laboratory of Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut , 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - S Kuster
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Adamcik
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R Mezzenga
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - E J Windhab
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P Fischer
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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8
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Sharma P, Modi SR, Bansal AK. Co-processing as a tool to improve aqueous dispersibility of cellulose ethers. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2015; 41:1745-58. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2015.1058814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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9
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Almeida N, Rakesh L, Zhao J. Monovalent and divalent salt effects on thermogelation of aqueous hypromellose solutions. Food Hydrocoll 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2013.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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10
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Babiuch K, Gottschaldt M, Werz O, Schubert US. Particulate transepithelial drug carriers: barriers and functional polymers. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra20726e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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11
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Chi N, Guo JH, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Tang X. An oral controlled release system for amroxol hydrochloride containing a wax and a water insoluble polymer. Pharm Dev Technol 2010; 15:97-104. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450903013576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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12
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Gohel M, Nagori SA. Fabrication and evaluation of captopril modified-release oral formulation. Pharm Dev Technol 2009; 14:679-86. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450902922744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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13
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Aleeva GN, Zhuravleva MV, Khafiz’yanova RK. The role of excipients in determining the pharmaceutical and therapeutic properties of medicinal agents (Review). Pharm Chem J 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-009-0265-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Asane GS, Nirmal SA, Rasal KB, Naik AA, Mahadik MS, Rao YM. Polymers for mucoadhesive drug delivery system: a current status. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2009; 34:1246-66. [PMID: 18720139 DOI: 10.1080/03639040802026012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To overcome the relatively short gastrointestinal (GI) time and improve localization for oral controlled or sustained release drug delivery systems, bioadhesive polymers that adhere to the mucin/epithelial surface are effective and lead to significant improvement in oral drug delivery. Improvements are also expected for other mucus-covered sites of drug administration. Bioadhesive polymers find application in the eye, nose, and vaginal cavity as well as in the GI tract, including the buccal cavity and rectum. This article lays emphasis mainly on mucoadhesive polymers, their properties, and their applications in buccal, ocular, nasal, and vaginal drug delivery systems with its evaluation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Asane
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Loni, M.S., India.
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15
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Aggregation and gelation in hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose aqueous solutions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2008; 327:333-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2008] [Revised: 08/28/2008] [Accepted: 08/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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17
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Shlieout G, Zessin G. Investigation of Ethylcellulose as a Matrix Former and a New Method to Regard and Evaluate the Compaction Data. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/03639049609041995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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18
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Khan GM, Meidan VM. Drug Release Kinetics from Tablet Matrices Based Upon Ethylcellulose Ether-Derivatives: A Comparison Between Different Formulations. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008; 33:627-39. [PMID: 17613027 DOI: 10.1080/03639040601179954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study involved the preparation of ibuprofen-containing controlled release tablets formulated from either the established granular product, Ethocel Standard Premium, or the novel finely-milled product, Ethocel Standard FP Premium. The tablets were prepared by either direct compression or wet granulation. The aim was to explore the influence of different parameters on the kinetics and mechanisms of ibuprofen release from the tablets. These parameters were; polymer particle size, polymer molecular weight, drug : polymer ratio, preparation methodology and partial replacement of lactose with the coexcipient-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). The derived drug release data were analyzed with reference to various established mathematical models while the f2-metric technique was used in order to determine profile equivalency. It was found that drug release was mostly modulated by several interactive factors apparently exhibiting crosstalk. Nevertheless, it was possible to identify some simple rules. Incorporation of Ethocel FP polymers and application of the wet granulation technique facilitated greater efficiency in controlling ibuprofen release behavior from the matrices. Furthermore, drug release profiles could be modulated by partial substitution of the primary excipient with HPMC. Polymer concentrations and particle sizes, rather than viscosity grade, were found to be decisive factors in controlling drug release rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gul Majid Khan
- Drug Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, N.W.F.P., Pakistan.
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19
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Vueba ML, Veiga F, Sousa JJ, Pina ME. Compatibility Studies Between Ibuprofen or Ketoprofen with Cellulose Ether Polymer Mixtures Using Thermal Analysis. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008; 31:943-9. [PMID: 16316849 DOI: 10.1080/03639040500306153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to investigate and detect incompatibilities between drugs such as: ibuprofen (IBU) or ketoprofen (KETO) with cellulose ether derivatives, which are frequently applied on controlled release dosage forms. Binary mixtures concerning methylcellulose (MC25) or hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K15M or K100M in different ratios were prepared and evaluated by the appearance, shift, or disappearance of peaks and/or variations in the corresponding DeltaH values. According to the DSC results, binary mixtures between those polymers were found to be compatible, but their mixture with IBU or KETO, promotes a solid-solid interaction mainly with 1:1:1 (w/w) ratio (drug-excipient). However, when the drug:excipient interactions were detected, they were not found to affect the drug bioavailability. DSC was successfully employed to evaluate the compatibility of the drugs with the selected polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Vueba
- Centro de Estudos Farmacêuticos, Laboratório de Galénica e Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbra, Rua do Norte, Coimbra, Portugal
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20
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Vueba ML, Batista de Carvalho LAE, Veiga F, Sousa JJ, Pina ME. Role of Cellulose Ether Polymers on Ibuprofen Release from Matrix Tablets. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008; 31:653-65. [PMID: 16207613 DOI: 10.1080/03639040500216360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose derivatives are the most frequently used polymers in formulations of pharmaceutical products for controlled drug delivery. The main aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of different cellulose substitutions on the release rate of ibuprofen (IBP) from hydrophilic matrix tablets. Thus, the release mechanism of IBP with methylcellulose (MC25), hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC K15M or K100M) was studied. In addition, the influence of the diluents lactose monohydrate (LAC) and beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) was evaluated. Distinct test formulations were prepared containing: 57.14% of IBP, 20.00% of polymer, 20.29% of diluent, 1.71% of talc lubricants, and 0.86% of magnesium stearate as lubricants. Although non-negligible drug-excipient interactions were detected from DSC studies, these were found not to constitute an incompatibility effect. Tablets were examined for their drug content, weight uniformity, hardness, thickness, tensile strength, friability, porosity, swelling, and dissolution performance. Polymers MC25 and HPC were found to be unsuitable for the preparation of this kind of solid dosage form, while HPMC K15M and K100M showed to be advantageous. Dissolution parameters such as the area under the dissolution curve (AUC), the dissolution efficiency (DE(20 h)), dissolution time (t 50%), and mean dissolution time (MDT) were calculated for all the formulations, and the highest MDT values were obtained with HPMC indicating that a higher value of MDT signifies a higher drug retarding ability of the polymer and vice-versa. The analysis of the drug release data was performed in the light of distinct kinetic mathematical models-Kosmeyer-Peppas, Higuchi, zero-, and first-order. The release process was also found to be slightly influenced by the kind of diluent used.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Vueba
- Centro de Estudos Farmacêuticos (CEF), Laboratório de Galénica e Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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21
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Moneghini M, Perissutti B, Kikic I, Grassi M, Cortesi A, Princivalle F. Preparation of Theophylline-Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose Matrices Using Supercritical Antisolvent Precipitation: A Preliminary Study. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008; 32:39-52. [PMID: 16455603 DOI: 10.1080/03639040500388037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Several controlled release systems of drugs have been elaborated using a supercritical fluid process. Indeed, recent techniques using a supercritical fluid as a solvent or as an antisolvent are considered to be useful alternatives to produce fine powders. In this preliminary study, the effect of Supercritical Anti Solvent process (SAS) on the release of theophylline from matrices manufactured with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) was investigated. Two grades of HPMC (HPMC E5 and K100) as carriers were considered in order to prepare a sustained delivery system for theophylline which was used as a model drug. The characterization of the drug before and after SAS treatment, and the coprecipitates with carriers, was performed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The dissolution rate of theophylline, theophylline-coprecipitates, and matricial tablets prepared with coprecipitates were determined. The physical characterizations revealed a substantial correspondence of the drug solid state before and after supercritical fluid treatment while drug-polymer interactions in the SAS-coprecipitates were attested. The dissolution studies of the matrices prepared compressing the coprecipitated systems showed that the matrices based on HPMC K100 were able to promote a sustained release of the drug. Further, this advantageous dissolution performance was found to be substantially independent of the pH of the medium. The comparison with the matrices prepared with untreated substances demonstrated that matrices obtained with SAS technique can provide a slower theophylline release rate. A new mathematical model describing the in vitro dissolution kinetics was proposed and successfully tested on these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Moneghini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
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22
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Vueba ML, Batista de Carvalho LAE, Veiga F, Sousa JJ, Pina ME. Influence of cellulose ether mixtures on ibuprofen release: MC25, HPC and HPMC K100M. Pharm Dev Technol 2006; 11:213-28. [PMID: 16749532 DOI: 10.1080/10837450600561349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The influence of cellulose ether derivatives on ibuprofen release from matrix tablets was investigated. Raman spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments were used, in order to examine the compatibility between the matrix components: both excipients and ibuprofen. While both the DSC and Raman results did not detect any incompatibilities, DSC revealed the existence of some drug:excipient interactions, reflected by variations in the hydration/dehydration processes. Formulations containing mixtures of polymers with both low and high viscosity grades-methylcellulose (MC25) or hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC K100M), respectively--were prepared by a direct compression method (using 20, 25, and 30% of either MC25 or HPC). The tablets were evaluated for their drug content, weight uniformity, hardness, thickness, tensile strength, friability, porosity, surface area, and volume. Parameters such as the mean dissolution time (MDT) and the dissolution efficiency (DE) were calculated in all cases. The solid formulations presently studied demonstrated a predominantly Fickian diffusion release mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Vueba
- Centro de Estudos Farmacêuticos, Laboratório de Galénica e Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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23
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Vueba ML, Batista de Carvalho LAE, Veiga F, Sousa JJ, Pina ME. Influence of cellulose ether polymers on ketoprofen release from hydrophilic matrix tablets. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2004; 58:51-9. [PMID: 15207537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2004.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2003] [Revised: 03/01/2004] [Accepted: 03/01/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The present work reports the study of different ketoprofen:excipient formulations, in order to determine the effect of the polymer substitution and type of diluent on the drug-release mechanism. Substituted cellulose-methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose were used as polymers, while lactose monohydrate and beta-cyclodextrin were tested as diluents. Distinct test formulations were prepared, containing 57.14% of ketoprofen, 20.00% of polymer, 20.29% of diluent, and 1.71% of talc/0.86% of magnesium stearate as lubricants. The tablets were tested for their drug content, weight variation, hardness, thickness, tensile strength, friability, swelling and release ratio. Polymers MC25 and HPC were found not to be appropriate for the preparation of modified release ketoprofen hydrophilic matrix tablets, while HPMC K15M and K100M showed to be advantageous. The analysis of the release profiles in the light of distinct kinetic models (zero-order, first-order, Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas) led to the conclusion that the type of polymer did not influence the release mechanism of the drug. The mean dissolution time (MDT) was determined, the highest MDT value being obtained for HPMC formulations. Moreover, the drug-release process was found to be slightly influenced by the type of diluent, either lactose or beta-cyclodextrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Vueba
- Centro de Estudos Farmacêuticos (CEF), Laboratório de Galénica e Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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24
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Salsa T, Veiga F, Teixeira-Dias JJC, Pina ME. Effect of polymer hydration on the kinetic release of drugs: a study of ibuprofen and ketoprofen in HPMC matrices. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2003; 29:289-97. [PMID: 12741610 DOI: 10.1081/ddc-120018202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Samples of drug/hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) mixtures and matrices (drug/HPMC mixtures plus excipients) were allowed to equilibrate in closed chambers with defined relative humidities (RHs). Their water uptake and drug release were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry/thermogravimetric analysis and dissolution studies, respectively. Analysis of the thermal behaviors of the drug/HPMC mixtures and of the polymer alone, as functions of RH, leads to the conclusion that most of the hydration water is retained by the polymer, and points to the occurrence of different types of hydration water, from the strongly polymer-bound water molecules at RH values up to 81%, to the almost "free water" for RH values close to 100%. In addition, application of the Korsmeyer model to the dissolution results leads to the conclusion that the rate determining dissolution processes are predominantly of the fickian type.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Salsa
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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25
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Sakagami M, Sakon K, Kinoshita W, Makino Y. Enhanced pulmonary absorption following aerosol administration of mucoadhesive powder microspheres. J Control Release 2001; 77:117-29. [PMID: 11689265 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-3659(01)00475-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mucoadhesive, hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) microspheres were prepared for powder inhalation and their feasibility for enhancing pulmonary drug absorption was investigated. Respirable-sized microspheres, incorporating crystalline or amorphous fluorescein (used as a model drug), were prepared by spray-drying aqueous or ethanol HPC systems, respectively. These were prepared from a variety of HPC grades (SL, L, M and H types) in different fluorescein-HPC ratios (1:1-1:10). The microspheres were administered to tracheally-intubated guinea pigs as powder aerosols and their fluorescein pharmacokinetics studied, and compared to those for pure crystalline fluorescein ('control'). All microspheres were prepared and aerosolized within a MMAD range of 1.3-2.6 microm (GSD< or =2.1). Fluorescein's dissolution was increased in the amorphous form by 6.5-fold when compared to the crystalline material (83.9-87.2 vs. 13.5 microg/ml, respectively). Poor dissolution for the 'control' crystalline fluorescein appeared to be rate-determined, which showed bi-phasic absorption profiles (T(max)=60 min), simultaneously competing with mucociliary clearance out of the lower airways. While the crystalline/HPC microspheres prolonged absorption, the amorphous fluorescein/HPC microspheres showed rapid absorption with T(max)=0 min (immediately after the administration had terminated). This was explained by enhanced fluorescein dissolution and was consistently observed irrespective of the fluorescein-HPC ratio or HPC grade. However, the microspheres with the least viscous HPC-SL and the lowest fluorescein-HPC ratio (1:1) failed to enhance bioavailability, presumably because the mucociliary clearance was undisturbed. In contrast, the microspheres with the highly viscous HPC-H with ratios > or = 1:4 successfully enhanced absorption, achieving 88.0% bioavailability by virtue of HPC increasing the dissolution and retarding the mucociliary clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakagami
- DDS Research Laboratories, TEIJIN Ltd., Asahigaoka, Hino, Tokyo 191-8512, Japan.
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26
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. GMK, . JBZ. Evaluation of Ethocel® Premium Ethylcellulose Ether Derivatives with Different
Molecular Weights as Controlled-release Matrix Forming Functional Polymers for
Ibuprofen. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2001. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2001.361.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Williams RO, Sykora MA, Mahaguna V. Method to recover a lipophilic drug from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose matrix tablets. AAPS PharmSciTech 2001; 2:E8. [PMID: 14727883 PMCID: PMC2750474 DOI: 10.1208/pt020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for recovery of the lipophilic drug, alprazolam, from matrix tablets containing the hydrophilic polymer hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) was developed. Lipophilic drugs, such as alprazolam, are difficult to completely extract and quantitate from tablets containing HPMC polymer. The percentage of recoveries of alprazolam from placebo powder spiked with alprazolam stock solution and from placebo powder mixed with alprazolam powder were about 100% and 85% to 95%, respectively. The validated method using water to completely dissolve HPMC before the addition of a strong solvent to dissolve and extract the drug from the HPMC solution was shown to be the most reproducible method. Different molecular weight distributions of the HPMC polymer, such as HPMC-K4M and HPMC-K100LV, did not influence the dissolution results of alprazolam using this validated method. Similarly, the excipients composing the matrix tablet formulations, such as dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, dicalcium phosphate anhydrous, calcium sulfate dihydrate, sucrose, dextrose, and lactose monohydrate, did not influence the percent recovery of alprazolam. The recovery method reported herein was shown to be the most efficient to achieve complete recovery of alprazolam from powder blends and tablets containing a variety of excipients and different grades of HPMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R O Williams
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas, Austin 78712-1074, USA.
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Abstract
A new fibrous material for the treatment of exudative wounds is characterised in terms of its physico-chemical properties. The chemistry of the material is analysed and its crystalline structure hypothesised. The influence of the structure on the hydration properties of the carboxymethylated cellulose fibre in fabric form is also demonstrated by physical test methods in comparison with fibrous alginate dressings. The methods illustrate the ability of the material to immobilise fluid by gel blocking and suggest how this can be beneficial in the treatment of chronic wounds by protecting the delicate peri-ulcer area from maceration by exudate.
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Abstract
Prolonged contact time of a drug with a body tissue, through the use of a bioadhesive polymer, can significantly improve the performance of many drugs. These improvements range from better treatment of local pathologies to improved drug bioavailability and controlled release to enhanced patient compliance. There are abundant examples in the literature over the past 15 years of these improvements using first generation or "off-the-shelf" bioadhesive polymers. The present mini-review will remind us of the success achieved with these first-generation polymers and focus on proposals for the next-generation polymers and attendant benefits likely to occur with these improved polymeric systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Lee
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Rhodes
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston 02881, USA
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Busch M, Kraak J, Poppe H. Cellulose acetate-coated fused-silica capillaries for the separation of proteins by capillary zone electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(94)01185-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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