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Metastatic melanomas express inhibitory low affinity fc gamma receptor and escape humoral immunity. Dermatol Res Pract 2010; 2010:657406. [PMID: 20672001 PMCID: PMC2905727 DOI: 10.1155/2010/657406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 04/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Our research, inspired by the pioneering works of Isaac Witz in the 1980s, established that 40% of human metastatic melanomas express ectopically inhibitory Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIB), while they are detected on less than 5% of primary cutaneous melanoma and not on melanocytes. We demonstrated that these tumoral FcγRIIB act as decoy receptors that bind the Fc portion of antimelanoma IgG, which may prevent Fc recognition by the effector cells of the immune system and allow the metastatic melanoma to escape the humoral/natural immune response. The FcγRIIB is able to inhibit the ADCC (antibody dependent cell cytotoxicity) in vitro. Interestingly, the percentage of melanoma expressing the FcγRIIB is high (70%) in organs like the liver, which is rich in patrolling NK (natural killer) cells that exercise their antitumoral activity by ADCC. We found that this tumoral FcγRIIB is fully functional and that its inhibitory potential can be triggered depending on the specificity of the anti-tumor antibody with which it interacts.
Together these observations elucidate how metastatic melanomas interact with and potentially evade humoral immunity and provide direction for the improvement of anti-melanoma monoclonal antibody therapy.
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Cassard L, Cohen-Solal JFG, Fournier EM, Camilleri-Broët S, Spatz A, Chouaïb S, Badoual C, Varin A, Fisson S, Duvillard P, Boix C, Loncar SM, Sastre-Garau X, Houghton AN, Avril MF, Gresser I, Fridman WH, Sautès-Fridman C. Selective expression of inhibitory Fcgamma receptor by metastatic melanoma impairs tumor susceptibility to IgG-dependent cellular response. Int J Cancer 2009; 123:2832-9. [PMID: 18798552 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
During melanoma progression, patients develop anti-tumor immunity including the production of anti-tumor antibodies. Although the strategies developed by malignant cells to escape anti-tumor cellular immunity have been extensively investigated, little is known about tumor resistance to humoral immunity. The main effect of IgG antibodies is to activate the immune response by binding to host Fc gamma receptors (FcgammaR) expressed by immune cells. We previously reported in a limited study that some human metastatic melanoma cells ectopically express the FcgammaRIIB1, an inhibitory isoform of FcgammaR. By analyzing a large panel of different types of human primary and metastatic solid tumors, we report herein that expression of FcgammaRIIB is restricted to melanoma and is acquired during tumor progression. We show that FcgammaRIIB expression prevents the lysis of human metastatic melanoma cells by NK cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vitro, independently of the intracytoplasmic region of FcgammaRIIB. Using experimental mouse models, we demonstrate that expression of FcgammaRIIB protects B16F0 melanoma tumors from the ADCC induced by monoclonal and polyclonal anti-tumor IgG in vivo. Thus, our results identify FcgammaRIIB as a marker of human metastatic melanoma that impairs the tumor susceptibility to FcgammaR-dependent innate effector responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydie Cassard
- INSERM, U872, Microenvironnement immunitaire et tumeurs, Equipe 13, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
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Cassard L, Cohen-Solal J, Camilleri-Broët S, Fournier E, Fridman WH, Sautès-Fridman C. Fc gamma receptors and cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 28:321-8. [PMID: 17096153 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-006-0058-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2006] [Accepted: 10/18/2006] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
FcgammaRs are a family of heterogeneous molecules that play opposite roles in immune response and control the effector functions of IgG antibodies. In many cancers, IgG antibodies are produced that recognize cancer cells, form immune complexes and therefore, activate FcgammaR. The therapeutic efficacy of monoclonal IgG antibodies against hematopoietic and epithelial tumors also argue for an important role of IgG antibodies in anti-tumor defenses. Since the 1980s, a series of lines of evidence in experimental models and in humans strongly suggest that FcgammaR are involved in the therapeutic activity of monoclonal IgG antibodies by activating the cytotoxic activity of FcgammaR-positive cells such as NK cells, monocytes, macrophages and neutrophils and by increasing antigen presentation by dendritic cells. Since many cell types co-express activating and inhibitory FcgammaR, the FcgammaR-dependent effector functions of IgG anti-tumor antibodies are counterbalanced by the inhibitory FcgammaRIIB. In addition, some tumor cells express FcgammaR either constitutively, such as B cell lymphomas or ectopically, such as 40% of human metastatic melanoma. The tumor FcgammaR isoform is preferentially FcgammaRIIB, which is functional at least in human metastatic melanoma. This review summarizes these data and discusses how FcgammaRIIB expression may influence the anti-tumor immune reaction and how beneficial or deleterious this expression could be for the efficiency of therapeutics based on monoclonal anti-tumor antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydie Cassard
- INSERM UMRs255, Université Paris 5 René Descartes, Université Paris 6 Pierre et Marie Curie, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, 15 rue de L’Ecole de Médecine, 75270, Paris Cedex 06, France,
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Pavoni E, Pucci A, Vaccaro P, Monteriù G, Ceratti ADP, Lugini A, Virdis RA, Cortesi E, De Gaetano A, Panunzi S, Felici F, Minenkova O. A study of the humoral immune response of breast cancer patients to a panel of human tumor antigens identified by phage display. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 30:248-56. [PMID: 16876336 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdp.2006.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this article we provide evidence of a significant spontaneous humoral response in cancer patients. METHODS A panel of tumor-associated antigens, previously identified through serological screening of phage-displayed cDNA libraries from solid human tumors, breast carcinoma cell lines and human testis by employing breast cancer patient sera, was used in this study to survey sera from 182 patients with known disease histories and clinical stages. RESULTS This analysis reveals a statistically significant association between tumor disease and presence in peripheral blood of IgG antibodies against four autoantigens. One of these antigens (D7-1) is particularly interesting in that the antibody response against it grows with cancer progression from stages I through IV, with an incidence of 13.2, 13.5, 18.2 and 27%, respectively. The significance of this stage-dependent increase in the incidence is confirmed by the Mantel-Haenszel Chi-squared test (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our data confirm association between breast cancer diagnosis of patients and presence in their peripheral blood of antibodies against several autoantigens identified by phage display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Pavoni
- Kenton Labs, c/o Sigma-Tau, S.p.A., Via Pontina km 30.400, Pomezia 00040, Rome, Italy
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Pavoni E, Vaccaro P, Pucci A, Monteriù G, Beghetto E, Barca S, Dupuis ML, De Pasquale Ceratti A, Lugini A, Cianfriglia M, Cortesi E, Felici F, Minenkova O. Identification of a panel of tumor-associated antigens from breast carcinoma cell lines, solid tumors and testis cDNA libraries displayed on lambda phage. BMC Cancer 2004; 4:78. [PMID: 15541172 PMCID: PMC539249 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-4-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2004] [Accepted: 11/12/2004] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-associated antigens recognized by humoral effectors of the immune system are a very attractive target for human cancer diagnostics and therapy. Recent advances in molecular techniques have led to molecular definition of immunogenic tumor proteins based on their reactivity with autologous patient sera (SEREX). METHODS Several high complexity phage-displayed cDNA libraries from breast carcinomas, human testis and breast carcinoma cell lines MCF-7, MDA-MB-468 were constructed. The cDNAs were expressed in the libraries as fusion to bacteriophage lambda protein D. Lambda-displayed libraries were efficiently screened with sera from patients with breast cancer. RESULTS A panel of 21 clones representing 18 different antigens, including eight proteins of unknown function, was identified. Three of these antigens (T7-1, T11-3 and T11-9) were found to be overexpressed in tumors as compared to normal breast. A serological analysis of the 21 different antigens revealed a strong cancer-related profile for at least five clones (T6-2, T6-7, T7-1, T9-21 and T9-27). CONCLUSIONS Preliminary results indicate that patient serum reactivity against five of the antigens is associated with tumor disease. The novel T7-1 antigen, which is overexpressed in breast tumors and recognized specifically by breast cancer patient sera, is potentially useful in cancer diagnosis.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate/blood
- Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate/chemistry
- Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate/genetics
- Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate/immunology
- Bacteriophage lambda/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/blood
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Gene Library
- Genetic Vectors/genetics
- Humans
- Male
- Neoplasms/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods
- Serologic Tests/methods
- Testis/chemistry
- Testis/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paola Vaccaro
- Kenton Labs, c/o Sigma Tau, Pomezia (Rome), 00040, Italy
| | - Andrea Pucci
- Kenton Labs, c/o Sigma Tau, Pomezia (Rome), 00040, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Beghetto
- Kenton Labs, c/o Sigma Tau, Pomezia (Rome), 00040, Italy
| | - Stefano Barca
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, Reparto Immunologia dei Tumori, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, 00100, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Dupuis
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, Reparto Immunologia dei Tumori, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, 00100, Italy
| | - Adolfo De Pasquale Ceratti
- Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Patologia, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Rome, 00100, Italy
| | - Antonio Lugini
- Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Patologia, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Rome, 00100, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cianfriglia
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, Reparto Immunologia dei Tumori, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, 00100, Italy
| | - Enrico Cortesi
- Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Patologia, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Rome, 00100, Italy
| | - Franco Felici
- Kenton Labs, c/o Sigma Tau, Pomezia (Rome), 00040, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Microbiologiche, Genetiche e Molecolari, Università di Messina, 98100, Italy
| | - Olga Minenkova
- Kenton Labs, c/o Sigma Tau, Pomezia (Rome), 00040, Italy
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Potapnev MP, Belevtsev MV, Bortkevich LG, Grinev VV, Martsev SP, Kravchuk ZI, Migal NV, Aleinikova OV. Significance of serum immunoglobulin G for leukocytosis and prognosis in childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2004; 42:421-6. [PMID: 15049013 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.20014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was conducted to evaluate the significance of serum level of immunoglobulins (Igs) and particularly IgG for leukemic cell persistence in peripheral blood (PB) and prognosis for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). PROCEDURE Human sera were obtained from 68 children with primary B-lineage ALL at diagnosis and 46 healthy children (control). Serum level of IgM, IgG, IgA, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, antitumor antibody, homogeneous IgG were quantified by turbidimetric or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS The mean values of serum IgM, IgG, IgA at diagnosis were not differed significantly in ALL patients and control children. The level of IgM and IgG1 inversely correlated with white blood cell (WBC) count in PB of patients. Normal range of serum IgG, separated by 25th and 75th percentiles of IgG variables, was associated in patients with decreased WBC count in PB but not in bone marrow (BM) versus patients with low concentration of IgG. Normal range of IgG also favors low frequency of homogeneous IgG and antitumor antibodies. Patients with high level of IgG, besides increased frequency of homogeneous IgG and antitumor antibodies, had worse 3-year overall survival (OS) rate as compared to patients with normal level of IgG (58.8 vs. 91.2%, P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS The normal level of serum IgG at diagnosis is a beneficial prognostic factor associated with lower rate of leukemic cell persistence in PB and better outcome of childhood B-lineage ALL.
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Leszczyniecka M, Roberts T, Dent P, Grant S, Fisher PB. Differentiation therapy of human cancer: basic science and clinical applications. Pharmacol Ther 2001; 90:105-56. [PMID: 11578655 DOI: 10.1016/s0163-7258(01)00132-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Current cancer therapies are highly toxic and often nonspecific. A potentially less toxic approach to treating this prevalent disease employs agents that modify cancer cell differentiation, termed 'differentiation therapy.' This approach is based on the tacit assumption that many neoplastic cell types exhibit reversible defects in differentiation, which upon appropriate treatment, results in tumor reprogramming and a concomitant loss in proliferative capacity and induction of terminal differentiation or apoptosis (programmed cell death). Laboratory studies that focus on elucidating mechanisms of action are demonstrating the effectiveness of 'differentiation therapy,' which is now beginning to show translational promise in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Leszczyniecka
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
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