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N-Cadherin Is Critical for the Survival of Germ Cells, the Formation of Steroidogenic Cells, and the Architecture of Developing Mouse Gonads. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121610. [PMID: 31835801 PMCID: PMC6952792 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal gonad development assures the fertility of the individual. The properly functioning gonads must contain a sufficient number of the viable germ cells, possess a correct architecture and tissue structure, and assure the proper hormonal regulation. This is achieved by the interplay between the germ cells and different types of somatic cells. N-cadherin coded by the Cdh2 gene plays a critical role in this interplay. To gain an insight into the role of N-cadherin in the development of mouse gonads, we used the Cre-loxP system to knock out N-cadherin separately in two cell lines: the SF1+ somatic cells and the OCT4+ germ cells. We observed that N-cadherin plays a key role in the survival of both female and male germ cells. However, the N-cadherin is not necessary for the differentiation of the Sertoli cells or the initiation of the formation of testis cords or ovigerous cords. In the later stages of gonad development, N-cadherin is important for the maintenance of testis cord structure and is required for the formation of steroidogenic cells. In the ovaries, N-cadherin is necessary for the formation of the ovarian follicles. These results indicate that N-cadherin plays a major role in gonad differentiation, structuralization, and function.
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Cao ZQ, Wang Z, Leng P. Aberrant N-cadherin expression in cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109320. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Zhu S, Liu J, Min L, Sun X, Guo Q, Li H, Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Gu J, Zhang S. Cadherin Expression Shift Could Well Distinguish Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma from Non- Cancerous Esophageal Tissues. Oncol Res Treat 2018; 41:380-385. [PMID: 29734166 DOI: 10.1159/000487267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) identification with high sensitivity are not well established. Since abnormal expression of cadherins has been widely reported in cancer, we explored its feasibility as an ESCC biomarker. METHODS Expression of E-cadherin and N-cadherin were detected in 150 esophageal tissues by immunohistochemistry. Staining strength and percentage in different subcellular structures of each specimen were evaluated by 2 independent pathologists. A logistic regression-based classifier derived from E-cadherin and N-cadherin staining was generated. RESULTS E-cadherin exhibited decreased membrane expression in ESCC, while N-cadherin exhibited decreased expression in the nucleus but elevated expression in the cytoplasm. Both E-cadherin and N-cadherin could distinguish ESCC tissues from non-cancerous tissues (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.748, 0.801, respectively). E-cadherin and N-cadherin staining scores could be merged into a cadherin (CDH) logistic index, which showed better discrimination (AUC = 0.909) than E-cadherin or N-cadherin alone. Further investigation indicated that the CDH logistic index was significantly correlated with tumor size and differentiation in ESCC. CONCLUSION Both E-cadherin and N-cadherin had a strong expression shift in ESCC compared with non-cancerous tissues. The CDH logistic index, a parameter integrating the expression data of both cadherins, could be used as a marker with high sensitivity and specificity in the identification of ESCC.
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Kumari M, Ray L, Purohit MP, Patnaik S, Pant AB, Shukla Y, Kumar P, Gupta KC. Curcumin loading potentiates the chemotherapeutic efficacy of selenium nanoparticles in HCT116 cells and Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma bearing mice. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 117:346-362. [PMID: 28499854 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The anticancer properties of selenium (Se) and curcumin nanoparticles in solo formulations as well as in combination with other therapeutic agents have been proved time and again. Exploiting this facet of the two, we clubbed their tumoricidal characteristics and designed curcumin loaded Se nanoparticles (Se-CurNPs) to achieve an enhanced therapeutic effect. We evaluated their therapeutic effects on different cancer cell lines and Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma mouse model. In vitro results showed that Se-CurNPs were most effective on colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT116) compared to the other cancer cell lines used and possessed pleiotropic anticancer effects. The therapeutic effect on HCT116 was primarily attributed to an elevated level of autophagy and apoptosis as evident from significant up-regulation of autophagy associated (LC3B-II) and pro-apoptotic (Bax) proteins, down-regulation of anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) protein and Cytochrome c (cyt c) release from mitochondria along with reduced NFκB signaling and EMT based machineries marked by downregulation of inflammation (NFκB, phospho-NFκB) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (CD44, N-cadherin) associated proteins. In vivo studies on Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) mice model indicated that Se-CurNPs significantly reduced the tumor load and enhanced the mean survival time (days) of tumor-bearing EAC mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Kumari
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi University Campus, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - L Ray
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, M.G. Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M P Purohit
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, M.G. Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - S Patnaik
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, M.G. Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A B Pant
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, M.G. Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Y Shukla
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, M.G. Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P Kumar
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi University Campus, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India
| | - K C Gupta
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi University Campus, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India; CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, M.G. Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering (BSBE) and Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering (CESE), Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India.
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Pieniazek M, Donizy P, Halon A, Leskiewicz M, Matkowski R. Prognostic significance of immunohistochemical epithelial–mesenchymal transition markers in skin melanoma patients. Biomark Med 2016; 10:975-85. [DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate secreted protein acidic and rich in cystein (SPARC) and neural cadherin (NCAD), which are associated with epithelial–mesenchymal transition in primary skin melanoma and nodal metastases and their prognostic impact in melanoma patients. Methods: Expression of proteins was assessed by immunochemistry in archival paraffin samples from 103 primary melanoma tumors and 16 nodal metastases. Results: Increased expression of SPARC and NCAD in primary skin melanoma was associated with decreased overall survival, adverse clinicopathological features and particularly with microsatellitosis (SPARC) and ulceration (NCAD). In univariate Cox regression analysis, both biomarkers were significantly associated with the risk of death; the multivariate Cox regression analysis identified no significance. Conclusion: The most important result of our study was that we confirmed the strict correlation between SPARC and NCAD expression and clinicopathological parameters related with melanoma progression, which is a specific clinical equivalent of the molecular mechanisms of epithelial–mesenchymal transition process and confirms its key role in the disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Pieniazek
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Tadeusz Koszarowski Regional Oncology Center, Opole, Katowicka 66a, Poland
| | - Piotr Donizy
- Department of Pathomorphology & Oncological Cytology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50–556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Halon
- Department of Pathomorphology & Oncological Cytology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50–556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marek Leskiewicz
- Department of Statistics, Wroclaw University of Economics, Komandorska 118–120, 53–345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafal Matkowski
- Department of Oncology & Division of Surgical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, pl. Hirszfelda 12, 53–413 Wroclaw, Poland
- Lower Silesian Oncology Centre, pl. Hirszfelda 12, 53–413 Wroclaw, Poland
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Mrozik KM, Cheong CM, Hewett D, Chow AWS, Blaschuk OW, Zannettino ACW, Vandyke K. Therapeutic targeting of N-cadherin is an effective treatment for multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol 2015; 171:387-99. [PMID: 26194766 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Elevated expression of the cell adhesion molecule N-cadherin (cadherin 2, type 1, N-cadherin (neuronal); CDH2) is associated with poor prognosis in newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients. In this study, we investigated whether targeting of N-cadherin represents a potential treatment for the ~50% of MM patients with elevated N-cadherin. Initially, we stably knocked-down N-cadherin in the mouse MM plasma cell (PC) line 5TGM1 to assess the functional role of N-cadherin in MM pathogenesis. When compared with 5TGM1-scramble-shRNA cells, 5TGM1-Cdh2-shRNA cells had significantly reduced adhesion to bone marrow endothelial cells. However, N-cadherin knock-down did not affect 5TGM1 cell proliferation or adhesion to bone marrow stromal cells. In the C57BL/KaLwRij murine MM model, mice intravenously inoculated with 5TGM1-Cdh2-shRNA cells showed significantly decreased tumour burden after 4 weeks, compared with animals bearing 5TGM1-scramble-shRNA cells. Finally, the N-cadherin antagonist ADH-1 had no effect on tumour burden in the established disease setting, whereas up-front ADH-1 treatment resulted in significantly reduced tumour burden after 4 weeks. Our findings demonstrate that N-cadherin may play a key role in the extravasation of circulating MM PCs promoting bone marrow homing. Moreover, these studies suggest that N-cadherin may represent a viable therapeutic target to prevent the dissemination of MM PCs and delay MM disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof M Mrozik
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Chee Man Cheong
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Duncan Hewett
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Annie W S Chow
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Orest W Blaschuk
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Andrew C W Zannettino
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Biology and Hanson Institute, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Centre for Stem Cell Research, Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Centre for Personalised Cancer Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kate Vandyke
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Biology and Hanson Institute, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Prins MJD, Ruurda JP, Lolkema MP, Sitarz R, Ten Kate FJW, van Hillegersberg R. The role of biological markers of epithelial to mesenchymal transition in oesophageal adenocarcinoma, an immunohistochemical study. J Clin Pathol 2015; 68:529-35. [PMID: 25855799 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-202962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND E-cadherin, β-catenin, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), neuronal cadherin (N-cadherin) and Cyclin D1 are involved in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the prognostic significance of EMT markers in oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is unknown. Aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of, and the association between different EMT markers in OAC. METHODS Tumour cores of 154 patients with OAC were included in a tissue microarray. Scoring criteria was based on immunohistochemical staining intensity. RESULTS EMT-associated markers were expressed in OAC: reduced membranous E-cadherin and β-catenin were seen in 11.4% and 51.7%, nuclear β-catenin in 19.1% and EGFR and Cyclin D1 overexpression in 56.5% and 27.4% of tumours. Mesenchymal marker N-cadherin was not expressed in OAC. A positive correlation was seen between membranous β-catenin and E-cadherin expression (R=0.209, p=0.001) and between EGFR and Cyclin D1 (R=0.257, p=0.002). In univariate analysis, EGFR overexpression and membranous β-catenin staining were significantly associated with a poor survival (HR 2.145; 95% CI 1.429 to 3.218, p<0.001 and HR 1.665; 95% CI 1.114 to 2.488; p=0.013). However, Cyclin D1 (HR 1.092; 95% CI 0.702 to 1.698; p=0.697), nuclear β-catenin (HR 1.322; 95% CI 0.799 to 2.189; p=0.277) and E-cadherin (HR 1.012; 95% CI 0.554 to 1.851; p=0.968) were not associated with survival. In multivariate analysis, EGFR overexpression was an independent prognostic factor for poor survival (HR 1.678; 95% CI 1.055 to 2.668; p=0.029) together with T stage (HR 2.759; 95% CI 1.356 to 5.576; p=0.005). CONCLUSIONS This study supports the presence of EMT in OAC. Moreover, EGFR overexpression was independently associated with a poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J D Prins
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J P Ruurda
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M P Lolkema
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Sitarz
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - F J W Ten Kate
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R van Hillegersberg
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Mato E, González C, Moral A, Pérez JI, Bell O, Lerma E, de Leiva A. ABCG2/BCRP gene expression is related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition inducer genes in a papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line (TPC-1). J Mol Endocrinol 2014; 52:289-300. [PMID: 24643400 DOI: 10.1530/jme-14-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tumor malignancy is associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and resistance to chemotherapy. However, little is known about the relationship between the EMT and the multidrug-resistance gene in thyroid tumor progression. We investigated whether the expression of the ABCG2/BCRP gene is associated with ZEB1 and other EMT inducer genes involved in tumor dedifferentiation. We established a subpopulation of cells that express the ABCG2/BCRP gene derived from the thyroid papillary carcinoma cell line (TPC-1), the so-called TPC-1 MITO-resistant subline. The most relevant findings in these TPC-1 selected cells were a statistically significant upregulation of ZEB1 and TWIST1 (35- and 15-fold change respectively), no changes in the relative expression of vimentin and SNAIL1, and no expression of E-cadherin. The TPC-1 MITO-resistant subline displayed a faster migration and greater invasive ability than parental cells in correlation with a significant upregulation of the survivin (BIRC5) gene (twofold change, P<0.05). The knockdown of ZEB1 promoted nuclear re-expression of E-cadherin, reduced expression of vimentin, N-cadherin, and BIRC5 genes, and reduced cell migration (P<0.05). Analysis of human thyroid carcinoma showed a slight overexpression of the ABCG2/BCRP at stages I and II (P<0.01), and a higher overexpression at stages III and IV (P<0.01). SNAIL1, TWIST1, and ZEB1 genes showed higher expression at stages III and IV than at stages I and II. E- and N-cadherin genes were upregulated at stages I and II of the disease (ninefold and tenfold change, respectively, P<0.01) but downregulated at stages III and IV (fourfold lower, P<0.01). These results could be a promising starting point for further study of the role of the ABCG2/BCRP gene in the progression of thyroid tumor.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/biosynthesis
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Cadherins/biosynthesis
- Carcinoma/genetics
- Carcinoma/pathology
- Carcinoma, Papillary
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Multiple/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Homeodomain Proteins/biosynthesis
- Homeodomain Proteins/genetics
- Humans
- Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins/biosynthesis
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Staging
- Nuclear Proteins/biosynthesis
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Small Interfering
- Snail Family Transcription Factors
- Survivin
- Thyroid Cancer, Papillary
- Thyroid Gland/pathology
- Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics
- Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology
- Transcription Factors/biosynthesis
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Twist-Related Protein 1/biosynthesis
- Up-Regulation
- Vimentin/biosynthesis
- Young Adult
- Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1
- Zinc Fingers/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mato
- Thyroid Neoplasia Study Group, EDUAB-HSP, Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) Departament de Biologia Cel-lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain Departments of Endocrinology and Nutrition General Surgery Pathology IIB, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Kajiwara T, Hiasa Y, Nishina T, Matsumoto T, Hori S, Nadano S, Iguchi H, Takeji S, Tsubouchi E, Ikeda Y, Onji M. Maximum standardized uptake value in 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography is associated with advanced tumor factors in esophageal cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 2014; 2:313-321. [PMID: 24649354 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2014.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG-PET/CT) has become established in cancer imaging, and derived maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) add functional information regarding cancer, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical significance and association of tumor progression using SUVmax derived from PET/CT images in patients with ESCC. In total, 101 patients with ESCC were assessed using FDG-PET/CT and the SUVmax was then compared with the clinical backgrounds and prognoses of the patients. Endoscopic ESCC biopsy specimens were obtained in order to analyze mRNA expression relative to tumor progression. The results showed that values for SUVmax were significantly higher in patients with tumor progression factors, particularly those with lymph node metastasis. Analysis of receiver operating characteristics curves revealed an optimum SUVmax cut-off value of 10.26 for node-positive disease. Patients with SUVmax ≥10.26 had gene alterations with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and significantly worse overall survival (P=0.0012). A higher SUVmax in patients with ESCC was associated with lymph node metastasis and a poorer prognosis. Thus, the SUVmax may reflect the potential of EMT in patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kajiwara
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center, Matsuyama, Ehime 791-0280, Japan
| | - Yoichi Hiasa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nishina
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center, Matsuyama, Ehime 791-0280, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Matsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center, Matsuyama, Ehime 791-0280, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Hori
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center, Matsuyama, Ehime 791-0280, Japan
| | - Seijin Nadano
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center, Matsuyama, Ehime 791-0280, Japan
| | - Haruo Iguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center, Matsuyama, Ehime 791-0280, Japan
| | - Satoru Takeji
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Eiji Tsubouchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ikeda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Morikazu Onji
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
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Zhao J, Li P, Feng H, Wang P, Zong Y, Ma J, Zhang Z, Chen X, Zheng M, Zhu Z, Lu A. Cadherin-12 contributes to tumorigenicity in colorectal cancer by promoting migration, invasion, adhersion and angiogenesis. J Transl Med 2013; 11:288. [PMID: 24237488 PMCID: PMC3879717 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cadherin 12 (CDH12), which encodes a type II classical cadherin from the cadherin superfamily, may mediate calcium-dependent cell adhesion. It has been demonstrated that CDH12 could play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma. We decided to investigate the relationship between CDH12 expression level and clinicopathologic variables in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) patients and to explore the functions of CDH12 in tumorigenesis in CRC. Methods The expression levels of CDH12 in colorectal carcinoma tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. Real-time PCR and Western Blot were used to screen CDH12 high-expression cell lines. CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation ability of CRC cells being transfected by shRNAs against CDH12. The wound assay and transwell assay were performed to test migration and invasion ability. The importance of CDH12 in cell-cell junctions was detected by cell adhesion assay and cell aggregation assay. Endothelial tube formation assay was used to test the influence of CDH12 on angiogenesis. Results Statistical analysis of clinical cases revealed that the positive rate of CDH12 was higher in the CRC tumor tissues compared with the adjacent non-tumor tissues. The expression levels of CDH12 in CRC patients are significantly correlated with invasion depth. Consistently, the ability of proliferation, migration and invasion were suppressed when CDH12 was decreased in CRC cells transfected with shRNAs. Cell adhesion assay and cell aggregation assay presented that tumor cells tend to disperse with the lack of CDH12. Endothelial tube formation assay showed that down-regulation of CDH12 could obviously inhibit the process of angiogenesis, implying that CDH12 may play an important role in tumor metastasis Conclusion Our results showed that CDH12 promotes proliferation, migration, invasion, adhesion and angiogenesis, suggesting that CDH12 may be an oncogene in colorectal cancer. CDH12 is expected to become a new diagnostic and prognostic marker and a novel target of the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhenggang Zhu
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Rui Jin Er Rd, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China.
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Ou Y, Ma L, Ma L, Huang Z, Zhou W, Zhao C, Zhang B, Song Y, Yu C, Zhan Q. Overexpression of cyclin B1 antagonizes chemotherapeutic-induced apoptosis through PTEN/Akt pathway in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2012; 14:45-55. [PMID: 23114644 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.22627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of cyclin B1 in the clinical therapeutic sensitivity of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains to be defined. In this study, we found that elevated cyclin B1 expression attenuated the apoptosis induced by cisplatin or paclitaxel, while knockdown of cyclin B1 enhanced cisplatin or paclitaxel sensitivity in ESCC cells. Cyclin B1-mediated apoptosis may rely on the Bcl-2-dependent mitochondria-regulated intrinsic death pathway, and the antagonizing effect of cyclin B1 on chemotherapeutic agent-induced apoptosis was through PTEN/Akt pathway. Therefore, cyclin B1 might be a therapeutic target for the development of specific and efficient approaches in the treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunwei Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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12
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Parnaud G, Gonelle-Gispert C, Morel P, Giovannoni L, Muller YD, Meier R, Borot S, Berney T, Bosco D. Cadherin engagement protects human β-cells from apoptosis. Endocrinology 2011; 152:4601-9. [PMID: 21990317 DOI: 10.1210/en.2011-1286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the expression of different types of cadherins in human islets and their role in human β-cell apoptosis. Expression of E-, N-, and P-cadherins was studied by immunofluorescence on pancreas sections and islet cells, and by Western blotting on protein extracts of isolated islets and islet cells. The effects of specific cadherins on cell adhesion and apoptosis were studied using chimeric proteins containing functional E-, N-, or P-cadherin ectodomains fused to Fc fragment of Ig (E-cad/Fc, N-cad/Fc, and P-cad/Fc) and immobilized on glass substrate. β-Cells were identified by immunofluorescence for insulin and apoptotic cells by terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated 2'-deoxyuridine, 5'-triphosphate nick-end labeling. By immunofluorescence, we showed that E- and N-, and not P-, cadherins were expressed at the surface of islet cells. By triple staining, we showed that E-cadherin was expressed at similar extent in β- and α-cells, whereas N-cadherin was preferentially expressed in β-cells. These results were confirmed by Western blot analysis using protein extracts from fluorescence-activated cell sorting-sorted β- and non-β-cells. Adhesion tests showed that the affinity of islet cells for E-cad/Fc and N-cad/Fc and not for P-cad/Fc was increased compared with control. By terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated 2'-deoxyuridine, 5'-triphosphate nick-end labeling, we showed that the percentage of apoptotic cells was lower in aggregated β-cells compared with single β-cells and that attachment to E-cad/Fc and N-cad/Fc and not to P-cad/Fc decreased apoptosis of single β-cells compared with control. Our results show that at least E- and N-cadherins are expressed at the surface of human β-cells and that these adhesion molecules are involved in the maintenance of β-cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Parnaud
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Nalla AK, Estes N, Patel J, Rao JS. N-cadherin mediates angiogenesis by regulating monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression via PI3K/Akt signaling in prostate cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2011; 317:2512-21. [PMID: 21855541 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2011.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Revised: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, evidence continues to mount showing that N-cadherin is a critical protein in cancer progression and metastasis. In the present study, we evaluated the expression of N-cadherin in human prostate cancer tissue specimens and cell lines. Enhanced expression of N-cadherin was observed in both the malignant and bone-metastasized prostate tissue specimens compared to the healthy prostate tissues. Consistent with the tissue array data, N-cadherin was highly expressed in PC3, but not in Du145 and LNCaP human prostate cell lines. Based on cell to cell binding assay, we found that N-cadherin expression facilitates homotypic interaction between human prostate cancer cells and human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC). Human angiogenesis antibody array and in vitro angiogenesis assay showed that siRNA-mediated knockdown of N-cadherin reduced the secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), which played a potential role in stimulating capillary network formation of HMEC. Additionally, culture supernatant of Du145 cells transfected with full-length N-cadherin expressing plasmid showed increased MCP-1 expression and chemoattractant ability compared to normal Du145 cells. Further, we noticed that blocking PI3K activity inhibited N-cadherin mediated MCP-1 expression. Our data demonstrated that N-cadherin in prostate cancer cell mediates cell-cell adhesion and regulates MCP-1 expression via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Nalla
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, IL, USA
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Patnaik SK, Kannisto E, Mallick R, Yendamuri S. Overexpression of the lung cancer-prognostic miR-146b microRNAs has a minimal and negative effect on the malignant phenotype of A549 lung cancer cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e22379. [PMID: 21789255 PMCID: PMC3138784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Expression levels of miR-146b-5p and -3p microRNAs in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are associated with recurrence of the disease after surgery. To understand this, the effect of miR-146b overexpression was studied in A549 human lung cancer cells. Methods A549 cells, engineered with lentiviruses to overexpress the human pre-miR-146b precursor microRNA, were examined for proliferation, colony formation on plastic surface and in soft agar, migration and invasiveness in cell culture and in vivo in mice, chemosensitivity to cisplatin and doxorubicin, and global gene expression. miR-146b expressions were assessed in microdissected stroma and epithelia of human NSCLC tumors. Association of miR-146b-5p and -3p expression in early stage NSCLC with recurrence was analyzed. Principal Findings A549 pre-miR-146b-overexpressors had 3–8-fold higher levels of both miR-146b microRNAs than control cells. Overexpression did not alter cellular proliferation, chemosensitivity, migration, or invasiveness; affected only 0.3% of the mRNA transcriptome; and, reduced the ability to form colonies in vitro by 25%. In human NSCLC tumors, expression of both miR-146b microRNAs was 7–10-fold higher in stroma than in cancerous epithelia, and higher miR-146b-5p but lower -3p levels were predictive of recurrence. Conclusions Only a minimal effect of pre-miR-146b overexpression on the malignant phenotype was seen in A549 cells. This could be because of opposing effects of miR-146b-5p and -3p overexpression as suggested by the conflicting recurrence-predictive values of the two microRNAs, or because miR-146b expression changes in non-cancerous stroma and not cancerous epithelia of tumors are responsible for the prognostic value of miR-146b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Patnaik
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Eric Kannisto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Reema Mallick
- Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Rootstown, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sai Yendamuri
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Down regulation of E-Cadherin (ECAD) - a predictor for occult metastatic disease in sentinel node biopsy of early squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity and oropharynx. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:217:1-8. [PMID: 21639893 PMCID: PMC3128007 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2010] [Accepted: 06/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prognostic factors in predicting occult lymph node metastasis in patients with head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are necessary to improve the results of the sentinel lymph node procedure in this tumour type. The E-Cadherin glycoprotein is an intercellular adhesion molecule in epithelial cells, which plays an important role in establishing and maintaining intercellular connections. Objectives To determine the value of the molecular marker E-Cadherin in predicting regional metastatic disease. Methods E-Cadherin expression in tumour tissue of 120 patients with HNSCC of the oral cavity and oropharynx were evaluated using the tissue microarray technique. 110 tumours were located in the oral cavity (91.7%; mostly tongue), 10 tumours in the oropharynx (8.3%). Intensity of E-Cadherin expression was quantified by the Intensity Reactivity Score (IRS). These results were correlated with the lymph node status of biopsied sentinel lymph nodes. Univariate and multivariate analysis was used to determine statistical significance. Results pT-stage, gender, tumour side and location did not correlate with lymph node metastasis. Differentiation grade (p = 0.018) and down regulation of E-Cadherin expression significantly correlate with positive lymph node status (p = 0.005) in univariate and multivariate analysis. Conclusion These data suggest that loss of E-cadherin expression is associated with increased lymhogeneous metastasis of HNSCC. E-cadherin immunohistochemistry may be used as a predictor for lymph node metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx. Level of evidence: 2b
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Sui X, Wang D, Geng S, Zhou G, He C, Hu X. Methylated promoters of genes encoding protocadherins as a new cancer biomarker family. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:1105-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-0837-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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