1
|
Xie G, Shan L, Yang C, Liu Y, Pang X, Teng S, Wu TC, Gu X. Recombinant immunotoxin induces tumor intrinsic STING signaling against head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18476. [PMID: 37898690 PMCID: PMC10613212 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45797-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is known to activate type I interferons (IFN-I) and participate in generating antitumor immunity. We previously produced hDT806, a recombinant diphtheria immunotoxin, and demonstrated its efficacy against head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, it's unknown whether the tumor-intrinsic STING plays a role in the anti-HNSCC effects of hDT806. In this study, we investigated the innate immune modulation of hDT806 on HNSCC. hDT806 significantly upregulated the level of STING and the ratio of p-TBK1/TBK1 in the HNSCC cells. Moreover, intratumoral hDT806 treatment increased the expression of STING-IFN-I signaling proteins including IFNA1, IFNB, CXCL10 and MX1, a marker of IFN-I receptor activity, in the HNSCC xenografts. Overexpression of STING mimicked the hDT806-induced upregulation of the STING-IFN-I signaling and induced apoptosis in the HNSCC cells. In the mouse xenograft models of HNSCC with STING overexpression, we observed a significant suppression of tumor growth and reduced tumor weight with increased apoptosis compared to their control xenograft counterparts without STING overexpression. Collectively, our data revealed that hDT806 may act as a stimulator of tumor-intrinsic STING-IFN-I signaling to inhibit tumor growth in HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guiqin Xie
- Department of Oral Pathology, Howard University, 600 W Street NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA.
- Cancer Center, Howard University, 2041 Georgia Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA.
| | - Liang Shan
- Cancer Center, Howard University, 2041 Georgia Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Cuicui Yang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Howard University, 600 W Street NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
- Cancer Center, Howard University, 2041 Georgia Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Yuanyi Liu
- Angimmune LLC, Rockville, MD, 20855, USA
| | - Xiaowu Pang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Howard University, 600 W Street NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Shaolei Teng
- Department of Biology, Howard University, 415 College St. NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Tzyy-Choou Wu
- Pathology, Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Xinbin Gu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Howard University, 600 W Street NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA.
- Cancer Center, Howard University, 2041 Georgia Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kan Y, Paung Y, Kim Y, Seeliger MA, Miller WT. Biochemical Studies of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-Associated Mutations in Nonreceptor Tyrosine Kinases Ack1 and Brk. Biochemistry 2023; 62:1124-1137. [PMID: 36854171 PMCID: PMC10052838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinases (TKs) play essential roles in signaling processes that regulate cell survival, migration, and proliferation. Dysregulation of tyrosine kinases underlies many disorders, including cancer, cardiovascular and developmental diseases, as well as pathologies of the immune system. Ack1 and Brk are nonreceptor tyrosine kinases (NRTKs) best known for their roles in cancer. Here, we have biochemically characterized novel Ack1 and Brk mutations identified in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). These mutations are the first SLE-linked polymorphisms found among NRTKs. We show that two of the mutants are catalytically inactive, while the other three have reduced activity. To understand the structural changes associated with the loss-of-function phenotype, we solved the crystal structure of one of the Ack1 kinase mutants, K161Q. Furthermore, two of the mutated residues (Ack1 A156 and K161) critical for catalytic activity are highly conserved among other TKs, and their substitution in other members of the kinase family could have implications in cancer. In contrast to canonical gain-of-function mutations in TKs observed in many cancers, we report loss-of-function mutations in Ack1 and Brk, highlighting the complexity of TK involvement in human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yagmur Kan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8661, United States
| | - YiTing Paung
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8661, United States
| | - Yunyoung Kim
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8661, United States
| | - Markus A Seeliger
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8661, United States
| | - W Todd Miller
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8661, United States
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, New York 11768, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hoesl C, Zanuttigh E, Fröhlich T, Philippou-Massier J, Krebs S, Blum H, Dahlhoff M. The secretome of skin cancer cells activates the mTOR/MYC pathway in healthy keratinocytes and induces tumorigenic properties. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118717. [PMID: 32283126 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the most prominent tumor of non-melanoma skin cancers and the most aggressive tumor among keratinocyte carcinoma of the skin, showing a high potential for local invasion and metastasis. The cSCC incidences increased dramatically in recent years and the disease occurs more commonly than any other malignancy. The secretome of cancer cells is currently the focus of many studies in order to identify new marker proteins for different types of cancer and to investigate its influence on the tumor microenvironment. In our study we evaluated whether the secretome of cSCC cells has an impact on keratinocytes, the surrounding tissue cells of cSCC. Therefore, we analyzed and compared the secretome of human A431 cancer cells and of HaCaT keratinocytes by mass spectrometry. In a second experiment, keratinocytes were exposed to the secretome of A431 cells and vice versa and the transcriptome was analyzed by next-generation sequencing. HaCaT cells incubated with A431 conditioned medium revealed a significantly activated mammalian target of rapamycin pathway with a concomitant increase in proliferation and migration. In conclusion, our data demonstrate the impact of the secretome of cancer cells on the transcription machinery of the cells surrounding the tumor, leading to a tumorigenic cell fate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Hoesl
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, LMU, München, Germany
| | - Enrica Zanuttigh
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, LMU, München, Germany
| | - Thomas Fröhlich
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis LAFUGA, Gene Center, LMU, München, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Krebs
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis LAFUGA, Gene Center, LMU, München, Germany
| | - Helmut Blum
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis LAFUGA, Gene Center, LMU, München, Germany
| | - Maik Dahlhoff
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, LMU, München, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bhattacharya P, Shetake NG, Pandey BN, Kumar A. Receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in cancer radiotherapy and its targeting for tumor radiosensitization. Int J Radiat Biol 2018; 94:628-644. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1478160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poushali Bhattacharya
- Radiation Signaling and Cancer Biology Section, Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Neena G. Shetake
- Radiation Signaling and Cancer Biology Section, Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Badri N. Pandey
- Radiation Signaling and Cancer Biology Section, Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Radiation Signaling and Cancer Biology Section, Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Klinghammer K, Keller J, George J, Hoffmann J, Chan EL, Hayman MJ. A phosphoarray platform is capable of personalizing kinase inhibitor therapy in head and neck cancers. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:156-164. [PMID: 28906000 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are effective treatments for cancers. Knowing the specific kinase mutants that drive the underlying cancers predict therapeutic response to these inhibitors. Thus, the current protocol for personalized cancer therapy involves genotyping tumors in search of various driver mutations and subsequently individualizing the tyrosine kinase inhibitor to the patients whose tumors express the corresponding driver mutant. While this approach works when known driver mutations are found, its limitation is the dependence on driver mutations as predictors for response. To complement the genotype approach, we hypothesize that a phosphoarray platform is equally capable of personalizing kinase inhibitor therapy. We selected head and neck squamous cell carcinoma as the cancer model to test our hypothesis. Using the receptor tyrosine kinase phosphoarray, we identified the phosphorylation profiles of 49 different tyrosine kinase receptors in five different head and neck cancer cell lines. Based on these results, we tested the cell line response to the corresponding kinase inhibitor therapy. We found that this phosphoarray accurately informed the kinase inhibitor response profile of the cell lines. Next, we determined the phosphorylation profiles of 39 head and neck cancer patient derived xenografts. We found that absent phosphorylated EGFR signal predicted primary resistance to cetuximab treatment in the xenografts without phosphorylated ErbB2. Meanwhile, absent ErbB2 signaling in the xenografts with phosphorylated EGFR is associated with a higher likelihood of response to cetuximab. In summary, the phosphoarray technology has the potential to become a new diagnostic platform for personalized cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Klinghammer
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Charite University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - James Keller
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794
| | - Jonathan George
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794
| | - Jens Hoffmann
- EPO-Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Edward L Chan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794.,Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
| | - Michael J Hayman
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Perisanidis C. Prevalence of EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Domain Mutations in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Cohort Study and Systematic Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 31:23-34. [PMID: 28064216 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) are associated with response and resistance to targeted therapy. The EGFR mutation status in patients with advanced oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OOSCC) was evaluated. A systematic literature review was undertaken to summarize current evidence and estimate the overall prevalence of EGFR TKD mutations in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Genomic DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples of 113 patients with OOSCC. Pyrosequencing was performed to investigate mutations in EGFR exons 18 to 21. Medline databases were searched for relevant studies. Studies reporting mutations in the EGFR TKD in HNSCC were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review. RESULTS No mutations in the EGFR TKD were observed in 113 samples of OOSCC. A total of 53 eligible studies were included in the systematic review. In total, from the review, 117 patients harboring a total of 159 EGFR TKD mutations were reported among 4122 patients with HNSCC. The overall prevalence of EGFR TKD mutations in HNSCC was 2.8%. CONCLUSION Large-scale studies are warranted to provide further evidence regarding the mutation status of EGFR in patients with HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christos Perisanidis
- Department of Cranio-, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Keller J, Nimnual AS, Varghese MS, VanHeyst KA, Hayman MJ, Chan EL. A Novel EGFR Extracellular Domain Mutant, EGFRΔ768, Possesses Distinct Biological and Biochemical Properties in Neuroblastoma. Mol Cancer Res 2016; 14:740-52. [PMID: 27216155 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-15-0477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED EGFR is a popular therapeutic target for many cancers. EGFR inhibitors have been tested in children with refractory neuroblastoma. Interestingly, partial response or stable disease was observed in a few neuroblastoma patients. As EGFR mutations are biomarkers for response to anti-EGFR drugs, primary neuroblastoma tumors and cell lines were screened for mutations. A novel EGFR extracellular domain deletion mutant, EGFRΔ768, was discovered and the biologic and biochemical properties of this mutant were characterized and compared with wild-type and EGFRvIII receptors. EGFRΔ768 was found to be constitutively active and localized to the cell surface. Its expression conferred resistance to etoposide and drove proliferation as well as invasion of cancer cells. While EGFRΔ768 had similarity to EGFRvIII, its biologic and biochemical properties were distinctly different from both the EGFRvIII and wild-type receptors. Even though erlotinib inhibited EGFRΔ768, its effect on the mutant was not as strong as that on wild-type EGFR and EGFRvIII. In addition, downstream signaling of EGFRΔ768 was different from that of the wild-type receptor. In conclusion, this is the first study to demonstrate that neuroblastoma express not only EGFRvIII, but also a novel EGFR extracellular domain deletion mutant, EGFRΔ768. The EGFRΔ768 also possesses distinct biologic and biochemical properties which might have therapeutic implications for neuroblastoma as well as other tumors expressing this novel mutant. IMPLICATIONS Neuroblastoma expressed a novel EGFR mutant which possesses distinct biologic and biochemical properties that might have therapeutic implications. Mol Cancer Res; 14(8); 740-52. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Keller
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Anjaruwee S Nimnual
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Mathew S Varghese
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Kristen A VanHeyst
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Michael J Hayman
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Edward L Chan
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York. Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Meng J, Liu Y, Gao S, Lin S, Gu X, Pomper MG, Wang PC, Shan L. A bivalent recombinant immunotoxin with high potency against tumors with EGFR and EGFRvIII expression. Cancer Biol Ther 2015; 16:1764-74. [PMID: 26467217 PMCID: PMC4847807 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2015.1095403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
EGFR and EGFRvIII are overexpressed in various types of cancer, serving as optimal targets for cancer therapy. Capitalizing on the high specificity of humanized antibody 806 (mAb806) to the EGFR and EGFRvIII overexpressed in cancer, we designed and generated a bivalent recombinant immunotoxin (RIT, DT390-BiscFv806) by fusing the mAb806-derived bivalent single-chain variable fragment with a diphtheria toxin fragment, DT390. In vitro, DT390-BiscFv806 efficiently internalized into the cells and exhibited high cytotoxicity against the U87 glioblastoma cells and the EGFRvIII-transfected U87 (U87-EGFRvIII) cells with a half maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) of 1.47 nM and 2.26 × 10(-4) nM, respectively. Notably, DT390-BiscFv806 was 4 orders of magnitude more potent against the U87-EGFRvIII cells than against the parent U87 cells. The cytotoxicity against a group of 6 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines were further analyzed, showing an IC50 ranging from 0.24 nM to 156 nM, depending on the expression level of EGFR/EGFRvIII. In animals, the U87-EGFRvIII tumor xenografts grew extremely faster than the parental U87, and systemic administration of DT390-BiscFv806 significantly inhibited the growth of established U87-EGFRvIII and U87 tumor xenografts, showing a growth inhibition rate of 76.3% (59.82-96.2%) and 59.4% (31.5-76.0%), respectively. In pathology, the RIT-treated tumors exhibited a low mitotic activity and a large number of degenerative tumor cells, compared with the control tumors. The results indicate that DT390-BiscFv806 is promising for treatment of various types of cancer, especially for those with high EGFR expression or with EGFR and EGFRvIII co-expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Meng
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory; Department of Radiology; Howard University; Washington, DC USA
| | | | | | - Stephen Lin
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory; Department of Radiology; Howard University; Washington, DC USA
| | - Xinbin Gu
- College of Dentistry; Howard University; Washington, DC USA
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Department of Radiology; Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Paul C Wang
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory; Department of Radiology; Howard University; Washington, DC USA
- Department of Physics; Fu Jen Catholic University; New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Liang Shan
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory; Department of Radiology; Howard University; Washington, DC USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang DS, Lai HC, Huang JM. Epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in Chinese patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Acta Otolaryngol 2014; 134:631-5. [PMID: 24646139 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2013.879741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONCLUSION The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation is rare in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) in China. OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of EGFR mutations in patients with LSCC who underwent surgical resection in mainland China. METHODS xTAG technology was used to detect the EGFR exon 19, exon 20, and exon 21 mutations in 132 patients with LSCC who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from 2010 to 2013. RESULTS Of the 132 LSCC specimens examined, only 1 specimen was found to be positive for EGFR exon 20 mutation (0.76%). The mutation was p.T790M in exon 20. Two LSCC specimens were positive for EGFR exon 21 mutation (1.52%). The mutation was p.L858R in exon 21. None of the samples was found to be positive for EGFR exon 19 mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- De-Sheng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University , Fujian, Fuzhou , China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chang KY, Tsai SY, Chen SH, Tsou HH, Yen CJ, Liu KJ, Fang HL, Wu HC, Chuang BF, Chou SW, Tang CK, Liu SY, Lu PJ, Yen CY, Chang JY. Dissecting the EGFR-PI3K-AKT pathway in oral cancer highlights the role of the EGFR variant III and its clinical relevance. J Biomed Sci 2013; 20:43. [PMID: 23806066 PMCID: PMC3710269 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-20-43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dysregulated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT signaling is considered pivotal for oral cancer, and the pathway is a potential candidate for therapeutic targeting. Results A total of 108 archival samples which were from surgically resected oral cancer were examined. Immunohistochemical staining showed the protein expression of membranous wild-type EGFR and cytoplasmic phosphorylated AKT was detected in 63.9% and 86.9% of the specimens, respectively. In 49.1% of the samples, no phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression was detected. With regard to the EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII), 75.0% of the samples showed positive expression for moderate to severe staining, 31.5% of which had high expression levels. Real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for gene copy number assessment of PIK3CA revealed that 24.8% of the samples had alterations, and of EGFR showed that 49.0% had amplification. Direct sequencing of PIK3CA gene showed 2.3% of the samples had a hotspot point mutation. Statistical assessment showed the expression of the EGFRvIII correlated with the T classification and TNM stage. The Kaplan-Meier analyses for patient survival showed that the individual status of phosphorylated AKT and EGFRvIII led to significant differences in survival outcome. The multivariate analysis indicated that phosphorylated AKT, EGFRvIII expression and disease stage were patient survival determinants. Conclusions Aberrations in the EGFR-PI3K-AKT pathway were frequently found in oral cancers. EGFRvIII and phosphorylated AKT were predictors for the patient survival and clinical outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Yu Chang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 7th Floor, No.35 Xiaodong Rd., Tainan City 701, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ron tyrosine kinase receptor synergises with EGFR to confer adverse features in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:482-92. [PMID: 23799848 PMCID: PMC3721396 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although EGFR inhibitors have shown some success in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), the results are not dramatic. Additional molecular targets are urgently needed. We previously showed that the loss of Ron receptor activity significantly slowed squamous tumour growth and progression in a murine model. Based on these data, we hypothesised that Ron expression confers an aggressive phenotype in HNSCCs. Methods: We prospectively collected and evaluated 154 snap-frozen, primary HNSCCs for Ron and EGFR expression/phosphorylation. Biomarker correlation with clinical, pathological and outcome data was performed. The biological responses of HNSCC cell lines to Ron knockdown, its activation and the biochemical interaction between Ron and EGFR were examined. Results: We discovered that 64.3% (99 out of 154) HNSCCs expressed Ron. The carcinomas expressed exclusively mature functional Ron, whereas the adjacent nonmalignant epithelium expressed predominantly nonfunctional Ron precursor. There was no significant association between Ron and sex, tumour differentiation, perineural/vascular invasion or staging. However, patients with Ron+HNSCC were significantly older and more likely to have oropharyngeal tumours. Ron+HNSCC also had significantly higher EGFR expression and correlated strongly with phosphorylated EGFR (pEGFR). Newly diagnosed HNSCC with either Ron/pEGFR or both had lower disease-free survival than those without Ron and pEGFR. Knocking down Ron in SCC9 cells significantly blunted their migratory response to not only the Ron ligand, MSP, but also EGF. Stimulation of Ron in SCC9 cells significantly augmented the growth effect of EGF; the synergistic effect of both growth factors in SCC9 cells was dependent on Ron expression. Activated Ron also interacted with and transactivated EGFR. Conclusion: Ron synergises with EGFR to confer certain adverse features in HNSCCs.
Collapse
|
12
|
Monteiro L, Ricardo S, Delgado M, Garcez F, do Amaral B, Lopes C. Phosphorylated EGFR at tyrosine 1173 correlates with poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinomas. Oral Dis 2013; 20:178-85. [PMID: 23464360 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and phosphorylated EGFR (pEGFR), in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). We examined their utility as prognostic markers by relating to clinicopathological characteristics and the clinical outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analysed 74 primary OSCC and examined immunohistochemical expression of EGFR and pEGFR (phosphorylated at tyrosine 1173) using tissue microarray technology. Their role in survival was assessed by Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression models. RESULTS Epidermal growth factor receptor expression was observed in all cases, and pEGFR expression was observed in 41.1% of the cases. We found a significant correlation between EGFR and pEGFR expression (P = 0.003). In the multivariable analysis for cause-specific survival, we found an independent prognostic value for pEGFR expression (HR 7.94, 95% CI 2.03-31.06, P = 0.003) and for clinical stage (HR 2.88, 95% CI 1.10-7.53, P = 0.031). For recurrence-free survival, clinical stage (HR 6.59, 95% CI 1.36-31.90, P = 0.019) and tumour grade (HR 3.35, 95% CI 1.07-10.44, P = 0.037) presented independent prognostic value. CONCLUSION Epidermal growth factor receptor is highly expressed in OSCC and is phosphorylated in more than one-third of the cases. The independent value of pEGFR expression in cause-specific survival of OSCC suggests that this marker may serve as reliable biological marker to identify high-risk subgroups and to guide therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ls Monteiro
- Medicine and Oral Surgery Department, Dental Sciences Group - Health Sciences Research Centre, Higher Institute of Health Sciences (ISCSN), CESPU, Paredes, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li W, Chen L, Li X, Jia X, Feng C, Zhang L, He W, Lv J, He Y, Li W, Qu X, Zhou Y, Shi Y. Cancer-related marketing centrality motifs acting as pivot units in the human signaling network and mediating cross-talk between biological pathways. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2013; 9:3026-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c3mb70289h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
14
|
At the crossroads: EGFR and PTHrP signaling in cancer-mediated diseases of bone. Odontology 2012; 100:109-29. [PMID: 22684584 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-012-0070-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor is a well-established cancer therapeutic target due to its stimulation of proliferation, motility, and resistance to apoptosis. Recently, additional roles for the receptor have been identified in growth of metastases. Similar to development, metastatic spread requires signaling interactions between epithelial-derived tumor cells and mesenchymal derivatives of the microenvironment. This necessitates reactivation of developmental signaling molecules, including the hypercalcemia factor parathyroid hormone-related protein. This review covers the variations of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling in cancers that produce bone metastases, regulation of parathyroid hormone-related protein, and evidence that the two molecules drive cancer-mediated diseases of bone.
Collapse
|
15
|
Wheeler S, Siwak DR, Chai R, LaValle C, Seethala RR, Wang L, Cieply K, Sherer C, Joy C, Mills GB, Argiris A, Siegfried JM, Grandis JR, Egloff AM. Tumor epidermal growth factor receptor and EGFR PY1068 are independent prognostic indicators for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:2278-89. [PMID: 22351687 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-1593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the prognostic value of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) molecular characteristics of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS HNSCC tumors from patients prospectively enrolled in either an Early Detection Research Network (EDRN) study and treated with surgery without an EGFR-targeted agent (N = 154) or enrolled in a chemoradiation trial involving the EGFR-targeted antibody cetuximab (N = 39) were evaluated for EGFR gene amplification by FISH and EGFR protein by immunohistochemical staining. Fresh-frozen tumors (EDRN) were also evaluated for EGFR protein and site-specific phosphorylation at Y992 and Y1068 using reverse-phase protein array (n = 67). Tumor (n = 50) EGFR and EGFRvIII mRNA levels were quantified using real-time PCR. RESULTS EGFR expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) was significantly higher in the EDRN tumors with EGFR gene amplification (P < 0.001), and a similar trend was noted in the cetuximab-treated cohort. In the EDRN and cetuximab-treated cohorts elevated EGFR by IHC was associated with reduced survival (P = 0.019 and P = 0.06, respectively). Elevated expression of total EGFR and EGFR PY1068 were independently significantly associated with reduced progression-free survival in the EDRN cohort [HR = 2.75; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.26-6.00 and HR = 3.29; 95% CI = 1.34-8.14, respectively]. CONCLUSIONS In two independent HNSCC cohorts treated with or without cetuximab, tumor EGFR levels were indicative of survival. Tumor EGFR PY1068 levels provided prognostic information independent of total EGFR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Wheeler
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|