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Yu Y, Li K, Peng Y, Wu W, Chen F, Shao Z, Zhang Z. Animal models of cancer metastasis to the bone. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1165380. [PMID: 37091152 PMCID: PMC10113496 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1165380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is a major cause of mortality from several tumors, including those of the breast, prostate, and the thyroid gland. Since bone tissue is one of the most common sites of metastasis, the treatment of bone metastases is crucial for the cure of cancer. Hence, disease models must be developed to understand the process of bone metastasis in order to devise therapies for it. Several translational models of different bone metastatic tumors have been developed, including animal models, cell line injection models, bone implant models, and patient-derived xenograft models. However, a compendium on different bone metastatic cancers is currently not available. Here, we have compiled several animal models derived from current experiments on bone metastasis, mostly involving breast and prostate cancer, to improve the development of preclinical models and promote the treatment of bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kanglu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yizhong Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fengxia Chen
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Fengxia Chen, ; Zengwu Shao, ; Zhicai Zhang,
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Fengxia Chen, ; Zengwu Shao, ; Zhicai Zhang,
| | - Zhicai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Fengxia Chen, ; Zengwu Shao, ; Zhicai Zhang,
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Horas K, van Herck U, Maier GS, Maus U, Harrasser N, Jakob F, Weissenberger M, Arnholdt J, Holzapfel BM, Rudert M. Does vitamin D deficiency predict tumour malignancy in patients with bone tumours? Data from a multi-center cohort analysis. J Bone Oncol 2020; 25:100329. [PMID: 33294316 PMCID: PMC7695905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2020.100329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is common in patients with bone tumours. Potential association between pre-diagnostic vitamin D status and tumour malignancy in patients with bone tumours. 25(OH)D status should routinely be assessed and monitored in patients with bone tumours.
Vitamin D deficiency is a global health concern that is estimated to afflict over one billion people globally. The major role of vitamin D is that of a regulator of calcium and phosphate metabolism, thus, being essential for proper bone mineralisation. Concomitantly, vitamin D is known to exert numerous extra-skeletal actions. For example, it has become evident that vitamin D has direct anti-proliferative, pro-differentiation and pro-apoptotic actions on cancer cells. Hence, vitamin D deficiency has been associated with increased cancer risk and worse prognosis in several malignancies. We have recently demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency promotes secondary cancer growth in bone. These findings were partly attributable to an increase in bone remodelling but also through direct effects of vitamin D on cancer cells. To date, very little is known about vitamin D status of patients with bone tumours in general. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess vitamin D status of patients with diverse bone tumours. Moreover, the aim was to elucidate whether or not there is an association between pre-diagnostic vitamin D status and tumour malignancy in patients with bone tumours. In a multi-center analysis, 25(OH)D, PTH and calcium levels of 225 patients that presented with various bone tumours between 2017 and 2018 were assessed. Collectively, 76% of all patients had insufficient vitamin D levels with a total mean 25(OH)D level of 21.43 ng/ml (53.58 nmol/L). In particular, 52% (117/225) of patients were identified as vitamin D deficient and further 24% of patients (55/225) were vitamin D insufficient. Notably, patients diagnosed with malignant bone tumours had significantly lower 25(OH)D levels than patients diagnosed with benign bone tumours [19.3 vs. 22.75 ng/ml (48.25 vs. 56.86 nmol/L); p = 0.04). In conclusion, we found a widespread and distressing rate of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in patients with bone tumours. However, especially for patients with bone tumours sufficient vitamin D levels seem to be of great importance. Thus, we believe that 25(OH)D status should routinely be monitored in these patients. Collectively, there should be an increased awareness for physicians to assess and if necessary correct vitamin D status of patients with bone tumours in general or of those at great risk of developing bone tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Horas
- Department of Orthopaedics, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, University of Wuerzburg, Germany.,Bernhard-Heine Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike van Herck
- Bernhard-Heine Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Gerrit S Maier
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pius-Hospital, Carl-von-Ossietzky-University, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Maus
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pius-Hospital, Carl-von-Ossietzky-University, Oldenburg, Germany.,Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Norbert Harrasser
- Department of Orthopaedics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU, Munich, Germany.,Excellent Center of Medicine (ECOM), Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Jakob
- Bernhard-Heine Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Manuel Weissenberger
- Department of Orthopaedics, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, University of Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Arnholdt
- Department of Orthopaedics, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, University of Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Boris M Holzapfel
- Department of Orthopaedics, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, University of Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Rudert
- Department of Orthopaedics, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, University of Wuerzburg, Germany
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Horas K, Zheng Y, Fong-Yee C, Macfarlane E, Manibo J, Chen Y, Qiao J, Gao M, Haydar N, McDonald MM, Croucher PI, Zhou H, Seibel MJ. Loss of the Vitamin D Receptor in Human Breast Cancer Cells Promotes Epithelial to Mesenchymal Cell Transition and Skeletal Colonization. J Bone Miner Res 2019; 34:1721-1732. [PMID: 30995345 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is thought to be associated with neoplastic progression. However, the role of the VDR in breast cancer metastasis to bone and the molecular mechanisms underlying this process are unknown. Employing a rodent model (female Balb/c nu/nu mice) of systemic metastasis, we here demonstrate that knockdown of the VDR strongly increases the metastatic potential of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells to bone, resulting in significantly greater skeletal tumor burden. Ablation of VDR expression promotes cancer cell mobility (migration) and invasiveness, thereby facilitating skeletal colonization. Mechanistically, these changes in tumor cell behavior are attributable to shifts in the expression of proteins involved in cell adhesion, proliferation, and cytoskeletal organization, patterns characteristic for epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition (EMT). In keeping with these experimental findings, analyses of human breast cancer specimens corroborated the association between VDR expression, EMT-typical changes in protein expression patterns, and clinical prognosis. Loss of the VDR in human breast cancer cells marks a critical point in oncogenesis by inducing EMT, promoting the dissemination of cancer cells, and facilitating the formation of tumor colonies in bone. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Horas
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute and Concord Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yu Zheng
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute and Concord Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Colette Fong-Yee
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute and Concord Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Eugenie Macfarlane
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute and Concord Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jeline Manibo
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute and Concord Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yunzhao Chen
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute and Concord Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jeremy Qiao
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute and Concord Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mingxuan Gao
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute and Concord Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nancy Haydar
- Division of Bone Biology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michelle M McDonald
- Division of Bone Biology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter I Croucher
- Division of Bone Biology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hong Zhou
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute and Concord Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Markus J Seibel
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute and Concord Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Carvalho MR, Reis RL, Oliveira JM. Mimicking the 3D biology of osteochondral tissue with microfluidic-based solutions: breakthroughs towards boosting drug testing and discovery. Drug Discov Today 2018; 23:711-718. [PMID: 29337200 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The development of tissue-engineering (TE) solutions for osteochondral (OC) regeneration has been slowed by technical hurdles related to the recapitulation of their complex and hierarchical architecture. OC defects refer to damage of both the articular cartilage and the underlying subchondral bone. To repair an OC tissue defect, the complexity of the bone and cartilage must be considered. To help achieve this, microfluidics is converging with TE approaches to provide new treatment possibilities. Microfluidics uses precise micrometer-to-millimeter-scale fluid flows to achieve high-resolution and spatial and/or temporal control of the cell microenvironment, providing powerful tools for cell culturing. Herein, we overview the progress of microfluidics for developing 3D in vitro models of OC tissue, with a focus on cancer bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana R Carvalho
- 3Bs Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Portugal; ICVS/3Bs - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui Luís Reis
- 3Bs Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Portugal; ICVS/3Bs - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Miguel Oliveira
- 3Bs Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Portugal; ICVS/3Bs - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
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1,25(OH) 2D 3 deficiency increases TM40D tumor growth in bone and accelerates tumor-induced bone destruction in a breast cancer bone metastasis model. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1033-1039. [PMID: 28922720 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies and bone is the commonest site of distant metastases. Evidences indicate that adequate supply of vitamin D will decrease the morbidity and mortality of breast cancer. However, the main role of vitamin D deficiency in breast cancer bone metastases remains unclear. In this study, the relationship between vitamin D and breast cancer bone metastases were evaluated. Results showed that 1,25(OH)2D3 can not only inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cell TM40D in vitro, but also attenuate the breast cancer cell TM40D-induced bone destruction in vivo, whose underlying mechanism was at least partially through decreasing the number of the osteoclasts. To our knowledge, this is the first to use 1-alpha-hydroxylase [1α(OH)ase] knockout mice which characterized vitamin D deficiency to establish the breast cancer bone metastases model. Based on this model, we also found that vitamin D deficiency will accelerate the osteolytic lesions, and 1,25(OH)2D3 supplement will restrain osteolytic lesions. Therefore, these findings suggest that vitamin D has the potential capacity to be a therapeutic agent for the breast cancer bone metastases.
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Salamanna F, Borsari V, Brogini S, Torricelli P, Cepollaro S, Cadossi M, Fini M. A Human 3D In Vitro Model to Assess the Relationship Between Osteoporosis and Dissemination to Bone of Breast Cancer Tumor Cells. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:1826-1834. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Salamanna
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies; Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute; Bologna Italy
| | - Veronica Borsari
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies; Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute; Bologna Italy
| | - Silvia Brogini
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies; Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute; Bologna Italy
| | - Paola Torricelli
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies; Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute; Bologna Italy
| | - Simona Cepollaro
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies; Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute; Bologna Italy
| | - Matteo Cadossi
- I Orthopedics and Trauma Clinic; Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute; Bologna Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies; Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute; Bologna Italy
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In Vitro Co-Culture Models of Breast Cancer Metastatic Progression towards Bone. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17091405. [PMID: 27571063 PMCID: PMC5037685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced breast cancer frequently metastasizes to bone through a multistep process involving the detachment of cells from the primary tumor, their intravasation into the bloodstream, adhesion to the endothelium and extravasation into the bone, culminating with the establishment of a vicious cycle causing extensive bone lysis. In recent years, the crosstalk between tumor cells and secondary organs microenvironment is gaining much attention, being indicated as a crucial aspect in all metastatic steps. To investigate the complex interrelation between the tumor and the microenvironment, both in vitro and in vivo models have been exploited. In vitro models have some advantages over in vivo, mainly the possibility to thoroughly dissect in controlled conditions and with only human cells the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the metastatic progression. In this article we will review the main results deriving from in vitro co-culture models, describing mechanisms activated in the crosstalk between breast cancer and bone cells which drive the different metastatic steps.
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Salamanna F, Contartese D, Maglio M, Fini M. A systematic review on in vitro 3D bone metastases models: A new horizon to recapitulate the native clinical scenario? Oncotarget 2016; 7:44803-44820. [PMID: 27027241 PMCID: PMC5190136 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Salamanna
- Laboratory of Biocompatibility, Technological Innovation and Advanced Therapy, Rizzoli RIT, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Deyanira Contartese
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Melania Maglio
- Laboratory of Biocompatibility, Technological Innovation and Advanced Therapy, Rizzoli RIT, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- Laboratory of Biocompatibility, Technological Innovation and Advanced Therapy, Rizzoli RIT, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
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