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Dendritic Cells Transfected with MHC Antigenic Determinants of CBA Mice Induce Antigen-Specific Tolerance in C57Bl/6 Mice. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:9686143. [PMID: 32953894 PMCID: PMC7487104 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9686143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nonspecific immunosuppressive therapy for graft rejection and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is often accompanied by severe side effects such as opportunistic infections and cancers. Several approaches have been developed to suppress transplantation reactions using tolerogenic cells, including induction of FoxP3+ Tregs with antigen-loaded dendritic cells (DCs) and induction of CD4+IL-10+ cells with interleukin IL-10-producing DCs. Here, we assessed the effectiveness of both approaches in the suppression of graft rejection and GVHD. Methods IL-10-producing DCs were generated by the transfection of DCs with DNA constructs encoding mouse IL-10. Antigen-loaded DCs from C57BL/6 mice were generated by transfection with DNA constructs encoding antigenic determinants from the H2 locus of CBA mice which differ from the homologous antigenic determinants of C57BL/6 mice. Results We found that both IL-10-producing DCs and antigen-loaded immature DCs could suppress graft rejection and GVHD but through distinct nonspecific and antigen-specific mechanisms, respectively. Discussion. We provide data that the novel approach for DCs antigen loading using DNA constructs encoding distinct homologous determinants derived from major histocompatibility complex genes is effective in antigen-specific suppression of transplantation reactions. Such an approach eliminates the necessity of donor material use and may be useful in immunosuppressive therapy side effects prevention.
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2
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Yang P, Cao X, Cai H, Chen X, Zhu Y, Yang Y, An W, Jie J. Upregulation of microRNA-155 Enhanced Migration and Function of Dendritic Cells in Three-dimensional Breast Cancer Microenvironment. Immunol Invest 2020; 50:1058-1071. [PMID: 32757734 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1801721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background: Dendritic cells (DCs) play an essential role in the induction and regulation of immune responses, including the activation of effector T lymphocytes for the eradication of cancers. However, the tumor microenvironment (TME) often leads to DCs dysfunction due to their immature state. MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) has emerged as a typical multifunctional gene regulator associated with immune system development and immune cell activation and differentiation.Methods: In this study, a three-dimensional TME model that closely mimics the microenvironment of breast cancer was prepared. MiR-155 overexpression and control vectors were constructed using lentivirus. The relative expression of miR-155 was determined by qRT-PCR. Cell viability, antigen uptake and cell surface marker expression were analyzed by live-dead staining and flow cytometry. The migration ability of bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) was qualified by transwell assay. A mixed lymphocyte culture assay was used to assess T cell-specific proliferation. Cytokine levels were determined by ELISA.Results: We found that the expression of miR-155 in DCs was inhibited by the TME. Furthermore, upregulation of miR-155 enhanced the migration ability, uptake of antigen and elevated the expression of the mature DCs markers CD80 and MHCII. More importantly, overexpression of miR-155 in DCs significantly induced T cell proliferation and IFN-γ and IL-2 secretion.Conclusion: MiR-155 is a potential molecular regulator that may improve the efficacy of DCs-based tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xingjian Cao
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, the First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Huilong Cai
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, the First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Yihua Zhu
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, the First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weiwei An
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Jie
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, the First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
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Thomas AM, Dong Y, Beskid NM, García AJ, Adams AB, Babensee JE. Brief exposure to hyperglycemia activates dendritic cells in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:5120-5129. [PMID: 31674663 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells are key players in regulating immunity. These cells both activate and inhibit the immune response depending on their cellular environment. Their response to hyperglycemia, a condition common amongst diabetics wherein glucose is abnormally elevated, remains to be elucidated. In this study, the phenotype and immune response of dendritic cells exposed to hyperglycemia were characterized in vitro and in vivo using the streptozotocin-induced diabetes model. Dendritic cells were shown to be sensitive to hyperglycemia both during and after differentiation from bone marrow precursor cells. Dendritic cell behavior under hyperglycemic conditions was found to vary by phenotype, among which, tolerogenic dendritic cells were particularly sensitive. Expression of the costimulatory molecule CD86 was found to reliably increase when dendritic cells were exposed to hyperglycemia. Additionally, hydrogel-based delivery of the anti-inflammatory molecule interleukin-10 was shown to partially inhibit these effects in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline M Thomas
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ying Dong
- Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Nicholas M Beskid
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Andrés J García
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Andrew B Adams
- Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Julia E Babensee
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
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Checkpoint blockade and nanosonosensitizer-augmented noninvasive sonodynamic therapy combination reduces tumour growth and metastases in mice. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2025. [PMID: 31048681 PMCID: PMC6497709 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09760-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 337] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Combined checkpoint blockade (e.g., PD1/PD-L1) with traditional clinical therapies can be hampered by side effects and low tumour-therapeutic outcome, hindering broad clinical translation. Here we report a combined tumour-therapeutic modality based on integrating nanosonosensitizers-augmented noninvasive sonodynamic therapy (SDT) with checkpoint-blockade immunotherapy. All components of the nanosonosensitizers (HMME/R837@Lip) are clinically approved, wherein liposomes act as carriers to co-encapsulate sonosensitizers (hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME)) and immune adjuvant (imiquimod (R837)). Using multiple tumour models, we demonstrate that combining nanosonosensitizers-augmented SDT with anti-PD-L1 induces an anti-tumour response, which not only arrests primary tumour progression, but also prevents lung metastasis. Furthermore, the combined treatment strategy offers a long-term immunological memory function, which can protect against tumour rechallenge after elimination of the initial tumours. Therefore, this work represents a proof-of-concept combinatorial tumour therapeutics based on noninvasive tumours-therapeutic modality with immunotherapy. Immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer can be complicated by side effects and poor efficacy. Here, the authors use a nanoparticle-based approach in combination with a TLR7 agonist and sonodynamic therapy, and find that when used together with anti-PD-L1, tumour formation and metastases are impacted.
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Chen R, Ma H, Zhang L, Bryers JD. Precision-porous templated scaffolds of varying pore size drive dendritic cell activation. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018; 115:1086-1095. [PMID: 29280498 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Scaffold based systems have shown significant potential in modulating immune responses in vivo. While there has been much attention on macrophage interactions with tissue engineered scaffolds for tissue regeneration, fewer studies have looked at the effects of scaffold design on the response of immune cells-that is, dendritic cells (DCs). Here, we present the effects of varying pore size of poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) and poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS, silicone) scaffolds on the maturation and in vivo enrichment of DCs. We employ a precision templating method to make 3-D porous polymer scaffolds with uniformly defined and adjustable architecture. Hydrophilic pHEMA and hydrophobic PDMS scaffolds were fabricated in three pore sizes (20, 40, 90 μm) to quantify scaffold pore size effects on DCs activation/maturation in vitro and in vivo. In vitro results showed that both pHEMA and PDMS scaffolds could promote maturation in the DC cell line, JAWSII, that resembled lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated/matured DCs (mDCs). Scaffolds with smaller pore sizes correlate with higher DC maturation, regardless of the polymer used. In vivo, when implanted subcutaneously in C57BL/6J mice, scaffolds with smaller pore sizes also demonstrated more DCs recruitment and more sustained activation. Without the use of DC chemo-attractants or chemical adjuvants, our results suggested that DC maturation and scaffold infiltration profile can be modulated by simply altering the pore size of the scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruying Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Hongyan Ma
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - James D Bryers
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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Pan P, W Skaer C, Wang HT, Oshima K, Huang YW, Yu J, Zhang J, M Yearsley M, A Agle K, R Drobyski W, Chen X, Wang LS. Loss of free fatty acid receptor 2 enhances colonic adenoma development and reduces the chemopreventive effects of black raspberries in ApcMin/+ mice. Carcinogenesis 2016; 38:86-93. [PMID: 27866157 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgw122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that black raspberries (BRBs) have beneficial effects in human colorectal cancer and a mouse model of colorectal cancer (ApcMin/+). The current study investigated the role of free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) in colon carcinogenesis and whether the FFAR2 signaling pathway contributes to BRB-mediated chemoprevention in mice. FFAR2 (also named GPR43) is a member of the G-protein-coupled receptor family that is expressed in leukocytes and colon. ApcMin/+ and ApcMin/+-FFAR2-/- mice were given a control diet or the control diet supplemented with 5% BRBs for 8 weeks. FFAR2 deficiency promoted colonic polyp development, with 100% incidence and increased polyp number and size. The ApcMin/+ mice developed colonic tubular adenoma, whereas the ApcMin/+-FFAR2-/- mice developed colonic tubular adenoma with high-grade dysplasia. FFAR2 deficiency also enhanced the cAMP-PKA-CREB-HDAC pathway, downstream of FFAR2 signaling, and increased activation of the Wnt pathway, and raised the percentage of GR-1+ neutrophils in colonic lamina propria (LP) and increased infiltration of GR-1+ neutrophils into colonic polyps. BRBs suppressed colonic polyp development and inhibited the cAMP-PKA-CREB-HDAC and Wnt pathways in the ApcMin/+ mice but not the ApcMin/+-FFAR2-/- mice. They also increased the percentage of GR-1+ neutrophils and cytokine secretion in colonic LP and decreased the infiltration of GR-1+ neutrophils and IL-1β expression in colon polyps of ApcMin/+ mice but not ApcMin/+-FFAR2-/- mice. These results suggest that loss of FFAR2 drives colon tumorigenesis and that BRBs require functional FFAR2 to be chemopreventive. BRBs have the potential to modulate the host immune system, thereby enhancing the antitumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Pan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Yi-Wen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine
| | | | - Martha M Yearsley
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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A Flow-Through Cell Electroporation Device for Rapidly and Efficiently Transfecting Massive Amounts of Cells in vitro and ex vivo. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18469. [PMID: 26728941 PMCID: PMC4700452 DOI: 10.1038/srep18469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous cell electroporation is an appealing non-viral approach for genetically transfecting a large number of cells. Yet the traditional macro-scale devices suffer from the unsatisfactory transfection efficiency and/or cell viability due to their high voltage, while the emerging microfluidic electroporation devices is still limited by their low cell processing speed. Here we present a flow-through cell electroporation device integrating large-sized flow tube and small-spaced distributed needle electrode array. Relatively large flow tube enables high flow rate, simple flow characterization and low shear force, while well-organized needle array electrodes produce an even-distributed electric field with low voltage. Thus the difficulties for seeking the fine balance between high flow rate and low electroporation voltage were steered clear. Efficient in vitro electrotransfection of plasmid DNA was demonstrated in several hard-to-transfect cell lines. Furthermore, we also explored ex vivo electroporated mouse erythrocyte as the carrier of RNA. The strong ability of RNA loading and short exposure time of freshly isolated cells jointly ensured a high yield of valid carrier erythrocytes, which further successfully delivered RNA into targeted tissue. Both in vitro and ex vivo electrotransfection could be accomplished at high cell processing speed (20 million cells per minute) which remarkably outperforms previous devices.
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8
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Rittenhouse-Olson K. Letter from the Editor. Immunol Invest 2015; 44:713-8. [PMID: 26575460 DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2015.1099411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Son CH, Bae JH, Shin DY, Lee HR, Yang K, Park YS. Antitumor effect of dendritic cell loaded ex vivo and in vivo with tumor-associated antigens in lung cancer model. Immunol Invest 2014; 43:447-62. [PMID: 24654594 DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2014.884576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Various ex vivo or in vivo loading protocols have been developed or evaluated for the delivery of tumor antigens to dendritic cells (DCs). We compared the antitumor effect of mature DCs electroporation-pulsed (EP/mDC) ex vivo with tumor cell lysate and immature DCs (iDCs) injected into the tumor apoptosed by ionizing radiation (IR/iDC) in lung cancer model. DCs were generated from bone marrow of C57BL/6 mice. Ionizing radiation (IR) was applied at a dose of 10 Gy to the tumor on the right thigh. iDCs were intratumorally injected into the irradiated tumor and EP/mDC was injected subcutaneously in the right flank. DC injection induced strong tumor-specific immunity against Lewis lung carcinoma, as compared with the tumor-bearing control and IR only treated mice. The growth of a distant tumor on the right and left flank was inhibited by IR/iDC and EP/mDC. Particularly, IR/iDC resulted in a more significant inhibition of tumor growth and prolonged survival time. It was related to increase of tumor-specific interferon-gamma, cytotoxicity, and decrease of regulatory T-cells. The results indicate that DCs electroporation-pulsed with tumor cell lysate induce a potent antitumor effect, but that iDCs intratumoral injected into the irradiated tumor induce a more potent antitumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol-Hun Son
- Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences , Busan 619-953 , South Korea
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Song SS, Yuan PF, Chen JY, Fu JJ, Wu HX, Lu JT, Wei W. TGF-β favors bone marrow-derived dendritic cells to acquire tolerogenic properties. Immunol Invest 2014; 43:360-9. [PMID: 24484319 DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2013.879172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most powerful antigen-presenting cells that have an important role in the immunity and immune tolerance. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a pleiotropic cytokine widely expressing in various tissues and cells, which regulates cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of several immune cells and is considered to be a key factor in inducing immune tolerance. The effect of TGF-β on DCs is very complex. In this study, we further investigated the effect of TGF-β on inducing immune tolerance of DCs. DCs were differentiated from mice bone marrow cells in the absence or presence of TGF-β. The phenotype as well as function was studied in detail. We found that TGF-β limited the expression of CD40, CD83, CD86 and MHCII in DCs, increased CD45RB and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression in DCs, promoted IL-10 and limited IL-12 secretion by DCs. Moreover, TGF-β increased the endocytosis ability of DCs and limited the ability of DCs in activating T cells. These results suggest that TGF-β affects the immunity of DCs and enhances their tolerogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha-Sha Song
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Antiinflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education , Hefei 230032 , China
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de Azevedo MTA, Saad STO, Gilli SCO. IL4 and IFNalpha generation of dendritic cells reveals great migratory potential and NFkB and cJun expression in IL4DCs. Immunol Invest 2013; 42:711-25. [PMID: 23845179 DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2013.809580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) recently revealed as a potent tumor vaccine component, are commonly differentiated from monocytes by cultivation with IL-4 and GM-CSF. Despite the different opinions, the use of IFNalpha can promote DCs differentiation and activation. The aim of this study was to compare the functionality and phenotypic characterization of monocyte-derived DC generated by IL-4 (IL4DC) and IFNalpha (IFNalphaDC) modified protocols. To this aim, we investigated the expression of maturation markers, co-stimulatory molecules, relevant miRNA, cytokine and migratory profiles and the functional ability of these cells to stimulate autologous T cells in vitro. We herein investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the parameters previously described, as the relative expression of NF-kB p65, c-fos and c-jun, transcription factors. Our results demonstrated that IL4DC presented a stable phenotype, an increase in migratory capacity and NF-KB activation, in addition to lower levels of miR-146 a and miR-221. We believe that the IL4DC migratory potential and increase in NFkBp65 expression may be involved in higher IL12 expression and migration, suggesting a preferential activation of TH1 immune responses by IL4DC.
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