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Neves EGA, Koh CC, Lucinda PPD, Souza-Silva TG, Medeiros NI, Pantaleão A, Mutarelli A, Gomes JDAS, Silva SDA, Gollob KJ, Nunes MDCP, Dutra WO. Blocking activation of CD4 -CD8 - T cells modulates their cytotoxic potential and decreases the expression of inflammatory and chemotactic receptors. Clin Immunol 2023; 251:109331. [PMID: 37088297 PMCID: PMC10257888 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
CD4-CD8- (double negative - DN) T cells represent a small fraction of circulating T lymphocytes but are a major source of pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with infectious diseases, including chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC), one of the deadliest cardiopathies known. Chagas disease is caused by an infection with the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and can lead to either an asymptomatic form or a high-mortality cardiac disease. While circulating DN T cells represent a major inflammatory cytokine-expressing cell population in Chagas disease, their potential to be recruited to the heart and to perform cytotoxicity has not been determined. Our previous studies showed that blocking DN T cell activation decreases the expression of IFN-gamma, a cytokine involved in the severity of CCC. Here, studying a well-characterized cohort of Chagas patients with CCC or the asymptomatic form of Chagas disease (indeterminate form, IND), we evaluated the expression of cytotoxic molecules, cytokine and chemokine receptors in γδ+ and αβ+ DN T cells by multiparameter flow cytometry, and investigated whether blocking the activation of DN T cells influences the expression of these molecules. We observed that DN T cells from CCC display a higher expression of granzyme A, perforin, inflammatory molecules, and inflammatory chemokine receptors than cells from IND. Messenger RNA coding for these molecules is also upregulated in the heart of CCC patients. Importantly, blocking the activation of DN T cells from CCC modulates their cytotoxic potential and the expression of inflammatory and of chemokine receptors, suggesting that targeting DN T cell activation may be a valid strategy to reduce recruitment to the heart, inflammation, cytotoxicity and, thereby diminish CCC progression and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eula Graciele Amorim Neves
- Lab. Biologia das Interações Celulares, Depto. Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Carolina Cattoni Koh
- Lab. Biologia das Interações Celulares, Depto. Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Pedro Paulo Diniz Lucinda
- Lab. Biologia das Interações Celulares, Depto. Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Thaiany Goulart Souza-Silva
- Lab. Biologia das Interações Celulares, Depto. Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Nayara I Medeiros
- Lab. Biologia das Interações Celulares, Depto. Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Pantaleão
- Depto. Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190 - Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Antônio Mutarelli
- Depto. Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190 - Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Juliana de Assis Silva Gomes
- Lab. Biologia das Interações Celulares, Depto. Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Silvana de Araújo Silva
- Depto. Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190 - Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Kenneth John Gollob
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627/701 - Morumbi, São Paulo, SP 05652-900, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, INCT-DT, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Maria do Carmo Pereira Nunes
- Depto. Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190 - Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Walderez Ornelas Dutra
- Lab. Biologia das Interações Celulares, Depto. Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, INCT-DT, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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2
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Yan L, Xu K, Xiao Q, Tuo L, Luo T, Wang S, Yang R, Zhang F, Yang X. Cellular and molecular insights into incomplete immune recovery in HIV/AIDS patients. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1152951. [PMID: 37205108 PMCID: PMC10185893 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1152951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART) can effectively inhibit virus replication and restore immune function in most people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, an important proportion of patients fail to achieve a satisfactory increase in CD4+ T cell counts. This state is called incomplete immune reconstitution or immunological nonresponse (INR). Patients with INR have an increased risk of clinical progression and higher rates of mortality. Despite widespread attention to INR, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. In this review, we will discuss the alterations in the quantity and quality of CD4+ T as well as multiple immunocytes, changes in soluble molecules and cytokines, and their relationship with INR, aimed to provide cellular and molecular insights into incomplete immune reconstitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Yan
- Department of Infectious Disease, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xingxiang Yang, ; Fujie Zhang, ; Liting Yan,
| | - Kaiju Xu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Xiao
- Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Tuo
- Department of Infectious Disease, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Luo
- Department of Infectious Disease, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuqiang Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Renguo Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Fujie Zhang
- Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xingxiang Yang, ; Fujie Zhang, ; Liting Yan,
| | - Xingxiang Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xingxiang Yang, ; Fujie Zhang, ; Liting Yan,
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3
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Korbi F, Zamali I, Rekik R, Ben Hmid A, Hidri M, Kammoun Rebai W, Jelili Z, Masmoudi S, Rahal SK, Ben Ayed A, Ben Ahmed M. Double-negative T cells are increased in HIV-infected patients under antiretroviral therapy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30182. [PMID: 36086717 PMCID: PMC10980362 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Double-negative T (DNT) cells are a T-cell subset with a CD4-CD8- phenotype. They represent 1% to 5% of circulating lymphocytes, but an increase in this proportion can be found during lymphoproliferative and autoimmune diseases. This increase has also been reported in persons with HIV (PWH). The aim of this work was to better describe the proportion of DNT cell subset in PWH. We retrospectively collected 984 samples from PWH referred for lymphocyte immunophenotyping over a 7.5-year period. Quantification of DNT cells was performed by flow cytometry. DNT cell proportion was calculated by subtracting the CD4+ and CD8+ subsets proportions from the total of T cells. A total of 984 blood samples from PWH were collected. Mean CD4 T-cell count was decreased in such patients while DNT cell frequency was increased with a mean of 6.7%. More than half of the patients had a DNT cell proportion >5%. Patients with DNT cell proportion over 5% exhibited significantly reduced CD3+ and CD4+ T-cell counts, while CD8+ T-cell count was unchanged compared to patients with normal DNT cell rates. Interestingly, DNT cell percentage was negatively correlated with CD4 and CD3 T-cell counts in all included patients. Moreover, the DNT cell proportion was significantly increased in subjects with CD4+ T cells <200/mm3 compared to those with CD4+ T cells >200/mm3. Interestingly, DNT cell proportions were significantly higher in patients with high viral load compared with those presenting undetectable viral load. HIV infection is associated with an increase in DNT cell proportion. This increase is more frequent as the CD4 count is decreased and the viral load is increased. DNT cell subset should not be omitted when interpreting immunophenotyping in PWH as it appears to be associated with disease progression in patients under antiretroviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Korbi
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Imen Zamali
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1068, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Raja Rekik
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Ben Hmid
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1068, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mouldi Hidri
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Wafa Kammoun Rebai
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | | | | | | | - Mélika Ben Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1068, Tunis, Tunisia
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4
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Iannetta M, Buccisano F, Fraboni D, Malagnino V, Campogiani L, Teti E, Spalliera I, Rossi B, Di Lorenzo A, Palmieri R, Crea A, Zordan M, Vitale P, Voso MT, Andreoni M, Sarmati L. Baseline T-lymphocyte subset absolute counts can predict both outcome and severity in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients: a single center study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12762. [PMID: 34140530 PMCID: PMC8211786 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90983-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of baseline lymphocyte subset counts in predicting the outcome and severity of COVID-19 patients. Hospitalized patients confirmed to be infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were included and classified according to in-hospital mortality (survivors/nonsurvivors) and the maximal oxygen support/ventilation supply required (nonsevere/severe). Demographics, clinical and laboratory data, and peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were retrospectively analyzed. Overall, 160 patients were retrospectively included in the study. T-lymphocyte subset (total CD3+, CD3+ CD4+, CD3+ CD8+, CD3+ CD4+ CD8+ double positive [DP] and CD3+ CD4− CD8− double negative [DN]) absolute counts were decreased in nonsurvivors and in patients with severe disease compared to survivors and nonsevere patients (p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that absolute counts of CD3+ T-lymphocytes < 524 cells/µl, CD3+ CD4+ < 369 cells/µl, and the number of T-lymphocyte subsets below the cutoff (T-lymphocyte subset index [TLSI]) were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Baseline T-lymphocyte subset counts and TLSI were also predictive of disease severity (CD3+ < 733 cells/µl; CD3+ CD4+ < 426 cells/µl; CD3+ CD8+ < 262 cells/µl; CD3+ DP < 4.5 cells/µl; CD3+ DN < 18.5 cells/µl). The evaluation of peripheral T-lymphocyte absolute counts in the early stages of COVID-19 might represent a useful tool for identifying patients at increased risk of unfavorable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Iannetta
- Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy. .,Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesco Buccisano
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Fraboni
- Department of Oncohematology, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Malagnino
- Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Campogiani
- Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Teti
- Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Spalliera
- Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Benedetta Rossi
- Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Di Lorenzo
- Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Palmieri
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Crea
- Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Zordan
- Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Vitale
- Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Voso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.,Department of Oncohematology, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Andreoni
- Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Sarmati
- Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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5
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HIV Infection and Persistence in Pulmonary Mucosal Double Negative T Cells In Vivo. J Virol 2020; 94:JVI.01788-20. [PMID: 32967958 PMCID: PMC7925170 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01788-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The lungs are relatively unexplored anatomical human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reservoirs in the antiretroviral therapy (ART) era. Double negative (DN) T cells are a subset of T cells that lack expression of CD4 and CD8 (CD4- CD8-) and may have both regulatory and effector functions during HIV infection. Notably, circulating DN T cells were previously described as cellular HIV reservoirs. Here, we undertook a thorough analysis of pulmonary versus blood DN T cells of people living with HIV (PLWH) under ART. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and matched peripheral blood were collected from 35 PLWH on ART and 16 uninfected volunteers without respiratory symptoms. Both PLWH and HIV-negative (HIV-) adults displayed higher frequencies of DN T cells in BAL versus blood, and these cells mostly exhibited an effector memory phenotype. In PLWH, pulmonary mucosal DN T cells expressed higher levels of HLA-DR and several cellular markers associated with HIV persistence (CCR6, CXCR3, and PD-1) than blood. We also observed that DN T cells were less senescent (CD28- CD57+) and expressed less immunosuppressive ectonucleotidase (CD73/CD39), granzyme B, and perforin in the BAL fluid than in the blood of PLWH. Importantly, fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS)-sorted DN T cells from the BAL fluid of PLWH under suppressive ART harbored HIV DNA. Using the humanized bone marrow-liver-thymus (hu-BLT) mouse model of HIV infection, we observed higher infection frequencies of lung DN T cells than those of the blood and spleen in both early and late HIV infection. Overall, our findings show that HIV is seeded in pulmonary mucosal DN T cells early following infection and persists in these potential cellular HIV reservoirs even during long-term ART.IMPORTANCE Reservoirs of HIV during ART are the primary reasons why HIV/AIDS remains an incurable disease. Indeed, HIV remains latent and unreachable by antiretrovirals in cellular and anatomical sanctuaries, preventing its eradication. The lungs have received very little attention compared to other anatomical reservoirs despite being immunological effector sites exhibiting characteristics ideal for HIV persistence. Furthermore, PLWH suffer from a high burden of pulmonary non-opportunistic infections, suggesting impaired pulmonary immunity despite ART. Meanwhile, various immune cell populations have been proposed to be cellular reservoirs in blood, including CD4- CD8- DN T cells, a subset that may originate from CD4 downregulation by HIV proteins. The present study aims to describe DN T cells in human and humanized mice lungs in relation to intrapulmonary HIV burden. The characterization of DN T cells as cellular HIV reservoirs and the lungs as an anatomical HIV reservoir will contribute to the development of targeted HIV eradication strategies.
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Robins E, Zheng M, Ni Q, Liu S, Liang C, Zhang B, Guo J, Zhuang Y, He YW, Zhu P, Wan Y, Li QJ. Conversion of effector CD4 + T cells to a CD8 + MHC II-recognizing lineage. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 18:150-161. [PMID: 32066854 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0347-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are dichotomous lineages in adaptive immunity. While conventionally viewed as distinct fates that are fixed after thymic development, accumulating evidence indicates that these two populations can exhibit significant lineage plasticity, particularly upon TCR-mediated activation. We define a novel CD4-CD8αβ+ MHC II-recognizing population generated by lineage conversion from effector CD4+ T cells. CD4-CD8αβ+ effector T cells downregulated the expression of T helper cell-associated costimulatory molecules and increased the expression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated cytotoxic molecules. This shift in functional potential corresponded with a CD8+-lineage skewed transcriptional profile. TCRβ repertoire sequencing and in vivo genetic lineage tracing in acutely infected wild-type mice demonstrated that CD4-CD8αβ+ effector T cells arise from fundamental lineage reprogramming of bona fide effector CD4+ T cells. Impairing autophagy via functional deletion of the initiating kinase Vps34 or the downstream enzyme Atg7 enhanced the generation of this cell population. These findings suggest that effector CD4+ T cells can exhibit a previously unreported degree of skewing towards the CD8+ T cell lineage, which may point towards a novel direction for HIV vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Robins
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ming Zheng
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingshan Ni
- Biomedical Analysis Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Baojun Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Jian Guo
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - You-Wen He
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Wan
- Biomedical Analysis Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi-Jing Li
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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7
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Ding ZD, Zheng JF, Song CB, Fu YJ, Xu JJ, Jiang YJ, Shang H, Zhang ZN. Decreased CD4 +CD8 low T cells in early HIV infection are associated with rapid disease progression. Cytokine 2019; 125:154801. [PMID: 31442680 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV rapid progressors (RPs) present with a rapid decline of CD4+ T cells within a few years of infection. Determining the underlying mechanisms throughout this decline is important to identify prognostic biomarkers and intervention strategies. Determining the numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells is essential for monitoring the immune status of HIV infected patients. There are additional kinds of cell subtypes in T cells, but their relationship to the rapid progression of HIV disease is not well defined. METHODS Nineteen RPs and twenty-one chronic progressors (CPs) were enrolled in this study. Based on the intensity of CD4 and CD8 expression, different T cell subtypes were identified, including CD4+CD8+T cells, CD4-CD8- T cells, CD4+CD8low T cells and CD4-CD8low T cells. Alterations in these T cell subtypes in early HIV infection (within 120 days of infection) between RPs and CPs were measured, and the relationships between these subtypes and HIV disease progression were investigated. In addition, expression of IFN-γ in T cell subtypes after PMA stimulation was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS We found that during early HIV infection, CD4+CD8low T cells both significantly decreased in numbers and percentages in RPs compared to CPs. Furthermore, baseline CD4+CD8low T cells positively correlated not only with baseline CD4+T cells but also with CD4+T cells 12 months after infection. Moreover, survival analysis indicated that low levels of baseline CD4+CD8low T cells significantly accelerated the decline in CD4+ T cells as well as increased viral loads. CD4+CD8low T cells secreted significantly more IFN-γ after PMA stimulation compared to CD4+CD8-T cells and CD4-CD8+T cells, which may be beneficial for the prevention of disease progression. CONCLUSIONS Our results identified that in early stage HIV-1 infection, a subtype of T cells, CD4+CD8low, are associated with subsequent disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Dan Ding
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang 110001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Street, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jie-Fu Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang 110001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Street, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Cheng-Bo Song
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang 110001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Street, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ya-Jing Fu
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang 110001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Street, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jun-Jie Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang 110001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Street, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yong-Jun Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang 110001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Street, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hong Shang
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang 110001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Street, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Zi-Ning Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang 110001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Street, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Kolasa-Wołosiuk A, Wojciechowska-Koszko I, Kot K, Roszkowska P, Krasnodębska-Szponder B, Paczkowska E, Machaliński B, Łuczkowska K, Wiszniewska B, Kosik-Bogacka D. Changes in the immune system in experimental acanthamoebiasis in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed hosts. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:517. [PMID: 30236160 PMCID: PMC6149055 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3108-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acanthamoebiasis is most often found in patients with immune deficiency, with infections facilitated by the intake of immunosuppressive drugs. The host immune response to Acanthamoeba spp. infection is poorly understood. Thus, in this study, we aimed to examine the course of Acanthamoeba spp. infection taking into account the host’s immunological status, including assessment of the hematological parameters, cytokine analysis, immunophenotypic changes in spleen populations, and histological spleen changes, which could help clarify some aspects of the immune response to acanthamoebiasis. In our experimental study, we used Acanthamoeba strain AM 22 isolated from the bronchoaspirate of a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and atypical pneumonia symptoms. Results Acanthamoeba spp. affected the hematological parameters in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice and induced a change in spleen weight during infection. Moreover, analysis of anti-inflammatory (IL-4 and IL-10) and pro-inflammatory (IL-17A and IFN-γ) cytokines produced by splenocytes stimulated with concanavalin A demonstrated that Acanthamoeba spp. induced a selective Th1, Th2 and Th17 response at later stages of the infection in immunocompetent hosts. In the case of hosts with low immunity, Acanthamoeba elicited robust Th1 cell-mediated immunity without the participation of Th17. We observed suppression of CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD3+CD4-CD8- double-negative (DN) T lymphocyte populations in the beginning, and in the case of CD3+/CD4+/CD8+ double-positive (DP) T cells in the final phase of Acanthamoeba spp. infection in hosts with low immunity. Also, CD4+T lymphocytes and CD3+/CD4+ and CD3+/CD8+ lymphocyte counts during each stage of acanthamoebiasis were shown to be upregulated. Conclusions We demonstrated that analysis of the immune response and pathogenesis mechanisms of clinical isolates of Acanthamoeba spp. in an animal model not only has purely cognitive significance but above all, may help in the development of effective methods of pharmacological therapy especially in patients with low immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kolasa-Wołosiuk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Iwona Wojciechowska-Koszko
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paulina Roszkowska
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Barbara Krasnodębska-Szponder
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Edyta Paczkowska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bogusław Machaliński
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Łuczkowska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Barbara Wiszniewska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland.
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Lu X, Su B, Xia H, Zhang X, Liu Z, Ji Y, Yang Z, Dai L, Mayr LM, Moog C, Wu H, Huang X, Zhang T. Low Double-Negative CD3 +CD4 -CD8 - T Cells Are Associated with Incomplete Restoration of CD4 + T Cells and Higher Immune Activation in HIV-1 Immunological Non-Responders. Front Immunol 2016; 7:579. [PMID: 28018346 PMCID: PMC5145861 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Failure of immune reconstitution increases the risk of AIDS or non-AIDS related morbidity and mortality in HIV-1-infected patients. CD3+CD4−CD8− T cells, which are usually described as double-negative (DN) T cells, display CD4-like helper and immunoregulatory functions. Here, we have measured the percentage of DN T cells in the immune reconstituted vs. non-immune reconstituted HIV-1-infected individuals. We observed that immunological non-responders (INRs) had a low number of DN T cells after long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART), and the number of these cells positively correlated with the CD4+ T cell count. The ART did not result in complete suppression of immune activation recorded by the percentage of CD38+HLA-DR+CD8+ T cells in INRs, and a strong inverse correlation was observed between DN T cells and immune activation. A low proportion of TGF-β1+DN T cells was found in INRs. Further mechanism study demonstrated that the level of TGF-β1-producing DN T cells and immune activation had a negative correlation after ART. Taken together, our study suggests that DN T cells control the immunological response in HIV-1-infected patients. These findings expand our understanding of the mechanism of immune reconstitution and could develop specific treatments to return the immune system to homeostasis following initiation of HIV-1 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Lu
- STD/HIV Research Laboratory, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Su
- STD/HIV Research Laboratory, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Xia
- STD/HIV Research Laboratory, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- STD/HIV Research Laboratory, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiying Liu
- STD/HIV Research Laboratory, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yunxia Ji
- STD/HIV Research Laboratory, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Zixuan Yang
- STD/HIV Research Laboratory, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Dai
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Luzia M Mayr
- INSERM UMR S_1109, Faculté de Médecine, FMTS, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie et Hématologie, Université de Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France
| | - Christiane Moog
- INSERM UMR S_1109, Faculté de Médecine, FMTS, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie et Hématologie, Université de Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France
| | - Hao Wu
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Xiaojie Huang
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Tong Zhang
- STD/HIV Research Laboratory, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China; Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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10
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Neyt K, GeurtsvanKessel CH, Lambrecht BN. Double-negative T resident memory cells of the lung react to influenza virus infection via CD11c(hi) dendritic cells. Mucosal Immunol 2016; 9:999-1014. [PMID: 26376363 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2015.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Immunity to Influenza A virus (IAV) is controlled by conventional TCRαβ(+) CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes, which mediate protection or cause immunopathology. Here, we addressed the kinetics, differentiation, and antigen specificity of CD4(-)CD8(-) double-negative (DN) T cells. DNT cells expressed intermediate levels of TCR/CD3 and could be further divided in γδ T cells, CD1d-reactive type I NKT cells, NK1.1(+) NKT-like cells, and NK1.1(-) DNT cells. NK1.1(-) DNT cells had a separate antigen-specific repertoire in the steady-state lung, and expanded rapidly in response to IAV infection, irrespectively of the severity of infection. Up to 10% of DNT cells reacted to viral nucleoprotein. Reinfection experiments with heterosubtypic IAV revealed that viral replication was a major trigger for recruitment. Unlike conventional T cells, the NK1.1(-) DNT cells were in a preactivated state, expressing memory markers CD44, CD11a, CD103, and the cytotoxic effector molecule FasL. DNT cells resided in the lung parenchyma, protected from intravascular labeling with CD45 antibody. The recruitment and maintenance of CCR2(+) CCR5(+) CXCR3(+) NK1.1(-) DNT cells depended on CD11c(hi) dendritic cells (DCs). Functionally, DNT cells controlled the lung DC subset balance, suggesting they might act as immunoregulatory cells. In conclusion, we identify activation of resident memory NK1.1(-) DNT cells as an integral component of the mucosal immune response to IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Neyt
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - B N Lambrecht
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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