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Ortega-Rodríguez AC, Martínez-Hernández R, Monsiváis-Urenda A, Serrano-Somavilla A, Sánchez-Gutiérrez R, González-Amaro R, Marazuela M. Quantitative and Functional Analysis of PD-1+ NK Cells in Patients With Autoimmune Thyroid Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5895510. [PMID: 32823277 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Natural killer (NK) cells have an important role in innate immunity and in the regulation of immune response. The role of NK cells expressing the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) regulatory receptor has not been explored in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). PURPOSE To analyze the levels and function of PD-1+ NK cells in samples from AITD patients. DESIGN Cases and controls, observational study. SETTING Hospital Universitario la Princesa, Spain. PATIENTS Forty patients with AITD, 16 with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), 24 with Graves' disease (GD), and 15 healthy controls. INTERVENTION Multiparametric flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood NK cells. In vitro assays of cytotoxic activity of NK cells, and synthesis of cytokines. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Levels and function of PD-1+ NK cells in blood samples from AITD patients and controls. RESULTS Increased levels of NK cells and the CD56dimPD-1+ subset were observed in GD patients. In HT, an enhanced expression of the regulatory receptors NKG2A and NKG2C by CD56brightPD-1+ NK cells was detected. AITD patients showed an increased synthesis of IL-10 by CD56brightPD-1- NK cells, whereas CD56dimPD-1+ cells from GD patients exhibited an enhanced production of interferon-γ. PD-1+ NK cells from patients with GD and HT showed an increased cytotoxic activity. Significant associations were observed in patients with GD or HT between the levels of PD-1+ NK cells and clinical laboratory parameters. CONCLUSIONS The different abnormalities in NK cell subset levels, in the expression of PD-1 and its function in AITD patients' further support the complex role of these cells in this pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebeca Martínez-Hernández
- Service of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Adriana Monsiváis-Urenda
- Section of Molecular and Translational Medicine, CICSaB, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
- Dept. of Immunology, School of Medicine, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - Ana Serrano-Somavilla
- Service of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | | | - Roberto González-Amaro
- Section of Molecular and Translational Medicine, CICSaB, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
- Dept. of Immunology, School of Medicine, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - Mónica Marazuela
- Service of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
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Štefanić M, Tokić S, Suver Stević M, Glavaš-Obrovac L. Association of increased eomesodermin, BCL6, and granzyme B expression with major clinical manifestations of Hashimoto's thyroiditis - an observational study. Immunol Invest 2018; 47:279-292. [PMID: 29319368 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2018.1423571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies of cytotoxic T cells and their respective lineage master regulators have been limited in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). It is unclear whether their transcriptomes are changed in HT patients and how these changes are associated with the thyroid damage, major clinical manifestations, and disease progression. METHODS We explored the gene expression patterns of selected transcription factors [eomesodermin (EOMES), BACH2, BCL6, TCF1] and cytolytic molecules [granzyme B (GZMB)] in peripheral blood (PB) T cells of 10 healthy controls and 30 HT patients of various subtypes (hypothyroid, untreated HT; L-thyroxine (T4)-treated HT, and spontaneously euthyroid HT) using real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS EOMES (Mann-Whitney P = 0.044), GZMB (P = 0.028), and BCL6 mRNA (P = 0.001) were overrepresented in PB T cells from HT and showed levels varying by age, thyroid volume and disease severity. BCL6 transcripts were predominantly enriched in severely affected, hypothyroid cases, both on and off LT4. Increased EOMES RNA expression was associated with advancing age, lower thyroid volumes and higher peak adjusted TSH levels over the course of the disease. The body mass-adjusted, steady-state maintenance dose of LT4 increased with GZMB and BCL6 levels in PB T cells of hypothyroid cases, mostly postmenopausal women having long-standing, non-goitrous and atrophic disease form. CONCLUSIONS Our exploratory results suggest a role for GZMB, EOMES, and BCL6 in the context of HT, thyroid injury, and aggressive/advanced disease forms. Functions enriched within differentially expressed transcripts could be an important new target in understanding the pathogenesis of HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Štefanić
- a Department of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Osijek , Osijek , Croatia.,c Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Protection , Osijek University Hospital , Osijek , Croatia
| | - Stana Tokić
- b Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine , University of Osijek , Osijek , Croatia.,c Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Protection , Osijek University Hospital , Osijek , Croatia
| | - Mirjana Suver Stević
- d Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Institute of Transfusion Medicine , Osijek University Hospital , Osijek , Croatia
| | - Ljubica Glavaš-Obrovac
- b Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine , University of Osijek , Osijek , Croatia
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Wang D, Chen J, Zhang H, Zhang F, Yang L, Mou Y. Role of Different CD40 Polymorphisms in Graves' Disease and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Immunol Invest 2017; 46:544-551. [PMID: 28742400 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2017.1319382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have led to the discovery of several susceptibility genes related to autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs). However, controversial results have been reported regarding the role of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of CD40 in the disease susceptibility. The objective of this study was to identify the relationship of the polymorphisms of three sites of CD40 with the susceptibility to AITD in the Chinese population. We genotyped three polymorphisms of CD40: C/T -1 SNP, 58038T site of the third exon and C64610G site of the ninth exon in 196 GD cases, 121 HT cases and 122 control subjects. The three putative polymorphism sites were amplified by PCR for sequencing and analysis. The genotype frequencies of CD40 -1 C/C genotype and C allele were significantly higher in the GD group than those in normal control. For the C64610G polymorphism, the C/G genotype was significantly more frequent in HT group than in control group, and the G allele frequencies in the GD and HT group were both higher than those in control group. These results indicated that there exist different susceptibility loci for AITD within CD40, each contributing a different effect in the onset and development of AITDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongguo Wang
- a Department of Clinical Lab Medicine , Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou University , Taizhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- b Department of Laboratory Medicine , School of Medicine, Taizhou University , Taizhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Huanyuan Zhang
- c Department of Pathology , Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou University , Taizhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- c Department of Pathology , Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou University , Taizhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Linjun Yang
- d Department of Thyroid-Breast Surgery , Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou University , Taizhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Yonghua Mou
- e Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou University , Taizhou , Zhejiang , China
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4
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Draxler DF, Madondo MT, Hanafi G, Plebanski M, Medcalf RL. A flowcytometric analysis to efficiently quantify multiple innate immune cells and T Cell subsets in human blood. Cytometry A 2017; 91:336-350. [PMID: 28264143 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The balance of inflammation and immunosuppression driven by changed ratios in diverse myeloid and T cell subsets, as well as their state of activation and ability to migrate to lymphoid compartments or inflammatory sites, has emerged as a highly active area of study across clinical trials of vaccines and therapies against cancer, trauma, as well as autoimmune and infectious diseases. There is a need for effective protocols which maximally use the possibilities offered by modern flow cytometers to characterize such immune cell changes in peripheral blood using small volumes of human blood. Additionally, longitudinal clinical studies often use cryopreserved samples, which can impact flow cytometric results. To efficiently gauge both the innate and the adaptive immune response, two novel 15-color antibody panels to identify key myeloid and T cell subsets and their functional potential were established. This approach was used to compare cellular immune profiles in fresh whole blood and in matched cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Cocktail I was designed to identify and characterize myeloid cell populations including dendritic cells (DCs), monocytic monocyte-derived suppressor cells (MO-MDSC), and monocytes, determining further core aspects of their state of maturity, T cell stimulatory (or inhibitory) potential, and migration capability. Cocktail II was used for phenotyping diverse T cells subsets, and their key migration and functional regulatory capabilities. The two 15-color antibody panels for the evaluation of both immune-stimulating and immunosuppressive processes presented herein allowed for efficient evaluation of the balance of immune activation versus immunosuppression across key blood cells, with good resolution for all 15 markers stained for in each panel. Gating strategies for the myeloid and T cells are presented to further support specific subset identification. This protocol was shown to be reproducible across donors and useful to study both RBC-lysed whole blood and cryopreserved PBMCs. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F Draxler
- Molecular Neurotrauma and Haemostasis, Australian Center for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - M T Madondo
- Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - G Hanafi
- Molecular Neurotrauma and Haemostasis, Australian Center for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - M Plebanski
- Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - R L Medcalf
- Molecular Neurotrauma and Haemostasis, Australian Center for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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Arpaci D, Karakas Celik S, Can M, Cakmak Genc G, Kuzu F, Unal M, Bayraktaroglu T. Increased Serum Levels of IL-28 and IL-29 and the Protective Effect of IL28B rs8099917 Polymorphism in Patients with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Immunol Invest 2016; 45:668-78. [PMID: 27617784 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2016.1208215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is thought to result from decreased T helper type 2 (Th2) responses, leading to the progressive destruction of thyrocytes. IFN-λ1, -λ2, and -λ3 (also known as IL-29, IL-28A, and IL-28B, respectively) are recently described members of the IFN-λ family and have been shown to decrease the production of Th2 cytokines in vitro. However, the role and mechanism of IFN-λ1 in HT remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine whether IL29 and IL28B gene polymorphisms are susceptibility genes for the development of HT. Also, we investigated the effects of IL-29 and IL-28 serum levels in the pathogenesis of HT. Using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL28B rs8099917 (IL28 G/T) and IL29 rs30461 (IL29 T/C) were studied in 99 patients with HT and 100 healthy controls. Considering the allelic distribution of the IL28 G/T polymorphism, a higher frequency of the G allele was observed in the control group versus the HT group. Thus, it was suggested that the G allele may be protective against HT pathogenesis (OR = 0.388, 95% CI = 0.217-0.693; p = 0.001). Our findings also demonstrated that there was a statistically significant difference in serum IL-28 and IL-29 levels between case and control groups (p < 0.001). Increased serum levels of IL-28 and IL-29 were found in patients with HT. However, we did not find a relationship between the IL29 gene polymorphism and HT. In conclusion, the IL28B gene polymorphism and serum IL-28 and IL-29 levels seem to play a role in the pathogenesis of HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Arpaci
- a Bulent Ecevit University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | - Sevim Karakas Celik
- b Bulent Ecevit University , Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics , Zonguldak Turkey
| | - Murat Can
- c Bulent Ecevit University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | - Gunes Cakmak Genc
- d Bulent Ecevit University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | - Fatih Kuzu
- a Bulent Ecevit University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | - Mustafa Unal
- a Bulent Ecevit University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | - Taner Bayraktaroglu
- a Bulent Ecevit University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Zonguldak , Turkey
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6
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Zhang Y, Lv G, Lou X, Peng D, Qu X, Yang X, Ayana DA, Guo H, Jiang Y. NKG2A expression and impaired function of NK cells in patients with new onset of Graves' disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 24:133-9. [PMID: 25281394 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Graves' disease (GD) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease. A significant decrease of the distribution of NK cells in the peripheral blood in children and adolescents with untreated GD has been observed. However, the role of NK and its subsets in adults with GD remains unclear. METHODS A total of 28 adult patients with new onset of GD and 23 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. The number of activated inhibitory NK cells in peripheral blood of individual subjects was determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS The number of CD3(-)CD56(+) and CD3(-)CD16(+)NK cells in peripheral blood was significantly decreased in the GD patients than the HC. Compared to the HCs, decreased number of NKG2D(+), NKG2C(+), NKp30(+) and NKG2A(+) NK cells and increased number of KIR3DL1(+) NK cells were detected in the GD patients. Moreover, the number of inducible CD107a(+) and IFN-γ-secreting NK cells in GD patients significantly decreased than those in HC. Interestingly, the number of NKG2A(+)NK cells was negatively correlated with the level of serum TRAb in GD patients. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that decreased number and impaired function of NK cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Guoyue Lv
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Xiaoqian Lou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Di Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, Center Hospital of Tonghua City, Tonghua 134000, China.
| | - Xiaozhang Qu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Xige Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | | | - Hui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yanfang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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