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Eriksen KO, Wigers AR, Wedding IM, Erichsen AK, Barøy T, Søberg K, Jørstad ØK. A novel homozygous variant in the SPG7 gene presenting with childhood optic nerve atrophy. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2022; 26:101400. [PMID: 35243150 PMCID: PMC8861420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To describe a case of hereditary spastic ataxia (HSP) presenting with childhood optic nerve atrophy and report a novel homozygous variant in the SPG7 gene. Observations A 57-year-old man suffering from progressive optic nerve atrophy since childhood eventually underwent genetic testing. A targeted whole exome gene sequencing panel for optic neuropathy identified a novel homozygous variant in the SPG7 gene, c.2T > G, p.(Met?), which likely abolished production of paraplegin, an inner mitochondrial membrane protein. Subsequent neurologic examination revealed subtle signs of spastic paraplegia and ataxia in keeping with the genetic diagnosis of SPG7. Conclusion and importance Spastic paraplegia 7 (SPG7) is an autosomal recessive form of the neurodegenerative disorder HSP. Pure HSP is characterized by spastic paraparesis in the lower limbs, whereas complicated HSP presents additional neurological manifestations. This case report adds to the evidence that SPG7 can present with childhood optic nerve atrophy, preceding the characteristic SPG7 manifestations. SPG7 should be considered in the workup of suspected hereditary optic neuropathy. Spastic paraplegia 7 (SPG7) may present with childhood optic nerve atrophy. In this case we identified a likely pathogenic, homozygous variant in the SPG7 gene: c.2T > G, p.(Met1?). Workup for suspected hereditary optic neuropathy should include testing for SPG7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrine O. Eriksen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
- Corresponding author. Department of ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, OSLO, Norway.
| | | | | | | | - Tuva Barøy
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | | | - Øystein Kalsnes Jørstad
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
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Sun Z, Wu S, Zhu T, Wei X, Han X, Zou X, Sui R. Generation of a human induced pluripotent stem cell line PUMCHi019-A from a dominant optic atrophy patient with an OPA1 mutation. Stem Cell Res 2022; 60:102705. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2022.102705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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First Description of Inheritance of a Postzygotic OPA1 Mosaic Variant. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030478. [PMID: 35328032 PMCID: PMC8948733 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Optic atrophy 1 (MIM #165500) is caused by pathogenic variants in the gene OPA1 (OPA1 MITOCHONDRIAL DYNAMIN-LIKE GTPase, MIM *605290) and is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. We describe a 6-year-old male patient with severe early onset manifestation of optic atrophy, whose parents are subjectively asymptomatic. OPA1-sequence analysis revealed the heterozygous missense variant NM_015560.3:c.806C>T, p.(Ser269Phe) in the patient. Segregation analysis of the parents showed that the mother carried a low-grade postzygotic mosaic of this variant, which apparently also involves germline cells. In line with this, ophthalmological investigation of the mother showed subclinical manifestation of optic atrophy 1. This is the first report of an OPA1 postzygotic mosaic that was inherited to offspring.
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Kohli P, Jayasri KN, Rupa A, Kumar M, Kowsalya A. Electrophysiological and neuroimaging findings in a patient who developed visual loss after attempted suicide by hanging. Doc Ophthalmol 2021; 143:331-337. [PMID: 34231113 DOI: 10.1007/s10633-021-09846-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the electrophysiological and neuroimaging findings in a patient who developed visual loss after attempted suicide by hanging. METHODS A 45-year-old male presented with bilateral visual loss and difficulty in walking following a suicide attempt by hanging six months ago. He underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, posterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT), various electrophysiological tests and neuroimaging. RESULTS His bilateral best-corrected visual acuity was logMAR 1.08. Intraocular pressures and ocular examination were normal except for bilateral temporal disk pallor. Macular OCT showed bilateral ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer complex thinning. Electroretinogram showed reduced b/a wave amplitude ratio in all the dark- and light-adapted International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision protocols in both the eyes. Pattern-reversal visually evoked potential (VEP) showed delayed latency of the P100 component in both the eyes. Electrooculography showed a normal light peak-to-dark trough ratio in both the eyes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed chronic infarct and gliosis in both the occipital lobes. MR angiography showed pruning of P4 segments of both the posterior cerebral artery. Perfusion imaging showed reduction of perfusion in both the parieto-occipital lobes. CONCLUSION Hanging survivors can develop visual loss after their recovery. The visual loss may be a result of simultaneous ischemic insult to the occipital lobe cortex, optic nerve and retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Kohli
- Department of Vitreo-Retinal Services, Aravind Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - K N Jayasri
- Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology, Aravind Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Rupa
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Aravind Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mahesh Kumar
- Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology, Aravind Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Kowsalya
- Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology, Aravind Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Gerber S, Orssaud C, Kaplan J, Johansson C, Rozet JM. MCAT Mutations Cause Nuclear LHON-like Optic Neuropathy. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12040521. [PMID: 33918393 PMCID: PMC8067165 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological variants in the nuclear malonyl-CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase (MCAT) gene, which encodes a mitochondrial protein involved in fatty-acid biogenesis, have been reported in two siblings from China affected by insidious optic nerve degeneration in childhood, leading to blindness in the first decade of life. After analysing 51 families with negative molecular diagnostic tests, from a cohort of 200 families with hereditary optic neuropathy (HON), we identified two novel MCAT mutations in a female patient who presented with acute, sudden, bilateral, yet asymmetric, central visual loss at the age of 20. This presentation is consistent with a Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)-like phenotype, whose existence and association with NDUFS2 and DNAJC30 has only recently been described. Our findings reveal a wider phenotypic presentation of MCAT mutations, and a greater genetic heterogeneity of nuclear LHON-like phenotypes. Although MCAT pathological variants are very uncommon, this gene should be investigated in HON patients, irrespective of disease presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Gerber
- Laboratory of Genetics in Ophthalmology (LGO), INSERM UMR1163, Institute of Genetic Diseases, Imagine and Paris Descartes University, 75015 Paris, France; (S.G.); (J.K.)
| | - Christophe Orssaud
- Unité Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou (HEGP), and Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares en Ophtalmologie (OPHTARA), Service d’Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Necker–Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Josseline Kaplan
- Laboratory of Genetics in Ophthalmology (LGO), INSERM UMR1163, Institute of Genetic Diseases, Imagine and Paris Descartes University, 75015 Paris, France; (S.G.); (J.K.)
| | - Catrine Johansson
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Headington, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK;
| | - Jean-Michel Rozet
- Laboratory of Genetics in Ophthalmology (LGO), INSERM UMR1163, Institute of Genetic Diseases, Imagine and Paris Descartes University, 75015 Paris, France; (S.G.); (J.K.)
- Correspondence:
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Sun C, Wu X, Bai HX, Wang C, Liu Z, Yang C, Lu Y, Jiang P. OPA1 haploinsufficiency due to a novel splicing variant resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction without mitochondrial DNA depletion. Ophthalmic Genet 2020; 42:45-52. [PMID: 33251885 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2020.1849313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: To identify and investigate the effects of a novel splicing variant, c.1444-2A>C of OPA1, on its transcript, translation, and mitochondrial function, which was found in an 8-year-old patient with dominantly inherited optic atrophy (DOA). Materials and Methods: The clinical evaluations were performed at the Eye Center. Lymphoblast cell lines were generated from the patient, mother, and a normal control with the same haplotype of mitochondrial genome. The novel variant was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The splicing alteration of cDNA was checked by both Sanger sequencing and agarose gel. OPA1 expression was carried out by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Transmission electron microscopy was used for mitochondrial morphology. Mitochondrial functions, including the rates of oxygen consumption, ATP generation, ROS product and membrane potential were assayed in lymphoblast cells. Results: The novel OPA1 splicing variant, c.1444-2A>C, led to a deletion of the 15th exon in mRNA transcript. Approximately 50% reduction of mRNA and protein expression was present in mutant cells as compared with controls. No marked depletion of mtDNA nor mitochondrial mass was caused by the splicing variant. However, defects that the impaired capacity of OXPHOS, reduced ATP generation, increased ROS and decreased membrane potential were observed in the mutant cells, which promoted a ubiquitin-binding mitophagy instead of apoptosis. Conclusions: The novel splicing variant, c.1444-2A>C resulted in OPA1 haploinsufficiency effect on its expression and mitochondrial function without mtDNA depletion. Our findings may provide new insights into the understanding of pathophysiology of DOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanbin Sun
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the Children's Hospitals, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health , Hangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Xia Bai
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenghui Wang
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the Children's Hospitals, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health , Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital , Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenxi Yang
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the Children's Hospitals, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health , Hangzhou, China
| | - Yijun Lu
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the Children's Hospitals, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health , Hangzhou, China
| | - Pingping Jiang
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the Children's Hospitals, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health , Hangzhou, China
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Maloney DM, Chadderton N, Millington-Ward S, Palfi A, Shortall C, O'Byrne JJ, Cassidy L, Keegan D, Humphries P, Kenna P, Farrar GJ. Optimized OPA1 Isoforms 1 and 7 Provide Therapeutic Benefit in Models of Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:571479. [PMID: 33324145 PMCID: PMC7726421 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.571479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Optic Atrophy 1 (OPA1) is a mitochondrially targeted GTPase that plays a pivotal role in mitochondrial health, with mutations causing severe mitochondrial dysfunction and typically associated with Dominant Optic Atrophy (DOA), a progressive blinding disease involving retinal ganglion cell loss and optic nerve damage. In the current study, we investigate the use of codon-optimized versions of OPA1 isoform 1 and 7 as potential therapeutic interventions in a range of in vitro and in vivo models of mitochondrial dysfunction. We demonstrate that both isoforms perform equally well in ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction in OPA1 knockout mouse embryonic fibroblast cells but that OPA1 expression levels require tight regulation for optimal benefit. Of note, we demonstrate for the first time that both OPA1 isoform 1 and 7 can be used independently to protect spatial visual function in a murine model of retinal ganglion cell degeneration caused by mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as providing benefit to mitochondrial bioenergetics in DOA patient derived fibroblast cells. These results highlight the potential value of OPA1-based gene therapy interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Maloney
- The School of Genetics & Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Naomi Chadderton
- The School of Genetics & Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Arpad Palfi
- The School of Genetics & Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ciara Shortall
- The School of Genetics & Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - James J O'Byrne
- National Centre for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, The Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Clinical Genetics Centre for Ophthalmology, The Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lorraine Cassidy
- The Research Foundation, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Keegan
- Clinical Genetics Centre for Ophthalmology, The Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter Humphries
- The School of Genetics & Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul Kenna
- The School of Genetics & Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,The Research Foundation, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gwyneth Jane Farrar
- The School of Genetics & Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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A Missense Mutation in OPA1 Causes Dominant Optic Atrophy in a Chinese Family. J Ophthalmol 2019; 2019:1424928. [PMID: 31781369 PMCID: PMC6875404 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1424928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the genetic causes and clinical characteristics of dominant optic atrophy (DOA) in a Chinese family. Methods A 5-generation pedigree of 35 family members including 12 individuals affected with DOA was recruited from Shenzhen Eye Hospital, China. Four affected family members and one unaffected family member were selected for whole exome sequencing. Sanger sequencing was used to confirm and screen the identified mutation in 18 members of the family. The disease-causing mutation was identified by bioinformatics analysis and confirmed by segregation analysis. The clinical characteristics of the family members were analyzed. Results A heterozygous missense mutation (c.1313A>G, p.D438G) in optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) was identified in 10 individuals affected with DOA in this family. None of the unaffected family members had the mutation. Patients in this family had vision loss since they were children or adolescence. The visual acuity decreased progressively to hand movement, except for one patient (IV-12) who had relatively good vision of 20/30 and 20/28. The fundus typically manifested as optic disc pallor. The visual fields, optical coherence tomography, and visual evoked potential suggested variable degree of abnormality in patients. Patients who had a history of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking had more severe clinical manifestations. Conclusions Our results suggest that the p.D438G mutation in OPA1 causes optic atrophy in this family. The patients who carried the mutation demonstrated heterogeneous clinical manifestations in this family. This is the first report on the c.1313A>G (p.D438G) mutation of OPA1 in a Chinese family affected with DOA.
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Guo H, Li S, Dai L, Huang X, Yu T, Yin Z, Bai Y. Genetic analysis in a cohort of patients with hereditary optic neuropathies in Southwest of China. Mitochondrion 2018; 46:327-333. [PMID: 30201499 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report the results of molecular screening in 121 patients with suspected hereditary optic neuropathies. The 34 primary and 9 secondary LHON mutations were screened in all the patients. In the familial cases, OPA1 was also tested when negative finding for the mtDNA mutations screening. Molecular defects were identified in 35 patients (28.9% of screened patients). Among these, 33 patients (94.3%) had an mtDNA mutation, including m.11778G > A (69.7%), m.14484 T > C, m.3460G > A, m.3635G > A, m.14502 T > C and three secondary mutations m.3316G > A, m.3394 T > C, m.3497C > T. Two novel OPA1 mutations, c.1301 T > G (p.Leu434Arg) and c.985-1G > A (IVS9-1G > A), were also detected in families with the evidence of father-to-son transmission. In conclusion, we reported the results of the molecular screening of 121 patients with hereditary optic neuropathies from southwest of China. Our results highlight the importance of investigating LHON-causing mtDNA mutations and OPA1 mutations in cases of suspected hereditary optic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Guo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Army Medical University, 30#, Gaotanyan St., Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Shiying Li
- Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, 30#, Gaotanyan St., Shapingba District 400038, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Limeng Dai
- Department of Medical Genetics, Army Medical University, 30#, Gaotanyan St., Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Xiaoyong Huang
- Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, 30#, Gaotanyan St., Shapingba District 400038, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Tao Yu
- Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, 30#, Gaotanyan St., Shapingba District 400038, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Zhengqin Yin
- Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, 30#, Gaotanyan St., Shapingba District 400038, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Yun Bai
- Department of Medical Genetics, Army Medical University, 30#, Gaotanyan St., Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
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Li H, Jones EM, Li H, Yang L, Sun Z, Yuan Z, Chen R, Dong F, Sui R. Clinical and genetic features of eight Chinese autosomal-dominant optic atrophy pedigrees with six novel OPA1 pathogenic variants. Ophthalmic Genet 2018; 39:569-576. [PMID: 29952689 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2018.1466337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal-dominant optic atrophy (ADOA) is one of the most common types of inherited optic atrophy. We identify OPA1 pathogenic variants and assess the clinical features of a cohort of Chinese ADOA patients Materials and Methods: Detailed clinical evaluations were performed and genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood for all the participants. Sanger sequencing was used to analyze all exons and exon/intron junctions of OPA1 for eight pedigrees. Target exome capture plus next-generation sequencing (NGS) were applied for one atypical family with photophobia. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was carried out to further characterize the mRNA change of selected splicing alteration. RESULTS All 17 patients had impaired vision and optic-disk pallor; however, the clinical severity varied markedly. Two patients complicated with hearing loss. Six novel and two reported pathogenic variants in OPA1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_130837.2) were identified including four nonsynonymous variants (c.2400T > G, c.1468T > C, c.1567A > G and c.1466T > C), two splicing variants (c.2984-1_2986delGAGA and c.2983 + 5G > A), one small deletion (c.2960_2968delGCGTTCAAC), and one small insertion (c.3009_3010insA). RNA analysis revealed the splicing variant c.2984-1_2986delGAGA caused small deletion of mRNA (r.2983_2988del). CONCLUSIONS ADOA patients presented variable clinical manifestations. Novel OPA1 pathogenic variants are the main genetic defect for Chinese ADOA cases. NGS may be a useful molecular testing tool for atypical ADOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajin Li
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Evan M Jones
- b Department of Molecular and Human Genetics , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Hui Li
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Lizhu Yang
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Zixi Sun
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Zhisheng Yuan
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Rui Chen
- b Department of Molecular and Human Genetics , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Fangtian Dong
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Ruifang Sui
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
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Corajevic N, Larsen M, Rönnbäck C. Thickness mapping of individual retinal layers and sectors by Spectralis SD-OCT in Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy. Acta Ophthalmol 2018; 96:251-256. [PMID: 29091347 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess layer- and location-specific retinal thickness deficits in autosomal dominant optic atrophy (ADOA) using Spectralis SD-OCT. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 41 ADOA patients with OPA1 exon 28 (2826delT) mutation [age, 8.6-83.5 years; best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), 8-89 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letters] and 55 mutation-free first-degree relatives as healthy controls (age, 8.9-68.7; BCVA, 80-99). Participants underwent routine examination and optical coherence tomography (OCT) with segmentation of the whole retina, inner retinal layers (IRL) and outer retinal layers (ORL). Individual segmentation was performed of the perifoveal retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), outer nuclear layer (ONL), retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the peripapillary RNFL. Combinations of layers and sectors were tested for their diagnostic significance. Only right eye data are presented. Statistical analysis was adjusted for age, gender, spherical equivalent, axial length and family clustering in a mixed model analysis. RESULTS The perifoveal RNFL, GCL, IPL and the peripapillary RNFL were all significantly thinner in ADOA patients than in healthy controls (p < 0.0001). No statistical difference was found for other layers. The most prominent and diagnostically most valuable deficit was found in the GCL (-49.9%) in the 'nasal inner macula' (NIM) sector (-63%). Attenuation of the peripapillary RNFL was most significant in the temporal sector (-58.4%). CONCLUSION In ADOA, retinal ganglion cells are most prominently reduced in the nasal perifoveal area of the GCL, which together with the temporal peripapillary RNFL area serves as the strongest diagnostic OCT marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihada Corajevic
- Department of Ophthalmology; Glostrup Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Michael Larsen
- Department of Ophthalmology; Glostrup Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Cecilia Rönnbäck
- Department of Ophthalmology; Glostrup Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
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Analysis of Genetic Mutations in a Cohort of Hereditary Optic Neuropathy in Shanghai, China. J Ophthalmol 2017; 2017:6186052. [PMID: 29348930 PMCID: PMC5733633 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6186052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the clinical classification and characteristics of hereditary optic neuropathy patients in a single center in China. Method Retrospective case study. Patients diagnosed with hereditary optic neuropathy between January 2014 and December 2015 in the neuro-ophthalmology division in Shanghai Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University were recruited. Clinical features as well as visual field, brain/orbital MRI, and spectrum domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were analyzed. Results Eighty-two patients diagnosed by gene test were evaluated, including 66 males and 16 females. The mean age of the patients was 19.4 years (range, 5–46 years). A total of 158 eyes were analyzed, including 6 unilateral, 61 bilateral, and 15 sequential. The median duration of the disease was 0.5 year (range, 0.1–20 years). Genetic test identified 68 patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, 9 with dominant optic neuropathy, and 2 with a Wolfram gene mutation. There was also one case of hereditary spastic paraplegia, spinocerebellar ataxia, and polymicrogyria with optic nerve atrophy, respectively. Conclusion Leber hereditary optic neuropathy is the most common detected type of hereditary optic neuropathy in Shanghai, China. The detection of other autosomal mutations in hereditary optic neuropathy is limited by the currently available technique.
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Pretegiani E, Rosini F, Rufa A, Gallus G, Cardaioli E, Da Pozzo P, Bianchi S, Serchi V, Collura M, Franceschini R, Bianchi Marzoli S, Dotti M, Federico A. Genotype-phenotype and OCT correlations in Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy related to OPA1 gene mutations: Report of 13 Italian families. J Neurol Sci 2017; 382:29-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ścieżyńska A, Ruszkowska E, Szulborski K, Rydz K, Wierzbowska J, Kosińska J, Rękas M, Płoski R, Szaflik JP, Ołdak M. Processing of OPA1 with a novel N-terminal mutation in patients with autosomal dominant optic atrophy: Escape from nonsense-mediated decay. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183866. [PMID: 28841713 PMCID: PMC5571936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy (ADOA) is the most common dominantly inherited optic neuropathy. In the majority of patients it is caused by OPA1 mutations and those predicted to introduce a premature termination codon (PTC) are frequently detected. Transcripts containing PTC may be degraded by nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), however very little is known about an effect of OPA1 mutations on NMD activation. Here, using a combination of linkage analysis and DNA sequencing, we have identified a novel c.91C>T OPA1 mutation with a putative premature stop codon (Q31*), which segregated with ADOA in two Polish families. At the mRNA level we found no changes in the amount of OPA1 transcript among mutation carriers vs. non-carriers. Specific allele quantification revealed a considerable level of the OPA1 mutant transcript. Our study identifies a novel pathogenic OPA1 mutation and shows that it is located in the transcript region not prone for NMD activation. The data emphasizes the importance of analyzing how mutated genes are being processed in the cell. This gives an insight into the molecular mechanism of a genetic disease and promotes development of innovative therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Ścieżyńska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewelina Ruszkowska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Szulborski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Rydz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Wierzbowska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Kosińska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Rękas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Płoski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Monika Ołdak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail:
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15
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Chun BY, Rizzo JF. Dominant Optic Atrophy and Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy: Update on Clinical Features and Current Therapeutic Approaches. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2017; 24:129-134. [PMID: 28941528 DOI: 10.1016/j.spen.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dominant optic atrophy (DOA) and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) are the two most common inherited optic neuropathies encountered in clinical practice. This review provides a summary of recent advances in the understanding of the clinical manifestations, current treatments, and ongoing clinical trials of these two optic neuropathies. Substantial progress has been made in the understanding of the clinical, genetic, and pathophysiological basis of DOA and LHON. Pathogenic OPA1 gene mutations in DOA and 3 primary mutations of mitochondrial DNA in LHON-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, which in turn leads to increased reactive oxygen species levels in mitochondria and possibly insufficient ATP production. The pathologic hallmark of these inherited optic neuropathies is primary degeneration of retinal ganglion cells, preferentially in the papillomacular bundle, which results in temporal optic disc pallor and central or cecocentral visual loss. There are no effective treatments for patients with LHON and DOA, although clinical trials are underway for the former. Translational research for these diseases is entering an accelerated phase with the availability of animal models, and a variety of pharmacological and genetic therapies are being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Young Chun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Joseph F Rizzo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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16
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Characterization of two novel intronic OPA1 mutations resulting in aberrant pre-mRNA splicing. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:22. [PMID: 28245802 PMCID: PMC5331656 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0383-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report two novel splice region mutations in OPA1 in two unrelated families presenting with autosomal-dominant optic atrophy type 1 (ADOA1) (ADOA or Kjer type optic atrophy). Mutations in OPA1 encoding a mitochondrial inner membrane protein are a major cause of ADOA. METHODS We analyzed two unrelated families including four affected individuals clinically suspicious of ADOA. Standard ocular examinations were performed in affected individuals of both families. All coding exons, as well as exon-intron boundaries of the OPA1 gene were sequenced. In addition, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was performed to uncover copy number variations in OPA1. mRNA processing was monitored using RT-PCR and subsequent cDNA analysis. RESULTS We report two novel splice region mutations in OPA1 in two unrelated individuals and their affected relatives, which were previously not described in the literature. In one family the heterozygous insertion and deletion c.[611-37_611-38insACTGGAGAATGTAAAGGGCTTT;611-6_611-16delCATATTTATCT] was found in all investigated family members leading to the activation of an intronic cryptic splice site. In the second family sequencing of OPA1 disclosed a de novo heterozygous deletion c.2012+4_2012+7delAGTA resulting in exon 18 and 19 skipping, which was not detected in healthy family members. CONCLUSION We identified two novel intronic mutations in OPA1 affecting the correct OPA1 pre-mRNA splicing, which was confirmed by OPA1 cDNA analysis. This study shows the importance of transcript analysis to determine the consequences of unclear intronic mutations in OPA1 in proximity to the intron-exon boundaries.
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17
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Exome sequencing identified a novel de novo OPA1 mutation in a consanguineous family presenting with optic atrophy. Genet Res (Camb) 2016; 98:e10. [PMID: 27265430 DOI: 10.1017/s0016672316000070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited optic neuropathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by mild to severe visual loss, colour vision deficit, central or paracentral visual field defects and optic disc pallor. Optic atrophies can be classified into isolated or non-syndromic and syndromic forms. While multiple modes of inheritance have been reported, autosomal dominant optic atrophy and mitochondrial inherited Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy are the most common forms. Optic atrophy type 1, caused by mutations in the OPA1 gene is believed to be the most common hereditary optic neuropathy, and most patients inherit a mutation from an affected parent. In this study we used whole-exome sequencing to investigate the genetic aetiology in a patient affected with isolated optic atrophy. Since the proband was the only affected individual in his extended family, and was a product of consanguineous marriage, homozygosity mapping followed by whole-exome sequencing were pursued. Exome results identified a novel de novo OPA1 mutation in the proband. We conclude, that though de novo OPA1 mutations are uncommon, testing of common optic atrophy-associated genes such as mitochondrial mutations and OPA1 gene sequencing should be performed first in single individuals presenting with optic neuropathy, even when dominant inheritance is not apparent.
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18
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Genetic Testing for Eye Diseases: A Comprehensive Guide and Review of Ocular Genetic Manifestations from Anterior Segment Malformation to Retinal Dystrophy. CURRENT GENETIC MEDICINE REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40142-016-0087-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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19
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Ahmad KE, Fraser CL, Sue CM, Barton JJS. Beyond what the eye can see. Surv Ophthalmol 2016; 61:674-9. [PMID: 26921807 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A 45-year-old woman presented with acute sequential optic neuropathy resulting in bilateral complete blindness. No significant visual recovery occurred. Past medical history was relevant for severe preeclampsia with resultant renal failure, diabetes mellitus, and sudden bilateral hearing loss when she was 38 years old. There was a family history of diabetes mellitus in her mother. Testing for common causes of bilateral optic neuropathy did not reveal a diagnosis for her illness. The maternal and personal history of diabetes and deafness prompted testing for mitochondrial disease. The 3 primary mitochondrial DNA mutations responsible for Leber hereditary optic neuropathy were absent, but the patient was subsequently found to have a disease causing mitochondrial DNA mutation, m.13513G>A. The case illustrates the importance of early testing for mitochondrial disease and demonstrates that Leber hereditary optic neuropathy-like presentations may be missed if testing is limited to the 3 primary mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate E Ahmad
- Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Clare L Fraser
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Carolyn M Sue
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jason J S Barton
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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20
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Golnik KC. Neuro-Ophthalmology Annual Review. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2015; 4:307-15. [PMID: 26417928 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this review was to update the practicing ophthalmologist on the English language neuro-ophthalmology literature from the past year. DESIGN A review of English language literature from August 1, 2013, to August 1, 2014, was conducted. METHODS The author searched PubMed from August 1, 2013, to August 1, 2014, limited to English language publications including original articles, review articles, and case reports and excluding letters to the editor, unpublished work, and abstracts. The following topics were searched: pupillary abnormalities, eye movement dysfunction, neuromuscular diseases, optic neuropathies, optic neuritis, demyelinating diseases including multiple sclerosis, lesions of the optic chiasm and posterior primary visual pathways, elevated intracranial pressure, tumors and aneurysms affecting the visual pathways, vascular diseases, higher visual function, and neuroimaging advances. The focus of this review is on clinically relevant literature in the past year for the practicing ophthalmologist. The aim was to highlight remarkable and interesting literature rather than exhaustively including all new neuro-ophthalmological publications of the year. RESULTS Initially, more than 11,000 articles were identified. One hundred were selected that met criteria specified above. CONCLUSIONS This review updates the comprehensive ophthalmologist on neuro-ophthalmic topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl C Golnik
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati and the Cincinnati Eye Institute, Cincinnati, OH
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