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Fahnehjelm C, Dafgård Kopp E, Wincent J, Güven E, Nilsson M, Olsson M, Teär Fahnehjelm K. Anophthalmia and microphthalmia in children: associated ocular, somatic and genetic morbidities and quality of life. Ophthalmic Genet 2022; 43:172-183. [PMID: 35105264 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2021.1989600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report ocular outcome, somatic co-morbidities, genetics, and quality of life in children born with anophthalmia (A) or microphthalmia (M). METHODS Thirty-five children (19 boys) with A/M underwent ophthalmological examinations and a review of medical records. Parents of 12/22 cases completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). RESULTS Age at examination ranged from 7 months to 18 years (median 2.3 years). Ten cases were totally blind or had light perception. Isolated A/M occurred in 16/35 cases, while somatic, psychomotor, neuroradiological and/or genetic pathology occurred in 19/35 cases both in the bilateral (7/9) and in the unilateral group (12/26). Among 26 unilateral cases, 4/16 with one normal eye had associated problems compared to 9/10 if the contralateral eye was pathological (p < .01). There was an increased risk for heart defects in children with psychomotor delay (p = .04). Pathogenic genetic abnormalities were identified in 10/24 cases. Neuroimaging demonstrated pathology in 14/20 cases with corpus callosum dysgenesis (6/20) being the most common. The median total PedsQL score of parent reports for ages 2-12 was 52.4 (range 22.6-100). CONCLUSIONS Somatic, psychomotor and/or neuroradiological pathologies were more common in bila-teral than unilateral cases, but the difference was not significant. There was decreased risk in unilateral cases with one normal eye. Genetic defects occurred in both unilateral and bilateral cases. Health-related quality of life was reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Fahnehjelm
- Department of Paediatrics, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Dafgård Kopp
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Oculoplastic and Orbital Services, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Josephine Wincent
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Evin Güven
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology, Strabismus and Electrophysiology, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Monica Olsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology, Strabismus and Electrophysiology, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristina Teär Fahnehjelm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology, Strabismus and Electrophysiology, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Ocular manifestations in Edward's syndrome, a case report and literature review. J Curr Ophthalmol 2017; 29:329-331. [PMID: 29270484 PMCID: PMC5735242 DOI: 10.1016/j.joco.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To report a case with Edward's syndrome and ocular manifestations. Methods A three-year-old female visited our clinic. The diagnosis of Edward's Syndrome was made prior to the ophthalmic visit based on a karyotype study report. Complete ophthalmic evaluations were done for the patient. Results On the initial ophthalmic examination, bilateral ptosis, epicanthal folds, and 40 prism diopters alternate esotropia (ET) were seen. In the fundus examination, decreased red reflexes along with retinal folds, pigmentary retinopathy (patches of hyperpigmentation in the fovea and retinal periphery), and optic disc atrophy in both eyes were seen. Conclusion Our case adds some evidence to the literature that ET may be one of the classic manifestations and anomalies in trisomy 18.
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Correia JD, da Rosa EB, Silveira DB, Correia EPE, Lorenzen MB, Travi GM, Rosa RCM, Zen PRG, Zen TD, Rosa RFM. Trisomy 18 and eye anomalies. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 173:553-555. [PMID: 27792864 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamile D Correia
- Graduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ernani B da Rosa
- Graduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniélle B Silveira
- Graduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Giovanni M Travi
- Pediatric Ophthalmology, Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio (HCSA)/Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Porto Alegre (CHSCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rosana C M Rosa
- Graduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo R G Zen
- Graduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Biosciences, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Clinical Genetics, UFCSPA and CHSCPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana D Zen
- Graduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Pharmacy, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Ritter dos Reis-UniRitter, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael F M Rosa
- Graduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Biosciences, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Clinical Genetics, UFCSPA and CHSCPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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