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Ghasemnejad-Berenji M. Can sulfasalazine as an old drug with immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects be effective in COVID-19? J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 33:113-115. [PMID: 34855313 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2021-0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Gerges SH, Tolba MF, Elsherbiny DA, El-Demerdash E. The natural flavonoid galangin ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice: Effect on Toll-like receptor 4, inflammation and oxidative stress. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 127:10-20. [PMID: 31943791 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of galangin, a promising active principle of honeybee propolis, in dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. We explored the possible underlying mechanisms for galangin action and the therapeutic benefit of adding galangin to the standard therapy sulphasalazine. A galangin dose of 40 mg/kg was selected based on a preliminary dose-selection study for investigation in a 4-week cyclical model of DSS-induced colitis. Mice received 3% DSS in their drinking water during the first and third weeks and were administered the treatments (40 mg/kg galangin, 100 mg/kg sulphasalazine and a combination of 20 mg/kg galangin and 50 mg/kg sulphasalazine) daily starting from the second week. Galangin significantly ameliorated DSS-induced histopathological alterations and tissue injury, down-regulated Toll-like receptor 4 expression, suppressed NF-κB p65 activation, lowered inflammatory cytokine levels and demonstrated antioxidant effects. The combination of galangin and sulphasalazine at half doses yielded comparable results to either drug alone at full dose. This study highlights galangin as a promising therapy for colitis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar H Gerges
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai F Tolba
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa A Elsherbiny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ebtehal El-Demerdash
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ischemic tissue injury contributes to significant morbidity and mortality and is implicated in a range of pathologic conditions, including but not limited to myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and acute kidney injury. The associated reperfusion phase is responsible for the activation of the innate and adaptive immune system, further accentuating inflammation. Adenosine triphosphate molecule has been implicated in various ischemic conditions, including stroke and myocardial infarction. STUDY SELECTION Adenosine triphosphate is a well-defined intracellular energy transfer and is commonly referred to as the body's "energy currency." However, Laboratory studies have demonstrated that extracellular adenosine triphosphate has the ability to initiate inflammation and is therefore referred to as a damage-associated molecular pattern. Purinergic receptors-dependent signaling, proinflammatory cytokine release, increased Ca influx into cells, and subsequent apoptosis have been shown to form a common underlying extracellular adenosine triphosphate molecular mechanism in ischemic organ injury. CONCLUSIONS In this review, we aim to discuss the molecular mechanisms behind adenosine triphosphate-mediated ischemic tissue injury and evaluate the role of extracellular adenosine triphosphate in ischemic injury in specific organs, in order to provide a greater understanding of the pathophysiology of this complex process. We also appraise potential future therapeutic strategies to limit damage in various organs, including the heart, brain, kidneys, and lungs.
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Sarac F, Kilincaslan H, Kilic E, Koldas M, Terzi EH, Aydogdu I. Methylene blue attenuates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. J Pediatr Surg 2015; 50:1067-71. [PMID: 25783339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2014.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In our study, we investigated the effects of methylene blue (MB) on histopathological changes in renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury rat model. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-one Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided equally into three groups. Group 1 (control) was administered intraperitoneal saline solution. In Groups 2 (untreated group) and 3 (MB treatment), the renal arteries were clamped, and ischemia (for 1 hour) and then reperfusion (for 4 hours) were applied. Thirty minutes before ischemia, the untreated group received physiological saline, whereas the treatment group was administered 30 mg/kg MB through an intraperitoneal route. Blood samples were drawn, and renal specimens were harvested 5.5 hours after physiologic saline injection in the control and immediately after the reperfusion period in the other groups. The levels of tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), plasma urea, creatinine and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) were measured. Moreover, the histopathological damage score of the renal tissue was determined. RESULTS MB significantly alleviated the severity of histopathological damage by increasing the levels of tissue SOD and TAS and decreasing TOS concentrations in the renal I/R model (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Administration of MB in renal I/R damage may play a protective role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Sarac
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Haseki Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Huseyin Kilincaslan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Elif Kilic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Macit Koldas
- Department of Biochemistry, Haseki Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Elcin Hakan Terzi
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ibrahim Aydogdu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Ziypak T, Halici Z, Alkan E, Akpinar E, Polat B, Adanur S, Cadirci E, Ferah I, Bayir Y, Karakus E, Mercantepe T. Renoprotective effect of aliskiren on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats: electron microscopy and molecular study. Ren Fail 2014; 37:343-54. [DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2014.991327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Malek M, Nematbakhsh M. The preventive effects of diminazene aceturate in renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in male and female rats. Adv Prev Med 2014; 2014:740647. [PMID: 25478235 PMCID: PMC4247946 DOI: 10.1155/2014/740647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2/angiotensin (1-7)/Mas receptor (ACE2/Ang-1-7/MasR) appears to counteract most of the deleterious actions of angiotensin-converting enzyme/angiotensin II/angiotensin II receptor 1 (ACE/Ang II/AT1R) in renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury but ACE2 activity and its levels are sexually dimorphic in the kidney. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of activation endogenous ACE2 using the diminazene aceturate (DIZE) in renal I/R injury in male and female rats. Methods. 36 Wistar rats were divided into two groups of male and female and each group distinct to three subgroups (n = 6). I/R group was subjected to 45 min of bilateral ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion, while treatment group received DIZE (15 mg/kg/day) for three days before the induction of I/R. The other group was assigned as the sham-operated group. Results. DIZE treatment in male rats caused a significant decrease in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, liver functional indices, serum malondialdehyde (MDA), and increase kidney nitrite levels (P < 0.05), and in female rats a significant increase in creatinine and decrease serum nitrite levels compared to the I/R group (P < 0.05). Conclusions. DIZE may protect the male kidney from renal I/RI through antioxidant activity and elevation of circulating nitrite level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Malek
- Water & Electrolytes Research Center, Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Mehdi Nematbakhsh
- Water & Electrolytes Research Center, Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
- Isfahan MN Institute of Basic & Applied Sciences Research, Isfahan, Iran
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Chacon-Cabrera A, Fermoselle C, Urtreger AJ, Mateu-Jimenez M, Diament MJ, de Kier Joffé EDB, Sandri M, Barreiro E. Pharmacological strategies in lung cancer-induced cachexia: effects on muscle proteolysis, autophagy, structure, and weakness. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:1660-72. [PMID: 24615622 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cachexia is a relevant comorbid condition of chronic diseases including cancer. Inflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, ubiquitin-proteasome system, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) are involved in the pathophysiology of cancer cachexia. Currently available treatment is limited and data demonstrating effectiveness in in vivo models are lacking. Our objectives were to explore in respiratory and limb muscles of lung cancer (LC) cachectic mice whether proteasome, NF-κB, and MAPK inhibitors improve muscle mass and function loss through several molecular mechanisms. Body and muscle weights, limb muscle force, protein degradation and the ubiquitin-proteasome system, signaling pathways, oxidative stress and inflammation, autophagy, contractile and functional proteins, myostatin and myogenin, and muscle structure were evaluated in the diaphragm and gastrocnemius of LC (LP07 adenocarcinoma) bearing cachectic mice (BALB/c), with and without concomitant treatment with NF-κB (sulfasalazine), MAPK (U0126), and proteasome (bortezomib) inhibitors. Compared to control animals, in both respiratory and limb muscles of LC cachectic mice: muscle proteolysis, ubiquitinated proteins, autophagy, myostatin, protein oxidation, FoxO-1, NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, and muscle abnormalities were increased, while myosin, creatine kinase, myogenin, and slow- and fast-twitch muscle fiber size were decreased. Pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK, but not the proteasome system, induced in cancer cachectic animals, a substantial restoration of muscle mass and force through a decrease in muscle protein oxidation and catabolism, myostatin, and autophagy, together with a greater content of myogenin, and contractile and functional proteins. Attenuation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway effects on muscles is beneficial in cancer-induced cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Chacon-Cabrera
- Pulmonology-Lung Cancer Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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Schmiedt C, Nelson S, Brainard B, Brown C, Vandenplas M, Hurley D. Bilateral renal ischemia as a model of acute kidney injury in cats. Res Vet Sci 2012; 93:950-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Revised: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Fouad AA, Al-Mulhim AS, Jresat I, Morsy MA. Protective effects of captopril in diabetic rats exposed to ischemia/reperfusion renal injury. J Pharm Pharmacol 2012; 65:243-52. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2012.01585.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the potential protective effects of captopril, the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, in diabetic rats exposed to ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) renal injury.
Methods
Following successful induction of diabetes, captopril treatment (50 mg/kg/day, p.o.) was applied for 4 weeks, after which bilateral renal ischaemia was induced for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 24 h.
Results
Captopril significantly attenuated hyperglycaemia and hypoinsulinaemia in diabetic rats, and significantly reduced the elevations of serum creatinine and aldosterone levels, and renal malondialdehyde, tumour necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide (NO), and prevented the depletion of reduced glutathione caused by I/R in diabetic rats. Histopathological renal tissue damage induced by I/R in diabetic rats was ameliorated by captopril treatment. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that captopril significantly attenuated the reduction of insulin content in pancreatic islet β-cells, and decreased the I/R-induced expression of inducible NO synthase, nuclear factor-κB, Fas ligand and caspase-3, and increased the expression of survivin and heme oxygenase-1 in the kidney tissue of diabetic rats.
Conclusions
Captopril represents a potential candidate to reduce the risk of renal injury induced by ischaemia/reperfusion in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr A Fouad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pharmacology Division, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Iyad Jresat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pathology Division, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology Division, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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Martínez-Revelles S, Caracuel L, Márquez-Martín A, Dantas A, Oliver E, D'Ocon P, Vila E. Increased endothelin-1 vasoconstriction in mesenteric resistance arteries after superior mesenteric ischaemia-reperfusion. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 165:937-50. [PMID: 21806604 PMCID: PMC3312490 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01617.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Revised: 07/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Endothelin-1 (ET-1) plays an important role in the maintenance of vascular tone. We aimed to evaluate the influence of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) on mesenteric resistance artery vasomotor function and the mechanism involved in the changes in vascular responses to ET-1. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH SMA from male Sprague-Dawley rats was occluded (90 min) and following reperfusion (24h), mesenteric resistance arteries were dissected. Vascular reactivity was studied using wire myography. Protein and mRNA expression, superoxide anion (O(2) (•-) ) production and ET-1 plasma concentration were evaluated by immunofluorescence, real-time quantitative PCR, ethidium fluorescence and elisa, respectively. KEY RESULTS I/R increased ET-1 plasma concentration, ET-1-mediated vasoconstriction and ET(B) mRNA expression, and down-regulated ET(A) mRNA expression. Immunofluorescence confirmed mRNA results and revealed an increase in ET(B) receptors in the mesenteric resistance artery media layer after I/R. Therefore, the ET(B) receptor agonist sarafotoxin-6 induced a contraction that was inhibited by the ET(B) receptor antagonist BQ788 only in vessels, with and without endothelium, from I/R rats. Furthermore, BQ788 potentiated ET-1 vasoconstriction only in sham rats. Endothelium removal in rings from I/R rats unmasked the inhibition of ET-1 vasoconstriction by BQ788. Endothelium removal, N(ω) -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and superoxide dismutase abolished the differences in ET-1 vasoconstriction between sham and I/R rats. We also found that I/R down-regulates endothelial NOS mRNA expression and concomitantly enhanced O(2) (•-) production by increasing NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX-1) and p(47phox) mRNA. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Mesenteric I/R potentiated the ET-1-mediated vasoconstriction by a mechanism that involves up-regulation of muscular ET(B) receptors and decrease in NO bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Martínez-Revelles
- Departament de Farmacologia, Terapèutica i Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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