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Jiang S, Gu L, Hu Y, Ren Y, Yang Z, Chai C, Yu B, Ge H, Cao Z, Zhao F. Inhibition of TRPC6 suppressed TGFβ-induced fibroblast-myofibroblast transdifferentiation in renal interstitial NRK-49F cells. Exp Cell Res 2022; 421:113374. [PMID: 36206825 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a global health concern with limited curative treatment. Canonical transient receptor potential channel 6 (TRPC6), a nonselective cation channel, has been shown to regulate the renal fibrosis in murine models. However, the molecular mechanism is unclear. Fibroblast-myofibroblast transdifferentiation is one of the critical steps in the progression of renal fibrosis. In the present study, we demonstrate that transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 exposure significantly increases the TRPC6 expression in renal interstitial fibroblast NRK-49F cells. Pharmacological inhibition of TRPC6 and knockdown of Trpc6 by siRNA alleviate TGF-β1-increased expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen I, two key markers of myofibroblasts. Although direct activation of TRPC6 by 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol (OAG) does not affect the expression of α-SMA and collagen I, OAG potentiates TGF-β1-induced fibroblast-myofibroblast transdifferentiation. Further study demonstrates that TGF-β1 exposure increases the phosphorylation level of p38 and Yes-associated protein (YAP) translocation into the nuclei. Inhibition of p38 and YAP decreases TGF-β1-enhanced TRPC6 and α-SMA expression. In conclusion, we demonstrate that TRPC6 is a key regulator of TGF-β1-induced fibroblast-myofibroblast transdifferentiation and provides the mechanism of how TGF-β1 exposure regulates TRPC6 expression in NRK-49F fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Lifei Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Yixin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Younan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Chengzhi Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Boyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Haitao Ge
- Jiangsu Suzhong Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Taizhou, Jiangsu, 225500, China
| | - Zhengyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
| | - Fang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
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Zununi Vahed S, Moghaddas Sani H, Haghi M, Mohajel Shoja M, Ardalan M. TRPC6 and NPHS2 gene variants in adult patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in North-West of Iran. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:6339-6344. [PMID: 31529341 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05074-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Podocyte gene mutations and their role in the development of nephrotic syndrome (NS) have been reported in some ethnic groups. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of possible variants in TRCP6 and NPHS2 (podocin) genes and their association with clinical manifestations in a group of adult patients with steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). All participants including 36 patients with SRNS and 71 healthy volunteers were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing. Whole exons of NPHS2 gene and -254 C > G, -218 C > T, and -361 A > T polymorphisms in the promoter of TRPC6 gene were studied. There were no significant differences in the allele and genotype frequencies of aforementioned TRCP6 polymorphisms between cases and controls (P > 0.05). However, four novel polymorphisms including - 257 T > C, - 266 G > A, - 293 G > C, and - 21 G > A found in the promoter region of TRPC6 gene that may be involved in SRNS in our cohort. In NPHS2 gene, three different polymorphisms in the NPHS2 gene were found in 7 patients with FSGS and none of the previously reported risk polymorphisms was detected in our patients. Podocin related mutations are not too much associated with SRNS in adults, but we should consider the possibility of TRPC6 gene mutation in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hakimeh Moghaddas Sani
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Mehdi Haghi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Cao S, Liu YG. [Research advances in the association between transient receptor potential cation channel 6 and kidney disease]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2018; 20:72-76. [PMID: 29335087 PMCID: PMC7390320 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential cation channel 6 (TRPC6) is a member of the transient receptor superfamily encoded by the TRPC6 gene and is widely expressed in tissues and organs of the human body, especially in the glomerular podocytes. TRPC6 interacts with various slit diaphragm (SD) proteins including podocin, nephrin, ACTN4, and CD2AP to maintain the normal structure and function of glomerular podocytes. Foot process fusion caused by podocyte damage due to various factors is the most important morphological change in kidney disease. This article reviews the biological function of TRPC6 and its effect on kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Cao
- Graduate School of Youjiang University for Nationalities, Baise, Gangxi 533000, China.
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Chen SY, Chen CH, Huang YC, Chan CJ, Chen DC, Tsai FJ. Genetic susceptibility to idiopathic membranous nephropathy in high-prevalence Area, Taiwan. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2014; 4:9. [PMID: 25520922 PMCID: PMC4265015 DOI: 10.7603/s40681-014-0009-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (MN) is one common cause of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in adults; 25% of MN patients proceed to end-stage renal disease. In adults, membranous nephropathy is a lead cause of nephrotic syndrome, with about 75% of the cases idiopathic. Secondary causes include autoimmune disease, infection, drugs and malignancy. Three hypotheses about pathogenesis have surfaced: preformed immune complex, in situ immune complex formation, and auto-antibody against podocyte membrane antigen. Pathogenesis does involve immune complex formation with later deposition in sub-epithelial sites, but definite mechanism is still unknown. Several genes were recently proven associated with primary membranous nephropathy in Taiwan: IL-6, NPHS1, TLR-4, TLR-9, STAT4, and MYH9 . These may provide a useful tool for diagnosis and prognosis. This article reviews epidemiology and lends new information on KIRREL2 (rs443186 and rs447707) polymorphisms as underlying causes of MN; polymorphisms revealed by this study warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yin Chen
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ; Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsu Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuen Huang
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Chan
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Da-Chung Chen
- Taiwan LandSeed Hospital, Pingjen City, Taoyuan, Taiwan ; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yuh Der Road, 404, Taichung, Taiwan ; Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Hofstra JM, Coenen MJH, Schijvenaars MMVAP, Berden JHM, van der Vlag J, Hoefsloot LH, Knoers NVAM, Wetzels JFM, Nijenhuis T. TRPC6 single nucleotide polymorphisms and progression of idiopathic membranous nephropathy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102065. [PMID: 25019165 PMCID: PMC4096511 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activating mutations in the Transient Receptor Potential channel C6 (TRPC6) cause autosomal dominant focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS). TRPC6 expression is upregulated in renal biopsies of patients with idiopathic membranous glomerulopathy (iMN) and animal models thereof. In iMN, disease progression is characterized by glomerulosclerosis. In addition, a context-dependent TRPC6 overexpression was recently suggested in complement-mediated podocyte injury in e.g. iMN. Hence, we hypothesized that genetic variants in TRPC6 might affect susceptibility to development or progression of iMN. METHODS & RESULTS Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples of 101 iMN patients and 292 controls. By direct sequencing of the entire TRPC6 gene, 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the iMN cohort, two of which were causing an amino acid substitution (rs3802829; Pro15Ser and rs36111323, Ala404Val). No statistically significant differences in genotypes or allele frequencies between patients and controls were observed. Clinical outcome in patients was determined (remission n = 26, renal failure n = 46, persistent proteinuria n = 29, follow-up median 80 months {range 51-166}). The 13 identified SNPs showed no association with remission or renal failure. There were no differences in genotypes or allele frequencies between patients in remission and progressors. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that TRPC6 polymorphisms do not affect susceptibility to iMN, or clinical outcome in iMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M. Hofstra
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke J. H. Coenen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jo H. M. Berden
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Johan van der Vlag
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lies H. Hoefsloot
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Nine V. A. M. Knoers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jack F. M. Wetzels
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tom Nijenhuis
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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