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Lu Y, Zou T, Wang Z, Yang J, Li L, Guo X, He Q, Chen L, You J. Dietary guanidinoacetic acid improves the growth performance and skeletal muscle development of finishing pigs through changing myogenic gene expression and myofibre characteristics. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 104:1875-1883. [PMID: 32227536 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary guanidine acetic acid (GAA) supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits and the expression of muscle growth-related genes in finishing pigs. A total of 128 (81.03 ± 1.09 kg body weight) crossbred pigs (Duroc × Landrace ×Yorkshire) were blocked by body weight and allotted to 16 pens (eight pigs per pen), and pens were randomly assigned within blocks to one of five dietary treatments, with a basal diet (control group) or a basal diet supplemented with 0.03%, 0.06% and 0.09% GAA respectively. During the 60-day trial, GAA increased the average dairy gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) (p < .05). The back fat thickness of pigs fed 0.06% GAA was lower than other groups (p < .05). Pigs fed 0.06% GAA had improved lean meat percentage, loin muscle area, shear force and cross-sectional area of muscle fibre in comparison with control group (p < .05). The drop loss and the muscle fibre density in pigs fed 0.06% GAA were lower than control (p < .05). In addition, dietary GAA enhanced the expression of myosin heavy chain gene (MYH4), myogenic determination (Myod) and myogenic factor 5 (Myf5) in longissimus dorsi and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1(CPT-1) in liver (p < .05). Meanwhile, GAA decreased the expression of Myostatin in longissimus dorsi and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in liver (p < .05). In conclusion, our results showed that appropriate dietary GAA supplementation (0.06%) promotes skeletal muscle development through changing myogenic gene expression and myofibre characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Lu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of High-Quality and Safety Livestock Production, Nanchang, China
| | - Tiande Zou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of High-Quality and Safety Livestock Production, Nanchang, China
| | - Zirui Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of High-Quality and Safety Livestock Production, Nanchang, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of High-Quality and Safety Livestock Production, Nanchang, China
| | - Lanhai Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of High-Quality and Safety Livestock Production, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaobo Guo
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of High-Quality and Safety Livestock Production, Nanchang, China
| | - Qin He
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of High-Quality and Safety Livestock Production, Nanchang, China
| | - Liling Chen
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of High-Quality and Safety Livestock Production, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinming You
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of High-Quality and Safety Livestock Production, Nanchang, China
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Teng J, Liu M, Su Y, Li K, Sui N, Wang S, Li L, Sun Y, Wang Y. Down-regulation of GRP78 alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury. Int Urol Nephrol 2018; 50:2099-2107. [PMID: 29915879 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-018-1911-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute kidney injury (AKI) is accompanied with life-threatening sepsis. It is necessary to develop effective therapy agent or strategy for treating AKI. LPS is a primary pathogenic factor that induces sepsis. Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is closely related to cell injuries. The objective of this study was to examine the role of GRP78 in LPS-induced AKI. METHODS Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry (FCM) were respectively performed to assess the cell viability and apoptosis. Available commercial kits were used to detect the reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents and the activity of oxidative indicators. The expressions of the relevant factors were determined by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blot. RESULTS The results showed that the expression of GRP78 was apparently increased by LPS treatment, and that the down-regulation of GRP78 by small RNA interference improved the proliferation ability of renal cells in comparison to LPS group. The LPS-induced immune response and oxidative stress was alleviated by the depletion of GRP78. Moreover, the LPS-induced apoptosis was reduced in the GRP78 group by regulating the expression of mitochondrial apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bax) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (CHOP, caspase-12)-associated proteins. In addition, the protective role of GRP78 reduction was partly related to the balance of NF-κB/IκB. CONCLUSIONS Down-regulation of GRP78 attenuated LPS-induced AKI through inhibiting immune response/oxidative stress-associated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Teng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mingjun Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Su
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Na Sui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shibo Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liandi Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yunbo Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongbin Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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C-type natriuretic peptide prevents kidney injury and attenuates oxidative and inflammatory responses in hemorrhagic shock. Amino Acids 2016; 49:347-354. [PMID: 27913992 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-016-2367-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Zhang LM, Song W, Cui H, Xing LQ, Du HB, Cui Y, Chen WH, Zhao ZG, Niu CY. Normal mesenteric lymph ameliorates lipopolysaccharide challenge-induced spleen injury. Acta Cir Bras 2015; 30:604-10. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020150090000004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hao Cui
- Hebei North University, China
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Zhao ZG, Yang LN, Zhao YQ, Niu CY. Mesenteric lymph reperfusion after superior mesenteric artery occlusion shock exacerbates endotoxin translocation in brain. Acta Cir Bras 2014; 29:359-64. [PMID: 24919043 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502014000600002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the role of mesenteric lymph reperfusion (MLR) on endotoxin translocation in brain to discuss the mechanism of brain injury subjected to superior mesenteric artery occlusion (SMAO) shock. METHODS Twenty-four rats were randomly assigned to MLR, SMAO, MLR+SMAO and sham groups. MLR was performed by clamping the mesenteric lymph duct (MLD) for 1 h and then allowing reperfusion for 2 h in the MLR group; SMAO involved clamping the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) for 1 h, followed by reperfusion for 2 h in the SMAO group; occlusion of both the SMA and MLD for 1 h was followed by reperfusion for 2 h in the MLR+SMAO group rats. RESULTS SMAO shock induced severe increased levels of the endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide receptor, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α. Concurrently, MLR after SMAO shock further aggravates these deleterious effects. CONCLUSION Mesenteric lymph reperfusion exacerbated the endotoxin translocation in brain; thereby increased inflammatory response occurred, suggesting that the intestinal lymph pathway plays an important role in the brain injury after superior mesenteric artery occlusion shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-gang Zhao
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Li-na Yang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Yong-quan Zhao
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Chun-yu Niu
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
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Zhang LM, Jiang LJ, Zhao ZG, Niu CY. Mesenteric lymph duct ligation after hemorrhagic shock enhances the ATP level and ATPase activity in rat kidneys. Ren Fail 2014; 36:593-7. [PMID: 24742208 DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2014.882183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney injury commonly occurs following hemorrhagic shock. This study aims to observe the effects of mesenteric lymph duct ligation (MLDL) on the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels and the cell membrane adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity in the kidneys of rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock. METHODS Wistar rats were assigned into sham, shock, and ligation groups. The hemorrhagic shock model was established in the shock and ligation groups, and MLDL was performed in the ligation group after resuscitation. Renal homogenates were prepared to determine the ATP and ATPase levels at 90 min after hemorrhage and at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after resuscitation. RESULTS The ATP levels, and the Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase, Mg(2+)-ATPase, Ca(2+)-ATPase, and Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATPase activities in the renal tissue of the shock group were lower than those in the sham group at the multiple time points. Furthermore, the corresponding values in the ligation group were significantly higher than those in the shock group at multiple time points. CONCLUSION MLDL improves energy metabolism and enhances the ATPase activity in the kidneys of hemorrhagic shock rats, along with other mechanisms that alleviate renal injury after hemorrhagic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Zhang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University , Hebei , PR China and
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Zhang LL, Zhao ZG, Niu CY, Zhang J. Exogenous normal lymph alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury through lessening the adhesion molecules. Acta Cir Bras 2014; 29:287-91. [PMID: 24863315 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502014000500001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the role of exogenous normal lymph (ENL) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rats. METHODS ALI was induced by the jugular vein injection of LPS (iv, 15 mg/kg) in rats of the LPS and LPS+ENL groups within 15 min, then, ENL without cell components (5 ml/kg) was infused at the speed of 0.5 ml per minute in the LPS+ENL group, the same amount of saline was administered in the LPS group. The rats in the sham group received the same surgical procedure and saline. The histomorphology and the levels of P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), myeloperoxidase (MPO) in pulmonary tissue were assessed. RESULTS LPS induced pulmonary injury as well as increased the wet/dry weight ratio (W/D) and the levels of P-selectin, ICAM-1, and MPO in pulmonary tissues. These deleterious effects of LPS were significantly ameliorated by ENL treatment. CONCLUSION Exogenous normal lymph could markedly alleviate the acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide, and its effects might be related to lessening the adhesion molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-li Zhang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Zi-gang Zhao
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Chun-yu Niu
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
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Xu D, Chen M, Ren X, Ren X, Wu Y. Leonurine ameliorates LPS-induced acute kidney injury via suppressing ROS-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway. Fitoterapia 2014; 97:148-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Zhao ZG, Zhang LM, Song W, Du HB, Cui H, Niu CY. Normal mesenteric lymph ameliorates acute kidney injury following lipopolysaccharide challenge in mice. Ren Fail 2014; 36:1304-9. [PMID: 25020070 DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2014.938585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The kidney is one of the prior damaged organs subjected to severe infection and sepsis shock. Our previous studies have shown that the normal mesenteric lymph (NML) obtained from healthy dogs could alleviate multiple organ injuries following endotoxic shock. In the current study, we further investigated the beneficial effect of NML from healthy mice on acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. METHODS The mice in LPS and LPS + NML groups received an intraperitoneal injection of LPS (35 mg/kg). One hour later, the treatment of NML was performed and kept for 6 h. Then, the renal function indices, renal morphology, the levels of phosphorylation mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), markers of sensitization to LPS, as well as pro-inflammatory mediators in renal tissue were observed. RESULTS Intraperitoneal injection of LPS induced an increased level of urea in plasma, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), but no obvious changes in the MAPKs in renal tissue. NML treatment decreased the levels of urea, CD14, TNF-α and IL-6 in mice after LPS injection. CONCLUSION The current results indicate that NML alleviates LPS-induced AKI through its attenuation of sensitization to LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Gang Zhao
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University , Zhangjiakou, Hebei , PR China
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10
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Wang JB, Wang DL, Wang HT, Wang ZH, Wen Y, Sun CM, Zhao YT, Wu J, Liu P. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced reduction of glomerular filtration rate in rats with fulminant hepatic failure. J Transl Med 2014; 94:740-51. [PMID: 24887412 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2014.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of renal failure during fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) or end-stage of liver disease is not fully understood. The present study aims to delineate the mechanisms of decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in acute hepatic failure. A rat model of renal insufficiency in severe liver injury was established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus D-galactosamine (GalN) exposure. GFR was evaluated by continuous infusion of fluorescein isothiocyanate-inulin with implanted micro-osmotic pumps. GalN/LPS intoxication resulted in severe hepatocyte toxicity as evidenced by liver histology and biochemical tests, whereas renal morphology remained normal. GFR was reduced by 33% of the controls 12 h after GalN/LPS exposure, accompanied with a decreased serum sodium levels, a marked increase in serum TNF-α and ET-1 levels as well as significantly upregulated renal type 1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R1) expression. The upregulated IP3R1 expression was abrogated by the treatment of anti-TNF-α antibodies, but not by 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborate (2-APB), which blocks the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate signaling pathway. Treatments with either TNF-α antibodies or 2-APB also significantly improved the compromised GFR, elevated serum urea nitrogen and creatinine levels, and reversed the decrease in glomerular inulin space and the increase in glomerular calcium content in GalN/LPS-exposed rats. The extent of acute liver injury as reflected by serum ALT levels was much more attenuated by anti-TNF-α antibodies than by 2-APB. Liver histology further confirmed that anti-TNF-α antibodies conferred better protection than 2-APB in GalN/LPS-exposed rats. LPS-elicited TNF-α over-production is responsible for decreased GFR through IP3R1 overexpression, and the compromised GFR resulted in the development of acute renal failure in rats with FHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Bo Wang
- 1] Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang City, People's Republic of China [2] Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Sixth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang City, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Lei Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang City, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Tao Wang
- Division of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Shenzhou Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Han Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang City, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang City, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui-Ming Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang City, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Tong Zhao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Sixth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang City, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wu
- 1] Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA [2] Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Fudan University College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang City, People's Republic of China
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Mesenteric lymph drainage alleviates acute kidney injury induced by hemorrhagic shock without resuscitation. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:720836. [PMID: 24723822 PMCID: PMC3956641 DOI: 10.1155/2014/720836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of mesenteric lymph drainage on the acute kidney injury induced by hemorrhagic shock without resuscitation. Eighteen male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham, shock, and drainage groups. The hemorrhagic shock model (40 mmHg, 3 h) was established in shock and drainage groups; mesenteric lymph drainage was performed from 1 h to 3 h of hypotension in the drainage group. The results showed that renal tissue damage occurred; the levels of urea, creatinine, and trypsin in the plasma as well as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), receptor of advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), lactic acid (LA), and 2,3-DPG in the renal tissue were increased in the shock group after 3 h of hypotension. Mesenteric lymph drainage lessened the following: renal tissue damage; urea and trypsin concentrations in the plasma; ICAM-1, RAGE, TNF-α, MDA, and LA levels in the renal tissue. By contrast, mesenteric lymph drainage increased the 2,3-DPG level in the renal tissue. These findings indicated that mesenteric lymph drainage could relieve kidney injury caused by sustained hypotension, and its mechanisms involve the decrease in trypsin activity, suppression of inflammation, alleviation of free radical injury, and improvement of energy metabolism.
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Zhao ZG, Zhang LL, Niu CY, Zhang J. Exogenous normal lymph reduces liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharides in rats. Braz J Med Biol Res 2014; 47:128-34. [PMID: 24519128 PMCID: PMC4051182 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20133280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is one of the target organs damaged by septic shock, wherein the spread
of endotoxins begins. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous
normal lymph (ENL) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury in rats.
Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham, LPS, and LPS+ENL groups. LPS
(15 mg/kg) was administered intravenously via the left jugular vein to the LPS
and LPS+ENL groups. At 15 min after the LPS injection, saline or ENL without
cell components (5 mL/kg) was administered to the LPS and LPS+ENL groups,
respectively, at a rate of 0.5 mL/min. Hepatocellular injury indices and hepatic
histomorphology, as well as levels of P-selectin, intercellular adhesion
molecule 1 (ICAM-1), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and
Na+-K+-ATPase, were assessed in hepatic tissues. Liver
tissue damage occurred after LPS injection. All levels of alanine
aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in plasma as well as
the wet/dry weight ratio of hepatic tissue in plasma increased. Similarly,
P-selectin, ICAM-1, and MPO levels in hepatic tissues were elevated, whereas
Na+-K+-ATPase activity in hepatocytes decreased. ENL
treatment lessened hepatic tissue damage and decreased levels of AST, ALT,
ICAM-1, and MPO. Meanwhile, the treatment increased the activity of
Na+-K+-ATPase. These results indicated that ENL could
alleviate LPS-induced liver injury, thereby suggesting an alternative
therapeutic strategy for the treatment of liver injury accompanied by severe
infection or sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z G Zhao
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China, Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - L L Zhang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China, Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - C Y Niu
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China, Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - J Zhang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China, Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
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