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Trang NM, Vinh LB, Phong NV, Yang SY. Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activities of Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less.: An Updated Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1396. [PMID: 38732642 PMCID: PMC11085347 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. is a perennial herbaceous plant found mainly in tropical areas, particularly in Southeast Asia, South America, and India. Various parts of V. cinerea have traditionally been used in folk medicine to treat several diseases, such as malaria, fever, and liver diseases. V. cinerea has so far yielded about 92 secondary metabolites. The majority of these are sesquiterpene lactones, but triterpenes, flavonoids, steroids, phenolics, and other compounds are present as well. V. cinerea crude extracts reportedly exhibit anti-inflammatory, antiprotozoal, antidiabetic, anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and renoprotective activities. This study aims to provide the latest up-to-date information on the botanical characterization, distribution, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activity of V. cinerea. Information on V. cinerea was thoroughly reviewed. The literature published between 1950 and 2024 was compiled through online bibliographic databases, including SciFinder, Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer Link, Wiley, and the MDPI online library. The keywords used for the literature search included Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. and the synonyms Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H.Rob., Conyza cinerea L., and various others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Minh Trang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea;
| | - Le Ba Vinh
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry (IMBC), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi 10072, Vietnam;
| | - Nguyen Viet Phong
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry (IMBC), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi 10072, Vietnam;
- Department of Biology Education, Teachers College and Institute for Phylogenomics and Evolution, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Young Yang
- Department of Biology Education, Teachers College and Institute for Phylogenomics and Evolution, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Beeran AA, Udupa N, Maliyakkal N. The Dichloromethane Fraction of Vernonia cinerea Impart Pro-Apoptotic, Genotoxic, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Drug Efflux Inhibitory Effects on Human Adenocarcinoma Cells. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2020; 15:239-256. [PMID: 32838722 DOI: 10.2174/1574892815999200824122723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vernonia cinerea (VC) is an important medicinal plant used in the indigenous system of therapy. In ethnomedicine, VC has demonstrated anticancer properties. However, the mechanisms of action VC is not known. OBJECTIVE To establish the anticancer mechanisms of 'bioactive fractions of VC' on human adenocarcinoma cells. METHODS The IC50 values of characterized VC extract and fractions in human adenocarcinoma and normal epithelial cells were determined using Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. Acridine Orange- Ethidium Bromide (AO-EB) assay/Hoechst 33342 assay, Comet assay, and Cell cycle analysis were used to determine apoptosis, genotoxicity, and cell cycle-specific changes in cancer cells, respectively. Rhodamine 123 (Rho-123) efflux assay and Mitoxantrone (MX) efflux assay were used to assess the inhibition of Multidrug Resistance (MDR) transporters. RESULTS The dichloromethane fraction of VC (VC-DM) imparted dose-dependent cytotoxicity in human adenocarcinoma cells with fewer effects in human normal epithelial cells. This 'sesquiterpenoids' enriched fraction (VC-DM) induced apoptosis, DNA damage, genotoxicity, and G2/M phase arrest in human adenocarcinoma cells. Interestingly, VC-DM significantly inhibited the functional activity of MDR transporters (ABCB1 and ABCG2) and caused 'synergistic cytotoxic effects' with anticancer drugs in human adenocarcinoma cells. CONCLUSION The bioactivity guided fractionation of VC revealed that the specific 'sesquiterpenoids enriched fraction' (VC-DM) imparted cytotoxicity in human adenocarcinoma cells with fewer effects on normal cells. Mechanistic studies have shown that VC-DM induced apoptosis, DNA damage, genotoxicity, cell cycle arrest (G2/M), inhibited the functional activity of MDR transporters (ABCB1 and ABCG2), and produced 'synergistic cytotoxic effects' (combinatorial treatments with anticancer drugs) in human adenocarcinoma cells. Taken together, the findings of this study emphasize and validates VC-DM as a promising 'anticancer agent' against human adenocarcinomas, including those with a multi-drug resistant phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmy Appadath Beeran
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Nayanabhirama Udupa
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Naseer Maliyakkal
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Adewole KE. Nigerian antimalarial plants and their anticancer potential: A review. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2020; 18:92-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Vengoji R, Macha MA, Batra SK, Shonka NA. Natural products: a hope for glioblastoma patients. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22194-22219. [PMID: 29774132 PMCID: PMC5955138 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive malignant tumors with an overall dismal survival averaging one year despite multimodality therapeutic interventions including surgery, radiotherapy and concomitant and adjuvant chemotherapy. Few drugs are FDA approved for GBM, and the addition of temozolomide (TMZ) to standard therapy increases the median survival by only 2.5 months. Targeted therapy appeared promising in in vitro monolayer cultures, but disappointed in preclinical and clinical trials, partly due to the poor penetration of drugs through the blood brain barrier (BBB). Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have intrinsic resistance to initial chemoradiation therapy (CRT) and acquire further resistance via deregulation of many signaling pathways. Due to the failure of classical chemotherapies and targeted drugs, research efforts focusing on the use of less toxic agents have increased. Interestingly, multiple natural compounds have shown antitumor and apoptotic effects in TMZ resistant and p53 mutant GBM cell lines and also displayed synergistic effects with TMZ. In this review, we have summarized the current literature on natural products or product analogs used to modulate the BBB permeability, induce cell death, eradicate CSCs and sensitize GBM to CRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghupathy Vengoji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Muzafar A. Macha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Nicole A. Shonka
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology and Hematology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
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Lumlerdkij N, Tantiwongse J, Booranasubkajorn S, Boonrak R, Akarasereenont P, Laohapand T, Heinrich M. Understanding cancer and its treatment in Thai traditional medicine: An ethnopharmacological-anthropological investigation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 216:259-273. [PMID: 29409982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Thai traditional medicine (TTM) is widely practiced in Thailand and continues to gain importance in cancer management, but little is known about the TTM practitioners' emic concepts and practice. AIM OF THE STUDY With this study we firstly aim to document the practice of cancer treatment and prevention by TTM practitioners and, secondly, to evaluate how such traditional concepts and practices are correlated with biomedical ones. This in turn can form the basis for developing novel strategies for designing pharmacological experiments and longer term strategies to develop TTM practice. METHODS Semi-structured interviews with 33 TTM practitioners were performed in five provinces in different regions of Thailand. The following information were recorded; basic information of informants, descriptions of cancer (mareng in Thai), causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Plants used in the treatment and prevention of mareng were also collected. RESULTS Using an in depth ethnographic approach four representative case studies to assist in a better understanding of the characteristics of mareng, its diagnosis, treatment, and prevention are reported here. Five characteristics of mareng - waste accumulation (khong sia), chronic illnesses (krasai), inflammation (kan aksep), bad blood (luead) and lymph (namlueang), and the imbalance of four basic elements (dhātu si) - have been identified. Explanatory models of cancer in TTM were linked with biomedical concepts and relevant pharmacological actions. Traditional uses and available scientific evidence of medicinal plants mentioned in the case studies for the treatment or prevention of mareng are presented and discussed. CONCLUSION Here for the first time five main characteristics of cancer based on Thai traditional medical concepts are analysed. Our findings are relevant not only for the planning of clinical studies or pharmacological experiment in the search for novel compounds for cancer treatment and prevention, but also for the integration of Thai traditional medicine in cancer care.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Anthropology, Medical
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Asian People/psychology
- Cultural Characteristics
- Ethnopharmacology
- Female
- Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice/ethnology
- Humans
- Interviews as Topic
- Male
- Medicine, Traditional
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Phytotherapy
- Plant Extracts/adverse effects
- Plant Extracts/isolation & purification
- Plant Extracts/therapeutic use
- Plants, Medicinal/adverse effects
- Plants, Medicinal/chemistry
- Plants, Medicinal/classification
- Thailand
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Affiliation(s)
- Natchagorn Lumlerdkij
- Center of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Research Group Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - Jaturapat Tantiwongse
- Center of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Suksalin Booranasubkajorn
- Center of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Ranida Boonrak
- Center of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Pravit Akarasereenont
- Center of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Tawee Laohapand
- Center of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Michael Heinrich
- Research Group Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
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Murali VP, Kuttan G. Curculigoside augments cell-mediated immune responses in metastatic tumor-bearing animals. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2016; 38:264-9. [PMID: 27228189 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2016.1188401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A positive modulation of immune system is necessary for preparing the body to fight against malignant tumor cells. In the present study, the stimulatory effect of Curculigoside on cell-mediated immune response against the metastasis of B16F10 melanoma cells was analyzed in C57BL/6 mice. Curculigoside is a phenolic glucoside present in the plant Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. (Family - Amaryllidaceae). Administration of Curculigoside enhanced the natural killer (NK) cell activity, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-mediated cytotoxicity in metastatic tumor-bearing animals, when compared to the untreated control animals. The compound was also found to be effective in reducing the levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and GM-CSF during metastasis. Besides these, levels of TH1 cytokines, such as IL-2 and IFN-γ, were significantly enhanced (p < 0.001) by Curculigoside administration and thereby reduces the metastatic lung colony formation along with an increased lifespan of the experimental animals. These studies provide an evidence for the stimulation of cell-mediated immune responses by Curculigoside against B16F10-induced metastatic tumor progression in experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Priya Murali
- a Department of Immunology , Amala Cancer Research Centre, Affiliated to the University of Calicut , Thrissur , Kerala State , India
| | - Girija Kuttan
- a Department of Immunology , Amala Cancer Research Centre, Affiliated to the University of Calicut , Thrissur , Kerala State , India
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Costantino VV, Lobos-Gonzalez L, Ibañez J, Fernandez D, Cuello-Carrión FD, Valenzuela MA, Barbieri MA, Semino SN, Jahn GA, Quest AFG, Lopez LA. Dehydroleucodine inhibits tumor growth in a preclinical melanoma model by inducing cell cycle arrest, senescence and apoptosis. Cancer Lett 2015; 372:10-23. [PMID: 26718258 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma represents the fastest growing public health risk of all cancer types worldwide. Several strategies and anti-cancer drugs have been used in an effort to improve treatments, but the development of resistance to anti-neoplastic drugs remains the major cause of chemotherapy failure in melanomas. Previously, we showed that the sesquiterpene lactone, dehydroleucodine (DhL), promotes the accumulation of DNA damage markers, such as H2AX and 53BP1, in human tumor cells. Also DhL was shown to trigger either cell senescence or apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner in HeLa and MCF7 cells. Here, we evaluated the effects of DhL on B16F0 mouse melanoma cells in vitro and in a pre-clinical melanoma model. DhL inhibited the proliferation of B16F0 cells by inducing senescence or apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Also, DhL reduced the expression of the cell cycle proteins cyclin D1 and B1 and the inhibitor of apoptosis protein, survivin. In melanomas generated by subcutaneous injection of B16F0 cells into C57/BL6 mice, the treatment with 20 mg DhL /Kg/day in preventive, simultaneous and therapeutic protocols reduced tumor volumes by 70%, 60% and 50%, respectively. DhL treatments reduced the number of proliferating, while increasing the number of senescent and apoptotic tumor cells. To estimate the long-term effects of DhL, a mathematical model was applied to fit experimental data. Extrapolation beyond experimental time points revealed that DhL administration following preventive and therapeutic protocols is predicted to be more effective than simultaneous treatments with DhL in restricting tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria V Costantino
- Laboratory of Cell Cycle and Cytoskeleton, Instituto de Histología y Embriología Dr. M. H. Burgos (IHEM-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Lorena Lobos-Gonzalez
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), School of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Jorge Ibañez
- Laboratory of Cell Cycle and Cytoskeleton, Instituto de Histología y Embriología Dr. M. H. Burgos (IHEM-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Dario Fernandez
- Laboratory of Cell Cycle and Cytoskeleton, Instituto de Histología y Embriología Dr. M. H. Burgos (IHEM-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - F Darío Cuello-Carrión
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo IMBECU-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Manuel A Valenzuela
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), School of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Manuel A Barbieri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Silvana N Semino
- Laboratory of Cell Cycle and Cytoskeleton, Instituto de Histología y Embriología Dr. M. H. Burgos (IHEM-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Graciela A Jahn
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo IMBECU-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Andrew F G Quest
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), School of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile.
| | - Luis A Lopez
- Laboratory of Cell Cycle and Cytoskeleton, Instituto de Histología y Embriología Dr. M. H. Burgos (IHEM-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina.
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Abay SM, Lucantoni L, Dahiya N, Dori G, Dembo EG, Esposito F, Lupidi G, Ogboi S, Ouédraogo RK, Sinisi A, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Yerbanga RS, Bramucci M, Quassinti L, Ouédraogo JB, Christophides G, Habluetzel A. Plasmodium transmission blocking activities of Vernonia amygdalina extracts and isolated compounds. Malar J 2015. [PMID: 26208861 PMCID: PMC4513948 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-015-0812-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Medicinal plants are a validated source for discovery of new leads and standardized herbal medicines. The aim of this study was to assess the activity of Vernoniaamygdalina leaf extracts and isolated compounds against gametocytes and sporogonic stages of Plasmodiumberghei and to validate the findings on field isolates of Plasmodium falciparum. Methods Aqueous (Ver-H2O) and ethanolic (Ver-EtOH) leaf extracts were tested in vivo for activity against sexual and asexual blood stage P. berghei parasites. In vivo transmission blocking effects of Ver-EtOH and Ver-H2O were estimated by assessing P. berghei oocyst prevalence and density in Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. Activity targeting early sporogonic stages (ESS), namely gametes, zygotes and ookinetes was assessed in vitro using P. berghei CTRPp.GFP strain. Bioassay guided fractionation was performed to characterize V.amygdalina fractions and molecules for anti-ESS activity. Fractions active against ESS of the murine parasite were tested for ex vivo transmission blocking activity on P.falciparum field isolates. Cytotoxic effects of extracts and isolated compounds vernolide and vernodalol were evaluated on the human cell lines HCT116 and EA.hy926. Results Ver-H2O reduced the P. berghei macrogametocyte density in mice by about 50% and Ver-EtOH reduced P. berghei oocyst prevalence and density by 27 and 90%, respectively, in An.stephensi mosquitoes. Ver-EtOH inhibited almost completely (>90%) ESS development in vitro at 50 μg/mL. At this concentration, four fractions obtained from the ethylacetate phase of the methanol extract displayed inhibitory activity >90% against ESS. Three tested fractions were also found active against field isolates of the human parasite P. falciparum, reducing oocyst prevalence in Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes to one-half and oocyst density to one-fourth of controls. The molecules and fractions displayed considerable cytotoxicity on the two tested cell-lines. Conclusions Vernonia amygdalina leaves contain molecules affecting multiple stages of Plasmodium, evidencing its potential for drug discovery. Chemical modification of the identified hit molecules, in particular vernodalol, could generate a library of druggable sesquiterpene lactones. The development of a multistage phytomedicine designed as preventive treatment to complement existing malaria control tools appears a challenging but feasible goal. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-015-0812-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon M Abay
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy. .,School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Leonardo Lucantoni
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy. .,Discovery Biology, Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
| | - Nisha Dahiya
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Geme Dori
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Edson G Dembo
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Fulvio Esposito
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Guilio Lupidi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Sonny Ogboi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Robert K Ouédraogo
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy. .,Institut de Recherche enSciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
| | - Annamaria Sinisi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | | | - R Serge Yerbanga
- Institut de Recherche enSciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
| | - Massimo Bramucci
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Luana Quassinti
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Jean Bosco Ouédraogo
- Institut de Recherche enSciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
| | | | - Annette Habluetzel
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
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Dogra NK, Kumar S. A review on ethno-medicinal uses and pharmacology ofVernonia cinereaLess. Nat Prod Res 2014; 29:1102-17. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.981814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Youn UJ, Miklossy G, Chai X, Wongwiwatthananukit S, Toyama O, Songsak T, Turkson J, Chang LC. Bioactive sesquiterpene lactones and other compounds isolated from Vernonia cinerea. Fitoterapia 2013; 93:194-200. [PMID: 24370662 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Four new sesquiterpene lactones, 8α-(2'Z-tigloyloxy)-hirsutinolide (1), 8α-(2'Z-tigloyloxy)-hirsutinolide-13-O-acetate (2), 8α-(4-hydroxytigloyloxy)-hirsutinolide (3), and 8α-hydroxy-13-O-tigloyl-hirsutinolide (4), along with seven known derivatives (5-11), three norisoprenoids (12-14), a flavonoid (15), and a linoleic acid derivative (16), were isolated from the chloroform partition of a methanol extract from the combined leaves and stems of Vernonia cinerea. Their structures were established by 1D and 2D NMR, UV, and MS analyses. Compounds 1-16 were evaluated for their inhibitory effects against the viability of U251MG glioblastoma and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells that harbour aberrantly-active STAT3, compared to normal NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts that show no evidence of activated STAT3. Among the isolates, compounds 2 and 7 inhibited the aberrant STAT3 activity in glioblastoma or breast cancer cells. Further, compounds 7 and 8 inhibited viability of all three cell lines, compounds 2, 4, and 9 predominantly inhibited the viability of the U251MG glioblastoma cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ui Joung Youn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, HI, 96720, United States
| | - Gabriella Miklossy
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics Programs, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, United States
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, HI, 96720, United States
| | - Supakit Wongwiwatthananukit
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, HI, 96720, United States
| | - Onoomar Toyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Thanapat Songsak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathumtani 12000, Thailand
| | - James Turkson
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics Programs, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, United States
| | - Leng Chee Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, HI, 96720, United States.
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Toyang NJ, Verpoorte R. A review of the medicinal potentials of plants of the genus Vernonia (Asteraceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 146:681-723. [PMID: 23395623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Vernonia genus has about one thousand species and members of the genus are widely used as food and medicine. The aim of this review is to analyze published data on the ethnomedicinal, ethnoveterinary and zoopharmacognostic uses of plants of the Vernonia genus. This will help to identify the state of ethnopharmacological knowledge in regard to this genus and to propose future research priorities. MATERIALS AND METHODS The major scientific databases including SciFinder, Sciencedirect, Medline and Google Scholar were queried for information on Vernonia genus using various keyword combinations. The International Plant Name Index was also used to verify the names of species and authors. RESULTS A total of 109 Vernonia species were reported in the literature to have medicinal properties. One hundred and five (105) plants were linked to the treatment or management of 44 human diseases or health conditions. Plants of the genus also feature in ethnoveterinary and zoopharmacognostic practices. A total of 12 vernonia species were identified to be used in ethnoveterinary medicine while 2 species are used in self medication practices by chimpanzees and gorillas. In vitro and in vivo research studies reporting the validation of the medicinal properties of some species were also reviewed. One hundred and three bioactive compounds isolated from various Vernonia species were also identified. Vernonia amygdalina was identified as the most frequently used member of the Vernonia genus. The Vernolides, a class of sesquiterpene lactone were identified as the most studied compounds from the genus and show interesting bioactivity in antiplasmodial, antileishmanial, antischistosomial, cytotoxicity, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory assays. CONCLUSION On the basis of results from a combination of in vitro and in vivo efficacy and toxicity studies reported, Vernonia amygdalina holds the most promise for development into a nutraceutical against diabetes and malaria while Vernonia cinerea has potential against cancer and inflammatory conditions. Vernolide A is so far the most promising single agent from a Vernonia species that has potential for development into an anticancer agent. The other Vernonia species and isolated compounds require further studies to ascertain their medicinal potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngeh J Toyang
- Virgin Botanicals & Biotech Inc. Columbia, MD, USA; Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Youn UJ, Park EJ, Kondratyuk TP, Simmons CJ, Borris RP, Tanamatayarat P, Wongwiwatthananukit S, Toyama O, Songsak T, Pezzuto JM, Chang LC. Anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene lactones from the flower of Vernonia cinerea. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:5559-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Anvekar RA, Asciolla JJ, Missert DJ, Chipuk JE. Born to be alive: a role for the BCL-2 family in melanoma tumor cell survival, apoptosis, and treatment. Front Oncol 2011; 1. [PMID: 22268005 PMCID: PMC3260552 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2011.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The global incidence of melanoma has dramatically increased during the recent decades, yet the advancement of primary and adjuvant therapies has not kept a similar pace. The development of melanoma is often centered on cellular signaling that hyper-activates survival pathways, while inducing a concomitant blockade to cell death. Aberrations in cell death signaling not only promote tumor survival and enhanced metastatic potential, but also create resistance to anti-tumor strategies. Chemotherapeutic agents target melanoma tumor cells by inducing a form of cell death called apoptosis, which is governed by the BCL-2 family of proteins. The BCL-2 family is comprised of anti-apoptotic proteins (e.g., BCL-2, BCL-xL, and MCL-1) and pro-apoptotic proteins (e.g., BAK, BAX, and BIM), and their coordinated regulation and function are essential for optimal responses to chemotherapeutics. Here we will discuss what is currently known about the mechanisms of BCL-2 family function with a focus on the signaling pathways that maintain melanoma tumor cell survival. Importantly, we will critically evaluate the literature regarding how chemotherapeutic strategies directly impact on BCL-2 family function and offer several suggestions for future regimens to target melanoma and enhance patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina A Anvekar
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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