Liposomes as Immunoadjuvants for Saccharide Antigens

Lipid and carbohydrate based adjuvant/carriers in immunology

This review discusses various issues regarding vaccines; what are they and how they work, safety aspects, the role of adjuvants and carriers in vaccination, synthetic peptides as immunogens, and new technologies for vaccine development and delivery including the identification of novel adjuvants for mucosal vaccine delivery. There has been a recent increase of interest in the use of lipids and carbohydrates as adjuvants, and so a particular emphasis is placed on adjuvants derived from lipids or carbohydrates, or from both.

A simple synthesis of 8-(methoxycarbonyl)octyl 3,6-di-O-(alpha-D-mannopyranosyl)-alpha-D-mannopyranoside and derivatives and their use in the preparation of neoglycoconjugates

8-(Methoxycarbonyl)octyl 3,6-di-O-(alpha-D-mannopyranosyl)-alpha-D-mannopyranoside (10) was synthesized in 54% yield by regioselective diglycosylation of unprotected mannoside 4, employing the trichloroacetimidate donor 1, followed by debenzoylation. Derivatives of compounds 4 and 10 were used to prepare conjugates containing fluorochromes for the study of carbohydrate-lectin interactions, as well as conjugates with phospholipids for the preparation of liposomes.