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de Moraes Meine B, Bona NP, Luduvico KP, de Souza Cardoso J, Spohr L, de Souza AÁ, Spanevello RM, Soares MSP, Stefanello FM. Ameliorative effect of tannic acid on hypermethioninemia-induced oxidative and nitrosative damage in rats: biochemical-based evidences in liver, kidney, brain, and serum. Amino Acids 2020; 52:1545-1558. [PMID: 33184691 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-020-02913-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the ability of tannic acid (TA) to prevent oxidative and nitrosative damage in the brain, liver, kidney, and serum of a rat model of acute hypermethioninemia. Young Wistar rats were divided into four groups: I (control), II (TA 30 mg/kg), III (methionine (Met) 0.4 g/kg + methionine sulfoxide (MetO) 0.1 g/kg), and IV (TA/Met + MetO). Rats in groups II and IV received TA orally for seven days, and rats of groups I and III received an equal volume of water. After pretreatment with TA, rats from groups II and IV received a single subcutaneous injection of Met + MetO, and were euthanized 3 h afterwards. In specific brain structures and the kidneys, we observed that Met + MetO led to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitrite, and lipid peroxidation levels, followed by a reduction in thiol content and antioxidant enzyme activity. On the other hand, pretreatment with TA prevented both oxidative and nitrosative damage. In the serum, Met + MetO caused a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, which was again prevented by TA pretreatment. In contrast, in the liver, there was a reduction in ROS levels and an increase in total thiol content, which was accompanied by a reduction in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in the Met + MetO group, and pretreatment with TA was able to prevent only the reduction in catalase activity. Conclusively, pretreatment with TA has proven effective in preventing oxidative and nitrosative changes caused by the administration of Met + MetO, and may thus represent an adjunctive therapeutic approach for treatment of hypermethioninemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo de Moraes Meine
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Natália Pontes Bona
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Karina Pereira Luduvico
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliane de Souza Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiza Spohr
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Anita Ávila de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Roselia Maria Spanevello
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Mayara Sandrielly Pereira Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil.
| | - Francieli Moro Stefanello
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Olas B. The multifunctionality of berries toward blood platelets and the role of berry phenolics in cardiovascular disorders. Platelets 2016; 28:540-549. [PMID: 27778523 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2016.1235689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diet and nutrition have an important influence on the prophylaxis and progression of cardiovascular disease; one example is the inhibition of blood platelet functions by specific components of fruits and vegetables. Garlic, onion, ginger, dark chocolate and polyunsaturated fatty acids all reduce blood platelet aggregation. A number of fruits contain a range of cardioprotective antioxidants and vitamins, together with a large number of non-nutrient phytochemicals such as phenolic compounds, which may possess both antioxidant properties and anti-platelet activity. Fresh berries and berry extracts possess high concentrations of phenolic compounds, i.e. phenolic acid, stilbenoids, flavonoids and lignans. The aim of this review article is to provide an overview of current knowledge of the anti-platelet activity of berries, which form an integral part of the human diet. It describes the effects of phenolic compounds present in a number of berries, i.e. black chokeberries - aronia berries (Aronia melanocarpa), blueberries (Vaccinium myrtillus), cranberries (Vaccinium sect. Oxycoccus), sea buckthorn berries (Hippophae rhamnoides) and grapes (Vitis), as well as various commercial products from berries (i.e. juices), on platelets and underlying mechanisms. Studies show that the effects of berries on platelet activity are dependent on not only the concentrations of the phenolic compounds in the berries or the class of phenolic compounds, but also the types of berry and the form (fresh berry, juice or medicinal product). Different results indicate that berries may play a role in the prevention of cardiovascular disorders, but the development of well-controlled clinical studies with berries is encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Olas
- a Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection , University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland
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Jayakumar T, Yang CH, Geraldine P, Yen TL, Sheu JR. The pharmacodynamics of antiplatelet compounds in thrombosis treatment. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 12:615-32. [DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2016.1176141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thanasekaran Jayakumar
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pitchairaj Geraldine
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Ting-Lin Yen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Joen-Rong Sheu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
Oxidative stress is considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes-induced cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is invariably associated with abnormal blood lipid profile, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Stress, smoking, high saturated fat intake as well as low fruit and vegetable intakes have been shown to increase oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia, which increase the predisposition of diabetic subjects to atherosclerosis, stroke and coronary heart disease. The oxidation of low-density lipoprotein by oxidative stress is essential for the development of atherosclerosis, and the reduction in oxidative stress as well as blood glucose and cholesterol is considered critical for the prevention of diabetes-induced CVD. Although epidemiological studies have demonstrated that vitamin C and vitamin E decrease the incidence of coronary heart disease, different clinical trials have failed to support the beneficial effect of these antioxidants. Nonetheless, it has been suggested that natural forms of these vitamins may be more efficacious than synthetic vitamins, and this may explain the inconsistencies in results. Antioxidants, N-acetyl-L-cysteine and resveratrol, have also been shown to attenuate the diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications. It has been indicated that the antioxidant therapy may be effective in a prevention strategy rather than as a treatment for CVD. The evidence presented here supports the view that cardiovascular complications in diabetes may be induced by oxidative stress and appropriate antioxidant therapy may be promising for attenuating the progression of diabetes-induced CVD.
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Tomczynska M, Malinowska J, Morel A, Hamed AI, Oleszek W, Stochmal A, Olas B. Comparative antiadhesive properties of crude extract and phenolic fraction isolated from aerial parts of Tribulus pterocarpus during severe hyperhomocysteinemia. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 56:266-71. [PMID: 23376508 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The phenolic fraction and the crude extract from Tribulus pterocarpus have different biological activity, including antiplatelet-antiadhesive properties. Since it is demonstrated that hyperhomocysteinemia may act as stimulator of blood platelet activation (platelet adhesion, aggregation, and secretion), but various antiplatelet compounds are able to reduce hyperactivation of blood platelets induced by hyperhomocysteinemia. The aim of our present experiments was to investigate in vitro one of the step in platelet activation process - platelet adhesion to collagen induced by the model of severe hyperhomocyateinemia in the presence of the phenolic fraction and the crude extract from T. pterocarpus. Severe hyperhomocysteinemia was induced by reduced form of Hcy in the concentrations 0.1mM and 1mM, or using HTL in the concentrations 0.1, 0.5 and 1 μM. Adhesion of blood platelets to collagen was determined according to Tuszynski and Murphy. We observed that the phenolic fraction and the crude extract from T. pterocarpus have the inhibitory effect on platelet adhesion during severe hyperhomocysteinemia. The action of tested phenolic and crude extract was concentration-dependent, but the phenolic fraction was stronger antiadhesive action than the crude extract. We suggest that T. pterocarpus may be good source of antiplatelet compounds during hyperhomocysteinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Tomczynska
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/3, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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Koz ST, Etem EO, Baydas G, Yuce H, Ozercan HI, Kuloğlu T, Koz S, Etem A, Demir N. Effects of resveratrol on blood homocysteine level, on homocysteine induced oxidative stress, apoptosis and cognitive dysfunctions in rats. Brain Res 2012; 1484:29-38. [PMID: 22995369 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to examine the protective effects of resveratrol against homocysteine induced oxidative stress, apoptosis and cognitive impairment. Rats were randomly divided into three groups. Control group received standard rat food; homocysteine group (Hcy group) received daily methionine at a dose of 1g/kg-body weight dissolved in drinking water for thirty days; third group (Hcy+Res group) received same amount of methionine plus 20mg/kg/day resveratrol intraperitoneally for thirty days. Cognitive performances of the animals were tested by Morris water maze test. Then all animals were sacrificed to study lipid peroxidation (LPO), DNA fragmentation and p53 mRNA expression in the rat brain. The aortas of the sacrificed rats were processed for histopathological examination. Apoptosis in the aortas was assessed by TUNEL staining. Resveratrol significantly decreased serum levels of homocysteine, reversed Hcy induced LPO increase, decreased DNA fragmentation and p53 mRNA expression in the rat brains, and improved homocysteine induced impairment of long term spatial memory. Resveratrol could inhibit homocysteine induced apoptosis and histopathological deterioration in the rat aortic sections. In conclusion, resveratrol is effective in preventing homocysteine induced vascular and neural defects. In hyperhomocysteinemic rat model, our findings consequently warrant in future studies to reveal the true improvement mechanism of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Tulay Koz
- Malatya State Hospital, Laboratory Department, 44000 Malatya, Turkey.
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Malinowska J, Kołodziejczyk-Czepas J, Moniuszko-Szajwaj B, Kowalska I, Oleszek W, Stochmal A, Olas B. Phenolic fractions from Trifolium pallidum and Trifolium scabrum aerial parts in human plasma protect against changes induced by hyperhomocysteinemia in vitro. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:4023-7. [PMID: 22898612 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Elevated concentration of homocysteine (Hcy) in human plasma, defined as hyperhomocysteinemia has been correlated with some diseases, such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and kidney disorders. Homocysteine occurs in human plasma in several forms, including the most reactive form of Hcy - its cyclic thioester - homocysteine thiolactone (HTL), which represents up to 0.29% of plasma total Hcy. It is suggested that Hcy and HTL may also act as oxidants, but various polyphenolic antioxidants are able to inhibit the oxidative damage induced by Hcy or HTL. The aim of our present study was to investigate in vitro oxidative changes in human plasma induced by the model of hyperhomocysteinemia in the presence of the phenolic fractions from selected clovers (Trifolium pallidum and Trifolium scabrum aerial parts). Hyperhomocysteinemia was stimulated by a reduced form of Hcy (final dose 100 μM) or HTL (final dose 1 μM). The aim of our study was also to explain the effect of the phenolic fractions on the coagulation activity of human plasma treated with Hcy and its thiolactone. Tested phenolic fractions significantly inhibited the oxidative stress (measured by the total antioxidant level - TAS) in plasma treated with Hcy or HTL. The phenolic fractions from T. pallidum and T. scabrum also caused a distinct reduction of plasma lipid peroxidation (measured by the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance) induced by the model of hyperhomocysteinemia. Moreover, tested fractions modulated the coagulation properties of plasma treated with homocysteine and its thiolactone. It seems that antioxidative activities of the phenolic fractions from T. pallidum and T. scabrum aerial parts may be responsible for their medicinal properties during hyperhomocysteinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Malinowska
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/3, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
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Malinowska J, Oleszek W, Stochmal A, Olas B. The polyphenol-rich extracts from black chokeberry and grape seeds impair changes in the platelet adhesion and aggregation induced by a model of hyperhomocysteinemia. Eur J Nutr 2012; 52:1049-57. [PMID: 22810463 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-012-0411-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mechanism action of the polyphenol-rich extracts from berries of Aronia melanocarpa (black chokeberry) and from grape seeds in the defence against homocysteine (Hcy) and its derivatives action in blood platelets is still unknown. In this study, the influence of the aronia extract and grape seeds extract (GSE) on the platelet adhesion to collagen and fibrinogen and the platelet aggregation during a model of hyperhomocysteinemia was investigated. The aim of our study in vitro was also to investigate superoxide anion radicals (O₂⁻•) production after incubation of platelets with Hcy, HTL and the aronia extract and GSE during a model of hyperhomocysteinemia (induced by reduced form of homocysteine at final dose of 100 μM) and the most reactive form of Hcy--its cyclic thioester, homocysteine thiolactone (HTL, 1 μM). Moreover, the additional aim of our study was also to establish and compare the influence of the aronia extract, GSE and resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxystilben), a phenolic compound, which has been supposed to be beneficial for the prevention of cardiovascular events, on selected steps of platelet activation. METHODS The effects of tested extracts on adhesion of blood platelets to collagen and fibrinogen were determined according to Tuszynski and Murphy. The platelet aggregation was determined by turbidimetry method using a Chrono-log Lumi-aggregometer. RESULTS We have observed that HTL, like its precursor-Hcy stimulated the generation of O₂⁻• (measured by the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c) in platelets and caused an augmentation of the platelet adhesion and aggregation induced by the strong physiological agonist-thrombin. Our present results in vitro also demonstrated that the aronia extract and grape seeds extract reduced the toxicity action of Hcy and HTL on blood platelet adhesion to collagen and fibrinogen, the platelet aggregation and superoxide anion radicals production in platelets, suggesting its potential protective effects on hemostasis during hyperhomocysteinemia. CONCLUSION In the comparative studies, the aronia extract was found to be more effective antiplatelet factors, than GSE or resveratrol during a model of hyperhomocysteinemia. It gives hopes for development of diet supplements, which may be important during hyperhomocysteinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Malinowska
- Department of General Biochemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland.
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Stockley CS. Is it merely a myth that alcoholic beverages such as red wine can be cardioprotective? JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2012; 92:1815-1821. [PMID: 22505227 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Revised: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that although the negative impact of alcohol consumption varies from person to person, on a global level the adverse effect of alcohol on cardiovascular disease outweighs any protective effect by between two- and three-fold. This is inaccurate. There is a proven positive relationship between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease that is acknowledged by the World Health Organization. For example, moderate alcohol consumption reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease by approximately 25%, such that alcohol consumption per se accounts for -4.7% of the total cardiovascular disease burden in Australia. Correspondingly, cardiovascular disease accounted for 34% of the total number of deaths in Australia in 2008, and 18% of the overall burden of disease in Australia in 2003, with coronary heart disease and stroke contributing over 80% of this burden. Australia is not substantially different from other developed countries having similar demographics to, and the same leading causes of burden as, other high-income developed countries. This article examines the suggestions and evidence surrounding the relationship between light-to-moderate alcohol consumption and benefits to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Creina S Stockley
- Australian Wine Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
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Dietrich-Muszalska A, Malinowska J, Olas B, Głowacki R, Bald E, Wachowicz B, Rabe-Jabłońska J. The oxidative stress may be induced by the elevated homocysteine in schizophrenic patients. Neurochem Res 2012; 37:1057-62. [PMID: 22270909 PMCID: PMC3321271 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-012-0707-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Revised: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of oxidative stress in schizophrenic patients are not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the effect of elevated level of homocysteine (Hcys) on some parameters of oxidative stress, namely thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), an index of lipid peroxidation in plasma, the level of carbonyl groups in plasma proteins, as well as the amount of 3-nitrotyrosine in plasma proteins isolated from schizophrenic patients. Patients hospitalised in I and II Psychiatric Department of Medical University in Lodz, Poland were interviewed with special questionnaire (treatment, course of diseases, dyskinesis and other EPS). According to DSM-IV criteria all patients had diagnosis of paranoid type. They were treated with antipsychotic drugs (clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine). Mean time of schizophrenia duration was about 5 years. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to analyse the total level of homocysteine in plasma. Levels of carbonyl groups and 3-nitrotyrosine residues in plasma proteins were measured by ELISA and a competition ELISA, respectively. The lipid peroxidation in plasma was measured by the level of TBARS. Our results showed that in schizophrenic patients the amount of homocysteine in plasma was higher in comparison with the control group. We also observed a statistically increased level of biomarkers of oxidative/nitrative stress such as carbonyl groups or 3-nitrotyrosine in plasma proteins from schizophrenic patients. Moreover, our experiments indicate that the correlation between the increased amount of homocysteine and the oxidative stress exists. Considering the data presented in this study, we suggest that the elevated Hcys in schizophrenic patients may stimulate the oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dietrich-Muszalska
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Czechoslowacka 8/10, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Malinowska
- Department of General Biochemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/3, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Olas
- Department of General Biochemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/3, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafal Głowacki
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Edward Bald
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Barbara Wachowicz
- Department of General Biochemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/3, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jolanta Rabe-Jabłońska
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Czechoslowacka 8/10, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
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Aronia melanocarpa extract suppresses the biotoxicity of homocysteine and its metabolite on the hemostatic activity of fibrinogen and plasma. Nutrition 2012; 28:793-8. [PMID: 22261575 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2011.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Revised: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aronia melanocarpa fruits (Rosaceae) are one of the richest plant sources of phenolic substances, and it has been shown to have various biological activities. Berries of A. melanocarpa (chokeberry) have been supposed to be beneficial for the prevention of cardiovascular events. In this study the influence of aronia extract on the clot formation (using human plasma and purified fibrinogen) and the fibrin lysis during the model of hyperhomocysteinemia was investigated. METHODS Hyperhomocysteinemia was induced using a reduced form of Hcys (at final dose of 0.1mM) and the most reactive form of Hcys - its cyclic thioester, homocysteine thiolactone (HTL, 1 μM). The aim of our study in vitro was also to investigate the modifications of human plasma total proteins and the oxidative stress (by measuring the total antioxidant level - TAS) in plasma after incubation with Hcys, HTL and/or aronia extract. The biological properties of aronia extract were compared with the action of a well characterized antioxidative commercial polyphenol - resveratrol (3,4',5- trihydroxystilbene). RESULTS The HTL, like its precursor, Hcys stimulated polymerization of fibrinogen. The results also demonstrated that Hcys (0.1mM) and HLT at lower doses than Hcys (1 μM) reduced the fibrin lysis in human plasma. Moreover, Hcys and HTL change the level of thiol and amino groups in plasma total proteins and induce the oxidative stress in plasma. Our results indicate that aronia extract reduced the biotoxicity action of Hcys and HTL on hemostatic properties of fibrinogen or plasma, suggesting its possible protective properties in hyperhomocysteinemia - induced cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, our results showed that the extract from berries of A. melanocarpa due to antioxidant action, significantly reduced the oxidative stress (measured by TAS) in plasma during the model of hyperhomocysteinemia. CONCLUSION In the comparative studies, the extract from berries of A. melanocarpa and reseveratrol had similar protective properties. It gives hopes for development of diet supplements, which may be preventing thrombosis in pathological states where plasma procoagulant activity and oxidative stress are observed e.g. in hyperhomocysteinemia.
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The elevated homocysteine stimulates changes of haemostatic function of plasma isolated from breast cancer patients. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 355:193-9. [PMID: 21533764 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-0854-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to explain the effect of elevated homocysteine (measured by HPLC) on haemostatic activity of plasma from breast cancer patients (fibrin polymerization and lysis; the thrombin and prothrombin time), because homocysteine (Hcys) induces changes in haemostasis, as well blood clotting as fibrinolysis. Patients were hospitalized in Department of Oncological Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Poland. All patients have not had preadjuvant therapy, and samples from patients were taken before surgery. We observed that changes of selected parameters of haemostatic properties of plasma, e.g., the prothrombin time and thrombin time were prolonged in plasma from invasive breast cancer when compared with the control group (healthy subjects) and patients with benign breast diseases. Our results showed also that the correlation between the increased amount of Hcys and changes of selected parameters of haemostasis in invasive breast cancer patients exists. Considering the data presented in this study, we suggest that the elevated Hcys in invasive breast cancer patients may induce the changes of haemostatic properties of plasma isolated from these patients.
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