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Mamun AA, Shao C, Geng P, Wang S, Xiao J. Recent advances in molecular mechanisms of skin wound healing and its treatments. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1395479. [PMID: 38835782 PMCID: PMC11148235 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1395479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The skin, being a multifaceted organ, performs a pivotal function in the complicated wound-healing procedure, which encompasses the triggering of several cellular entities and signaling cascades. Aberrations in the typical healing process of wounds may result in atypical scar development and the establishment of a persistent condition, rendering patients more vulnerable to infections. Chronic burns and wounds have a detrimental effect on the overall quality of life of patients, resulting in higher levels of physical discomfort and socio-economic complexities. The occurrence and frequency of prolonged wounds are on the rise as a result of aging people, hence contributing to escalated expenditures within the healthcare system. The clinical evaluation and treatment of chronic wounds continue to pose challenges despite the advancement of different therapeutic approaches. This is mainly owing to the prolonged treatment duration and intricate processes involved in wound healing. Many conventional methods, such as the administration of growth factors, the use of wound dressings, and the application of skin grafts, are used to ease the process of wound healing across diverse wound types. Nevertheless, these therapeutic approaches may only be practical for some wounds, highlighting the need to advance alternative treatment modalities. Novel wound care technologies, such as nanotherapeutics, stem cell treatment, and 3D bioprinting, aim to improve therapeutic efficacy, prioritize skin regeneration, and minimize adverse effects. This review provides an updated overview of recent advancements in chronic wound healing and therapeutic management using innovative approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al Mamun
- Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuxiao Shao
- Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peiwu Geng
- Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuanghu Wang
- Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Wound Healing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Karkanitsa M, Fathi P, Ngo T, Sadtler K. Mobilizing Endogenous Repair Through Understanding Immune Reaction With Biomaterials. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:730938. [PMID: 34917594 PMCID: PMC8670074 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.730938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
With few exceptions, humans are incapable of fully recovering from severe physical trauma. Due to these limitations, the field of regenerative medicine seeks to find clinically viable ways to repair permanently damaged tissue. There are two main approaches to regenerative medicine: promoting endogenous repair of the wound, or transplanting a material to replace the injured tissue. In recent years, these two methods have fused with the development of biomaterials that act as a scaffold and mobilize the body's natural healing capabilities. This process involves not only promoting stem cell behavior, but by also inducing activity of the immune system. Through understanding the immune interactions with biomaterials, we can understand how the immune system participates in regeneration and wound healing. In this review, we will focus on biomaterials that promote endogenous tissue repair, with discussion on their interactions with the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Darga EP, Dolce EM, Fang F, Kidwell KM, Gersch CL, Kregel S, Thomas DG, Gill A, Brown ME, Gross S, Connelly M, Holinstat M, Cobain EF, Rae JM, Hayes DF, Paoletti C. PD-L1 expression on circulating tumor cells and platelets in patients with metastatic breast cancer. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260124. [PMID: 34780566 PMCID: PMC8592410 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint inhibition is effective in several cancers. Expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) on circulating tumor or immune effector cells could provide insights into selection of patients for immune checkpoint inhibition. Methods Whole blood was collected at serial timepoints from metastatic breast cancer patients and healthy donors for circulating tumor cell (CTC) and platelet PD-L1 analysis with a phycoerythrin-labeled anti-human PD-L1 monoclonal antibody (Biolegend clone 29E.2A3) using the CellSearch® assay. CTC PD-L1 was considered positive if detected on at least 1% of the cells; platelet PD-L1 was considered positive if ≥100 platelets per CellSearch frame expressed PD-L1. Results A total of 207 specimens from 124 metastatic breast cancer patients were collected. 52/124 (42%) samples at timepoint-1 (at or close to time of progressive disease) had ≥5 CTC/7.5ml whole blood. Of those, 21 (40%) had positive CTC PD-L1. In addition, platelet PD-L1 expression was observed in 35/124 (28%) at timepoint-1. Platelet PD-L1 was not detected in more than 70 specimens from 12 healthy donors. Platelet PD-L1 was associated with ≥5 CTC/7.5ml whole blood (p = 0.0002), less likely in patients with higher red blood cell counts (OR = 0.72, p<0.001) and a history of smoking tobacco (OR = 0.76, p<0.001). Platelet PD-L1 staining was not associated with tumor marker status, recent procedures or treatments, platelet-affecting drugs, or CTC PD-L1 expression. Conclusion PD-L1 expression was found in metastatic breast cancer patients on both CTC and platelets in an independent fashion. Inter-patient platelet PD-L1 expression was highly heterogeneous suggesting that it is a biological event associated with cancer in some but not all patients. Taken together, our data suggest that CTC and platelet PD-L1 expression could play a role in predicting which patients should receive immune checkpoint inhibition and as a pharmacodynamics biomarker during treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth P. Darga
- Breast Oncology Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Emily M. Dolce
- Breast Oncology Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Kelley M. Kidwell
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Christina L. Gersch
- Breast Oncology Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Steven Kregel
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Dafydd G. Thomas
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Anoop Gill
- Breast Oncology Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Martha E. Brown
- Breast Oncology Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Steven Gross
- Menarini Silicon Biosystems, Huntingdon Valley, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mark Connelly
- Menarini Silicon Biosystems, Huntingdon Valley, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael Holinstat
- Departments of Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Erin F. Cobain
- Breast Oncology Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - James M. Rae
- Breast Oncology Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Departments of Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Daniel F. Hayes
- Breast Oncology Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Costanza Paoletti
- Breast Oncology Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
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Valiño-Cultelli V, Varela-López Ó, González-Cantalapiedra A. Does PRGF Work? A Prospective Clinical Study in Dogs with A Novel Polylactic Acid Scaffold Injected with PRGF Using the Modified Maquet Technique. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082404. [PMID: 34438861 PMCID: PMC8388684 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary PRGF is a concentration of autologous platelets in a small volume of plasma, which is performed in a specific way and is an accessible resource in veterinary medicine. The PRGF has multiple demonstrated properties as antimicrobial, analgesic and anti-inflammatory but their osteoinductivity potential is controversial. We decided to use PRGF in combination with a PLA bioresorbable scaffold (a specific type of implant with osteoconduction properties) performed by 3D printing, and personalized for each patient, to determinate if the PRGF can produce osteoinduction and as a result, a faster bone healing and a faster patient recovery. Furthermore, in this study PLA scaffolds are proposed as an alternative for metallic implants to avoid the problems that those can cause. The MMT was the technique selected for solving the RCrCL as it is a variant of TTA that follows the same principle for the correction of the patellar tendon angle to neutralize distractive forces; however, this technique needs a lower amount of metallic implants for the scaffold fixation. Abstract Tibial tuberosity advancement is a surgical technique to restore the dynamical stability in the knee by advancing the insertion of the patellar ligament, for which it is necessary to advance the tibial crest, being maintained in the desired position usually by a cage and metallic implants. The purpose of this study was to replace the cage with a polylactic acid biodegradable scaffold designed for each patient by 3D printing, inserting platelet-rich in growth factors (PRGF) to demonstrate its osteoinductive properties. To this end, we used the modified Maquet technique to reduce the amount of metal to a minimum. Fifty-three dogs finished the study. The control and PRGF groups did not present any statistically significant differences in terms of ossification degree (p > 0.001) but they demonstrated satisfactory ossification compared to previous publications, although in the PRGF group three of the scaffolds suffered complete reabsorption. The PRGF and control groups did not show any statistically significant differences in terms of lameness degree (p > 0.001). However, the PRGF group showed at the first control some analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties but they were not enough for reducing the functional recovery time in a significant way. The PRGF group did not show any complications or negative results associated with their use.
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Faria AVS, Andrade SS, Peppelenbosch MP, Ferreira-Halder CV, Fuhler GM. Platelets in aging and cancer-"double-edged sword". Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 39:1205-1221. [PMID: 32869161 PMCID: PMC7458881 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09926-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Platelets control hemostasis and play a key role in inflammation and immunity. However, platelet function may change during aging, and a role for these versatile cells in many age-related pathological processes is emerging. In addition to a well-known role in cardiovascular disease, platelet activity is now thought to contribute to cancer cell metastasis and tumor-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) development. Worldwide, the great majority of all patients with cardiovascular disease and some with cancer receive anti-platelet therapy to reduce the risk of thrombosis. However, not only do thrombotic diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, cancer, especially metastasis, is still the second cause of death worldwide. Understanding how platelets change during aging and how they may contribute to aging-related diseases such as cancer may contribute to steps taken along the road towards a "healthy aging" strategy. Here, we review the changes that occur in platelets during aging, and investigate how these versatile blood components contribute to cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra V S Faria
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, NL-3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | | | - Maikel P Peppelenbosch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, NL-3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carmen V Ferreira-Halder
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Gwenny M Fuhler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, NL-3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Revisiting Platelets and Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs): At the Interface of Vascular Immunity and Thrombosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176150. [PMID: 32858930 PMCID: PMC7504402 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
While platelet function has traditionally been described in the context of maintaining vascular integrity, recent evidence suggests that platelets can modulate inflammation in a much more sophisticated and nuanced manner than previously thought. Some aspects of this expanded repertoire of platelet function are mediated via expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). TLRs are a family of pattern recognition receptors that recognize pathogen-associated and damage-associated molecular patterns. Activation of these receptors is crucial for orchestrating and sustaining the inflammatory response to both types of danger signals. The TLR family consists of 10 known receptors, and there is at least some evidence that each of these are expressed on or within human platelets. This review presents the literature on TLR-mediated platelet activation for each of these receptors, and the existing understanding of platelet-TLR immune modulation. This review also highlights unresolved methodological issues that potentially contribute to some of the discrepancies within the literature, and we also suggest several recommendations to overcome these issues. Current understanding of TLR-mediated platelet responses in influenza, sepsis, transfusion-related injury and cardiovascular disease are discussed, and key outstanding research questions are highlighted. In summary, we provide a resource—a “researcher’s toolkit”—for undertaking further research in the field of platelet-TLR biology.
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Kim D, Lo E, Kim D, Kang J. Regulatory T Cells Conditioned Media Stimulates Migration in HaCaT Keratinocytes: Involvement of Wound Healing. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2020; 13:443-453. [PMID: 32753927 PMCID: PMC7351635 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s252778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Regulatory T (Treg) cells, a type of immune cell, play a very important role in the immune response as a subpopulation of T cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of Treg cells conditioned media (CM) on cell migration. Various cytokines and growth factors of Treg cells CM can effect on re-epithelialization stage during the wound healing. Methods Isolated CD4+CD25+ Treg cells from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) were cultured and CM obtained. HaCaT keratinocytes were treated with various concentration of Treg cells CM. Cell migration, proliferation and expression of proteins that are related to the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) process, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) were analyzed. Results Above 90% CD4+CD25+ Treg cells were obtained from CD8+ depleted PBMCs and the CM have various cytokines and growth factors.One percent and 5% concentration of Treg cells CM increased HaCaT keratinocytes migration. The Treg cells CM stimulated EMT, which led to the down-regulation of E-cadherin in the HaCaT keratinocytes at the wound edge. The Treg cells CM increased MMP-1, which is involved in tissue remodeling. Conclusion Our results suggest that Treg cells CM which has various cytokines and growth factors promote wound healing by stimulating HaCaT keratinocytes migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsoo Kim
- Research & Development, IMMUNISBIO CO. Ltd., B2, International ST. Mary's Hospital MTP Mall, Seo-gu, Incheon, Korea
| | - Eunji Lo
- Research & Development, IMMUNISBIO CO. Ltd., B2, International ST. Mary's Hospital MTP Mall, Seo-gu, Incheon, Korea
| | - Dongju Kim
- Research & Development, IMMUNISBIO CO. Ltd., B2, International ST. Mary's Hospital MTP Mall, Seo-gu, Incheon, Korea
| | - Junghwa Kang
- Research & Development, IMMUNISBIO CO. Ltd., B2, International ST. Mary's Hospital MTP Mall, Seo-gu, Incheon, Korea
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Biofunctionalization of porcine-derived collagen matrices with platelet rich fibrin: influence on angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:3425-3436. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03213-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Porcine-derived collagen matrices (CM) can be used for oral tissue regeneration, but sufficient revascularization is crucial. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on angiogenesis of different CM in vitro and in vivo.
Materials and methods
Three different CM (mucoderm, jason, collprotect) were combined with PRF in a plotting process. Growth factor release (VEGF, TGF-β) was measured in vitro via ELISA quantification after 1,4 and 7 days in comparison to PRF alone. In ovo yolk sac (YSM) and chorion allantois membrane (CAM) model, angiogenic potential were analyzed in vivo with light- and intravital fluorescence microscopy after 24 h, then verified with immunohistochemical staining for CD105 and αSMA.
Results
Highest growth factor release was seen after 24 h for all three activated membranes in comparison to the native CM (VEGF 24 h: each p < 0.05; TGF-β: each p < 0.001) and the PRF (no significant difference). All activated membranes revealed a significantly increased angiogenic potential in vivo after 24 h (vessels per mm2: each p < 0.05; branching points per mm2: each p < 0.01; vessel density: each p < 0.05) and with immunohistochemical staining for CD105 (each p < 0.01) and αSMA (each p < 0.05).
Conclusions
PRF improved the angiogenesis of CM in vitro and in vivo.
Clinical relevance
Bio-functionalization of CM with PRF could easily implemented in the clinical pathway and may lead to advanced soft tissue healing.
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Hally KE, Bird GK, La Flamme AC, Harding SA, Larsen PD. Platelets modulate multiple markers of neutrophil function in response to in vitro Toll-like receptor stimulation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223444. [PMID: 31581214 PMCID: PMC6776355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In addition to their role in facilitating leukocyte-mediated inflammation, platelets can dampen leukocyte pro-inflammatory responses in some contexts. Consequently, platelets are increasingly appreciated as regulators of inflammation. Together, platelets and neutrophils play a role in inflammation through Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression, although we do not fully understand how platelets shape neutrophil responses to TLR stimulation. Here, we aimed to determine the extent to which platelets can modulate neutrophil function in response to in vitro stimulation with TLR4, TLR2/1, and TLR2/6 agonists. METHODS Neutrophils from 10 healthy individuals were cultured alone or with autologous platelets. Neutrophils ± platelets were left unstimulated or were stimulated with 1 or 100 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS; a TLR4 agonist), Pam3CSK4 (a TLR2/1 agonist) and fibroblast-stimulating lipopeptide (FSL)-1 (a TLR2/6 agonist). Neutrophil activation and phagocytic activity were assessed by flow cytometry, and elastase and interleukin-8 secretion were assessed by ELISA. RESULTS The addition of platelets attenuated neutrophil CD66b and CD11b expression in response to various doses of Pam3CSK4 and FSL-1. Furthermore, platelet co-culture was associated with higher CD62L expression (indicating reduced CD62L shedding) in response to these TLR agonists. Platelets also reduced elastase secretion in unstimulated cultures and in response to low-dose TLR stimulation. Conversely, platelet co-culture increased neutrophil phagocytosis in unstimulated cultures and in response to low-dose Pam3CSK4 and FSL-1. Platelets also increased IL-8 secretion in response to low-dose LPS. CONCLUSION Platelets are complex immunomodulators that can attenuate some, and simultaneously augment other, neutrophil functions. This modulation can occur both in the absence and presence of TLR stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E. Hally
- Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
- Wellington Cardiovascular Research Group, Wellington, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | - Georgina K. Bird
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
- Wellington Cardiovascular Research Group, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Anne C. La Flamme
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
- Wellington Cardiovascular Research Group, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Scott A. Harding
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
- Wellington Cardiovascular Research Group, Wellington, New Zealand
- Department of Cardiology, Wellington Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Peter D. Larsen
- Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
- Wellington Cardiovascular Research Group, Wellington, New Zealand
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Cañedo-Dorantes L, Cañedo-Ayala M. Skin Acute Wound Healing: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Inflam 2019; 2019:3706315. [PMID: 31275545 PMCID: PMC6582859 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3706315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental work of the last two decades has revealed the general steps of the wound healing process. This complex network has been organized in three sequential and overlapping steps. The first step of the inflammatory phase is an immediate response to injury; primary sensory neurons sense injury and send danger signals to the brain, to stop bleeding and start inflammation. The following target of the inflammatory phase, led by the peripheral blood mononuclear cells, is to eliminate the pathogens and clean the wound. Once this is completed, the inflammatory phase is resolved and homeostasis is restored. The aim of the proliferative phase, the second phase, is to repair wound damage and begin tissue remodeling. Fibroplasia, reepithelialization, angiogenesis, and peripheral nerve repair are the central actions of this phase. Lastly, the objective of the final phase is to complete tissue remodeling and restore skin integrity. This review provides present day information regarding the status of the participant cells, extracellular matrix, cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, as well as their interactions with the microenvironment during the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Cañedo-Dorantes
- Research Division, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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Hally KE, La Flamme AC, Harding SA, Larsen PD. Platelets regulate leucocyte responses to Toll-like receptor stimulation. Clin Transl Immunology 2018; 7:e1036. [PMID: 30065836 PMCID: PMC6063753 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Platelets are important regulators of vascular thrombosis and inflammation and are known to express Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Through TLRs, platelets mediate a number of responses by interacting with leucocytes. Here, we report the extent to which platelets modulate in vitro peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and granulocyte responses to TLR4, TLR2/1 and TLR2/6 stimulation in healthy subjects. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells and granulocytes from 10 healthy volunteers were cultured alone or cocultured with platelets. Cultures were left unstimulated or stimulated with 1 or 100 ng mL-1 of either LPS (TLR4 agonist), Pam3CSK4 (TLR2/1 agonist) or fibroblast-stimulating lipopeptide (FSL)-1 (TLR2/6 agonist). Neutrophil activation (CD66b expression), monocyte activation (HLA-DR), granulocyte elastase production and PBMC cytokine and chemokine production were examined. Results Platelet coculture decreased neutrophil CD66b expression in response to LPS, Pam3CSK4 and FSL-1, and modestly decreased monocyte HLA-DR expression in response to low-dose LPS. Platelets reduced granulocyte elastase secretion in response to low doses of all TLR agonists tested. In response to LPS, platelet coculture reduced IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and MIP-1β production, and increased IL-10 production by PBMCs. In response to FSL-1, platelets increased IL-6, IL-10 and MIP-1β production, but reduced TNF-α production. Platelet coculture did not alter PBMC cytokine/chemokine production in response to Pam3CSK4. Conclusion This study challenges the notion that platelets act solely in a pro-inflammatory manner. Rather, platelets are complex immunomodulators that regulate leucocyte responses to TLR stimulation in a TLR agonist-specific manner. Platelets may modulate leucocyte responses to dampen inflammation, and this platelet effect may play an important role in reducing inflammation-mediated host damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Hally
- School of Biological Sciences Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand.,Wellington Cardiovascular Research Group Wellington New Zealand
| | - Anne C La Flamme
- School of Biological Sciences Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand.,Wellington Cardiovascular Research Group Wellington New Zealand
| | - Scott A Harding
- School of Biological Sciences Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand.,Wellington Cardiovascular Research Group Wellington New Zealand.,Department of Cardiology Wellington Hospital Wellington New Zealand
| | - Peter D Larsen
- School of Biological Sciences Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand.,Wellington Cardiovascular Research Group Wellington New Zealand.,Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia University of Otago Wellington New Zealand
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Haemmerle M, Stone RL, Menter DG, Afshar-Kharghan V, Sood AK. The Platelet Lifeline to Cancer: Challenges and Opportunities. Cancer Cell 2018; 33:965-983. [PMID: 29657130 PMCID: PMC5997503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Besides their function in limiting blood loss and promoting wound healing, experimental evidence has highlighted platelets as active players in all steps of tumorigenesis including tumor growth, tumor cell extravasation, and metastasis. Additionally, thrombocytosis in cancer patients is associated with adverse patient survival. Due to the secretion of large amounts of microparticles and exosomes, platelets are well positioned to coordinate both local and distant tumor-host crosstalk. Here, we present a review of recent discoveries in the field of platelet biology and the role of platelets in cancer progression as well as challenges in targeting platelets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Haemmerle
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Institute of Pathology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle, Germany
| | - Rebecca L Stone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287-1281, USA
| | - David G Menter
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Vahid Afshar-Kharghan
- Division of Internal Medicine, Benign Hematology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Parra F, Morales-Rome DE, Campos-Rodríguez R, Cruz-Hernández TR, Drago-Serrano ME. Effect of platelet-rich plasma on patients after blepharoplasty surgery. Orbit 2018; 37:81-86. [PMID: 29023179 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2017.1383453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment on patients after blepharoplasty surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS After undergoing blepharoplasty, 20 patients were randomly divided into two groups (n = 10 each). One was treated with autologous PRP and the other was not given any post-surgery treatment (basal group). Autologous PRP application was performed intradermically 24 h, 1 month, and 2 months post-surgery, and the outcome of the applications was assessed 1, 2, and 3 months post-surgery. The postoperative wound was assessed on a patient and observer scar assessment scale (POSAS) by patients and by an unblinded clinical observer. Statistical comparison between the two groups was analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney unpaired, two-tailed test. Significant differences were considered with P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS Patient-reported data indicate that compared to the basal group, the PRP group showed no significant differences regarding pain, itching, or color, but had better values for stiffness and thickness (months 1 and 2) as well as scar irregularity (month 1). Data reported by the clinical observer showed that in comparison with the basal group, the PRP group showed no differences in vascularization or pigmentation, but had lower (better) scores regarding thickness, relief, and pliability (at all assessment times). The total assessment values from patients and the observer were significantly better for the PRP than the basal group. CONCLUSION Autologous PRP treatment enhanced some parameters associated with healing properties, suggesting a potential therapeutic value after blepharoplasty surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidelina Parra
- a Departamento de órbita , Párpados y vías Lagrimales, Fundación Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Luz , Ciudad de México , México
| | - David Enrique Morales-Rome
- a Departamento de órbita , Párpados y vías Lagrimales, Fundación Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Luz , Ciudad de México , México
| | - Rafael Campos-Rodríguez
- b Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina , Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Ciudad de México , México
| | - Teresita Rocío Cruz-Hernández
- b Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina , Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Ciudad de México , México
| | - Maria Elisa Drago-Serrano
- c Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos , Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco , Ciudad de México , México
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Wend S, Kubesch A, Orlowska A, Al-Maawi S, Zender N, Dias A, Miron RJ, Sader R, Booms P, Kirkpatrick CJ, Choukroun J, Ghanaati S. Reduction of the relative centrifugal force influences cell number and growth factor release within injectable PRF-based matrices. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2017; 28:188. [PMID: 29071440 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-5992-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) is a blood concentrate system obtained by centrifugation of peripheral blood. First PRF matrices exhibited solid fibrin scaffold, more recently liquid PRF-based matrix was developed by reducing the relative centrifugation force and time. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the influence of RCF (relative centrifugal force) on cell types and growth factor release within injectable PRF- in the range of 60-966 g using consistent centrifugation time. Numbers of cells was analyzed using automated cell counting (platelets, leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes) and histomorphometrically (CD 61, CD- 45, CD-15+, CD-68+, CD-3+ and CD-20). ELISA was utilized to quantify the concentration of growth factors and cytokines including PDGF-BB, TGF-β1, EGF, VEGF and MMP-9. Leukocytes, neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes had significantly higher total cell numbers using lower RCF. Whereas, platelets in the low and medium RCF ranges both demonstrated significantly higher values when compared to the high RCF group. Histomorphometrical analysis showed a significantly high number of CD61+, CD-45+ and CD-15+ cells in the low RCF group whereas CD-68+, CD-3+ and CD-20+ demonstrated no statistically significant differences between all groups. Total growth factor release of PDGF-BB, TGF-β1 and EGF had similar values using low and medium RCF, which were both significantly higher than those in the high RCF group. VEGF and MMP-9 were significantly higher in the low RCF group compared to high RCF. These findings support the LSCC (low speed centrifugation concept), which confirms that improved PRF-based matrices may be generated through RCF reduction. The enhanced regenerative potential of PRF-based matrices makes them a potential source to serve as a natural drug delivery system. However, further pre-clinical and clinical studies are required to evaluate the regeneration capacity of this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Wend
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alica Kubesch
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anna Orlowska
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sarah Al-Maawi
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Niklas Zender
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andre Dias
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Robert Sader
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Patrick Booms
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - C James Kirkpatrick
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Joseph Choukroun
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Pain Therapy Center, Nice, France
| | - Shahram Ghanaati
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Platelet-rich plasma: combinational treatment modalities for musculoskeletal conditions. Front Med 2017; 12:139-152. [DOI: 10.1007/s11684-017-0551-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Reduction of relative centrifugal forces increases growth factor release within solid platelet-rich-fibrin (PRF)-based matrices: a proof of concept of LSCC (low speed centrifugation concept). Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2017; 45:467-479. [PMID: 28324162 PMCID: PMC6579868 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-017-0785-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The present study evaluated the platelet distribution pattern and growth factor release (VEGF, TGF-β1 and EGF) within three PRF (platelet-rich-fibrin) matrices (PRF, A-PRF and A-PRF+) that were prepared using different relative centrifugation forces (RCF) and centrifugation times. Materials and methods immunohistochemistry was conducted to assess the platelet distribution pattern within three PRF matrices. The growth factor release was measured over 10 days using ELISA. Results The VEGF protein content showed the highest release on day 7; A-PRF+ showed a significantly higher rate than A-PRF and PRF. The accumulated release on day 10 was significantly higher in A-PRF+ compared with A-PRF and PRF. TGF-β1 release in A-PRF and A-PRF+ showed significantly higher values on days 7 and 10 compared with PRF. EGF release revealed a maximum at 24 h in all groups. Toward the end of the study, A-PRF+ demonstrated significantly higher EGF release than PRF. The accumulated growth factor releases of TGF-β1 and EGF on day 10 were significantly higher in A-PRF+ and A-PRF than in PRF. Moreover, platelets were located homogenously throughout the matrix in the A-PRF and A-PRF+ groups, whereas platelets in PRF were primarily observed within the lower portion. Discussion the present results show an increase growthfactor release by decreased RCF. However, further studies must be conducted to examine the extent to which enhancing the amount and the rate of released growth factors influence wound healing and biomaterial-based tissue regeneration. Conclusion These outcomes accentuate the fact that with a reduction of RCF according to the previously LSCC (described low speed centrifugation concept), growth factor release can be increased in leukocytes and platelets within the solid PRF matrices.
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Choukroun J, Ghanaati S. Reduction of relative centrifugation force within injectable platelet-rich-fibrin (PRF) concentrates advances patients' own inflammatory cells, platelets and growth factors: the first introduction to the low speed centrifugation concept. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2017; 44:87-95. [PMID: 28283682 PMCID: PMC5808086 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-017-0767-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to analyze systematically the influence of the relative centrifugation force (RCF) on leukocytes, platelets and growth factor release within fluid platelet-rich fibrin matrices (PRF). Materials and methods Systematically using peripheral blood from six healthy volunteers, the RCF was reduced four times for each of the three experimental protocols (I–III) within the spectrum (710–44 g), while maintaining a constant centrifugation time. Flow cytometry was applied to determine the platelets and leukocyte number. The growth factor concentration was quantified 1 and 24 h after clotting using ELISA. Results Reducing RCF in accordance with protocol-II (177 g) led to a significantly higher platelets and leukocytes numbers compared to protocol-I (710 g). Protocol-III (44 g) showed a highly significant increase of leukocytes and platelets number in comparison to -I and -II. The growth factors’ concentration of VEGF and TGF-β1 was significantly higher in protocol-II compared to -I, whereas protocol-III exhibited significantly higher growth factor concentration compared to protocols-I and -II. These findings were observed among 1 and 24 h after clotting, as well as the accumulated growth factor concentration over 24 h. Discussion Based on the results, it has been demonstrated that it is possible to enrich PRF-based fluid matrices with leukocytes, platelets and growth factors by means of a single alteration of the centrifugation settings within the clinical routine. Conclusions We postulate that the so-called low speed centrifugation concept (LSCC) selectively enriches leukocytes, platelets and growth factors within fluid PRF-based matrices. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effect of cell and growth factor enrichment on wound healing and tissue regeneration while comparing blood concentrates gained by high and low RCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Choukroun
- Private Practice, Pain Therapy Center, Nice, France.
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Laboratory, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - S Ghanaati
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Laboratory, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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