1
|
Lei M, Yu GY, Zhao YG, Wang JP, Feng SY. Establishment and Clinical Application of the Concept of Invalid Extraction Rates in Follicular Unit Extraction. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2021; 14:225-229. [PMID: 33692632 PMCID: PMC7939501 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s295093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study aims to establish the concept of invalid extraction rates in follicular unit extraction and evaluate its clinical value. Methods The present study involved 30 patients with alopecia. Three young surgeons (nominated A, B, and C) each performed follicular unit extraction on a randomly selected portion of the donor site of each patient for ten minutes. The outcomes were separately recorded and calculated, and converted to an invalid extraction rate for each surgeon using the formula, “invalid extraction rate = 1 − successfully extracted follicular units/actually extracted units × 100%.” Results The follicular unit invalid extraction efficiency of each surgeon gradually declined. The average efficiency level of surgeon B was evaluated as excellent, while the levels of surgeons A and C were evaluated as good. Conclusion With experience, surgeons can speed up the process of follicular unit extraction and gradually increase performance quality through both extraction speed and success rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lei
- Center of Hair Transplantation, Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of the General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Yuan Yu
- Department of Dermatology, The Fourth Medical Center of the General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Gang Zhao
- First Department of Surgery, Beijing Armed Police Corps Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Ping Wang
- Center of Hair Transplantation, Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of the General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Yun Feng
- Center of Hair Transplantation, Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of the General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Follicular Unit Extraction (FUE) Hair Transplant: Curves Ahead. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2019; 18:509-517. [PMID: 31624428 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-019-01245-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The hair transplant has become widely popular aesthetic procedure. Follicular unit transplantation (FUT) and follicular unit extraction (FUE) are two commonly used and accepted techniques. FUT requires excision of strip of tissue from occipital donor area leading to linear scar. To overcome scarring and other complications of FUT, FUE technique has been attempted which involves harvesting of small individual follicular units. Hair transplantation has been successfully used in correction of alopecia, cleft lip scars, post-burn or surgical scars, vitiligo and as an adjuvant to other maxillofacial procedures. FUE demands greater skills and orientation but can yield excellent results in experienced hands. Several maxillofacial surgeons have incorporated hair transplantation procedure in their aesthetic practice successfully. Sound knowledge of surgical technique, armamentarium and proper surgical planning are essential for desired results. The aim of this article is to explain FUE technique, risk and complications, holding solutions and other associated factors in detail. A simple protocol has been put forth for reference and for better understanding of the technique.
Collapse
|
3
|
Mohebipour A, Gianfaldoni S, Lotti T, Ramirez-Fort MK, Lange CS, Sadeghi-Bazargani H, Wollina U, Tchernev G, Feily A. Recycling of Previously Transplanted Hair: A Novel Indication for Follicular Unit Extraction. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018; 6:1095-1097. [PMID: 29983809 PMCID: PMC6026438 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hair transplantation has enhanced the realm of procedural dermatology. Before the advent of follicular transplantation, androgenetic alopecia was a difficult disease to manage, as there is a limited armamentarium of topical and systemic pharmaceuticals. However, as with other novel surgical procedures, there is a steep learning curve, that may result in poor transplantation or cosmesis. CASE REPORT: We present a case of androgenetic alopecia, where previously, poorly implanted hairs were recycled by follicular unit extraction to increase hair density at the vertex of the scalp, which resulted in improved cosmesis and patient satisfaction. CONCLUSION: We have demonstrated that re-transplantation is not only feasible but is effective; therefore redesigning of previous transplantations should be considered as a possible indication follicle unit extraction, particularly in the setting of scarce follicular reserves. The utility of our recycling method may also inspire hope in patients that have undergone failed or unsatisfactory hair transplantations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mohebipour
- Department of Dermatology, Azad University, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, IR Iran
| | | | - Torello Lotti
- University G. Marconi of Rome, Dermatology and Venereology, Rome, Italy
| | - Marigdalia K Ramirez-Fort
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State University of New York at Downstate, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Christopher S Lange
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State University of New York at Downstate, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | | | - Uwe Wollina
- Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Dresden, Sachsen, Germany
| | - Georgi Tchernev
- Medical Institute of the Ministry of Interior, Medical Institute of Ministry of Interior (MVR), Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatologic Surgery, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Onkoderma, Private Clinic for Dermatologic Surgery, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Amir Feily
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gharwade CR. Innovative modified hair follicle harvesting technique with reverse rake scalp elevator for lower occipital donor area in follicular unit extraction hair transplantation. Indian J Plast Surg 2016; 49:390-396. [PMID: 28216821 PMCID: PMC5288916 DOI: 10.4103/0970-0358.197227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicular unit extraction (FUE) is one of the widely practiced minimally invasive follicular harvesting techniques employed during hair transplantation. FUE technique has an advantage of utilising lower occipital area and supra-auricular region as a safe donor area described by Unger, in addition to the standard occipital donor area used in strip method (follicular unit transplant). Despite its potential advantages such as rapid recovery, minimal scarring and reduced post-operative pain; its widespread acceptance is limited due to various factors in variable contribution like steeper learning curve and potentially higher follicular transection rates (FTRs). The main practical drawbacks in harvesting FUE from lower occipital donor region that lie inferior to the standard donor area, is its acute angle (10°-15°) of emergent hair from scalp skin, higher variance angle (15°-35°) between hairs below the skin and hair exit angle above the skin and comparatively loose scalp, preventing to provide stable platform for punching. Hair transplant surgeon faces difficulty in aligning and engaging the FUE punch leading to very high hair follicle transection rate, and therefore, it is not a preferred site for harvesting follicles in FUE. Authors description of modified technique using reverse rake scalp elevator helps in negating the acute angle of the hair follicles exit from scalp skin and reducing the variance angle between emergent hair and hair below the skin in lower occipital region thereby reducing FTR. Furthermore, an added advantage of reducing the overall operative time and surgeon fatigue, improve donor area healing, availability of a comparatively larger donor area which increases the confidence of the beginners. This method will be of help as it is easy to duplicate and follow by novice hair transplant surgeons and also for those who are routinely doing mega hair transplants sessions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandrakant Rambhau Gharwade
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Grant Government Medical College and Sir J. J. Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
|
6
|
Follicular Unit Extraction Hair Transplantation with Micromotor: Eight Years Experience. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2015; 39:589-96. [PMID: 25948066 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-015-0494-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Follicular unit extraction (FUE) has been performed for over a decade. Our experience in the patients who underwent hair transplantation using only the FUE method was included in this study. METHODS A total of 1000 patients had hair transplantation using the FUE method between 2005 and 2014 in our clinic. RESULTS Manual punch was used in 32 and micromotor was used in 968 patients for graft harvesting. During the time that manual punch was used for graft harvesting, 1000-2000 grafts were transplanted in one session in 6-8 h. Following micromotor use, the average graft count was increased to 2500 and the operation time remained unchanged. Graft take was difficult in 11.1 %, easy in 52.2 %, and very easy in 36.7 % of our patients. CONCLUSIONS The main purpose of hair transplantation is to restore the hair loss. During the process, obtaining a natural appearance and adequate hair intensity is important. In the FUE method, grafts can be taken without changing their natural structure, there is no need for magnification, and the grafts can be transplanted directly without using any other processes. Because there is no suture in the FUE method, patients do not experience these incision site problems and scar formation. The FUE method enables us to achieve a natural appearance with less morbidity.
Collapse
|
7
|
Gardien KLM, Middelkoop E, Ulrich MMW. Progress towards cell-based burn wound treatments. Regen Med 2015; 9:201-18. [PMID: 24750061 DOI: 10.2217/rme.13.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy as part of the concept of regenerative medicine represents an upcoming platform technology. Although cultured epidermal cells have been used in burn treatment for decades, new developments have renewed the interest in this type of treatment. Whereas early results were hampered by long culture times in order to produce confluent sheets of keratinocytes, undifferentiated proliferating cells can nowadays be applied on burns with different application techniques. The application of cells on carriers has improved early as well as long-term results in experimental settings. The results of several commercially available epidermal substitutes for burn wound treatment are reviewed in this article. These data clearly demonstrate a lack of randomized comparative trials and application of measurable outcome parameters. Experimental research in culture systems and animal models has demonstrated new developments and proof of concepts of further improvements in epidermal coverage. These include combinations of epidermal cells and mesenchymal stem cells, and the guidance of both material and cell interactions towards regeneration of skin appendages as well as vascular and nerve structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim L M Gardien
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive & Hand Surgery, MOVE Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shi Y, Luo LF, Liu XM, Zhou Q, Xu SZ, Lei TC. Premature graying as a consequence of compromised antioxidant activity in hair bulb melanocytes and their precursors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93589. [PMID: 24695442 PMCID: PMC3973559 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intricate coordinated mechanisms that govern the synchrony of hair growth and melanin synthesis remain largely unclear. These two events can be uncoupled in prematurely gray hair, probably due to oxidative insults that lead to the death of oxidative stress-sensitive melanocytes. In this study, we examined the gene expression profiles of middle (bulge) and lower (hair bulb) segments that had been micro-dissected from unpigmented and from normally pigmented hair follicles from the same donors using quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qPCR) arrays. We found a significant down-regulation of melanogenesis-related genes (TYR, TYRP1, MITF, PAX3, POMC) in unpigmented hair bulbs and of marker genes typical for melanocyte precursor cells (PAX3, SOX10, DCT) in unpigmented mid-segments compared with their pigmented analogues. qPCR, western blotting and spin trapping assays revealed that catalase protein expression and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities are strongly repressed in unpigmented hair follicles. These data provide the first clear evidence that compromised antioxidant activity in gray hair follicles simultaneously affects mature hair bulb melanocytes and their immature precursor cells in the bulge region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Long-Fei Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shi-Zheng Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Tie-Chi Lei
- Department of Dermatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
The influence of preservation solution on the viability of grafts in hair transplantation surgery. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2014; 1:e90. [PMID: 25289284 PMCID: PMC4174110 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000000032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Summary: Hair transplantation techniques have changed in the last decades. Partial longitudinal follicular unit transplantation is a new hair transplantation technique, which differs from all other hair transplantation techniques by the size of the graft and therefore much more vulnerable grafts compared to the conventional hair transplantation grafts. In this study, we reveal the influence of the preservation solution on the viability of the grafts. We have extracted 15 hair transplantation grafts of 0.6 mm and 15 hair transplantation grafts of 0.7 mm from 3 different patients and investigated the influence of 2 commercially available preservation media, saline solution (Braun, Melsungen, Germany) and Ringer’s lactate (Braun), on the viability of grafts and compared these solutions with the preservation solution developed by Hair Science Institute with trypan blue. The grafts stored in the preservation solution developed by Hair Science Institute showed a significant better viability compared with the 2 commercially available preservation media saline solution and Ringer’s lactate. This study shows that a preservation solution could influence the viability of the grafts which could be essential for hair transplantations with small grafts such as in partial longitudinal follicular unit transplantation.
Collapse
|
10
|
|