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Shimojo Y, Nishimura T, Tsuruta D, Ozawa T, Kono T. In Silico Evaluation of Nanosecond Laser Treatment of Pigmented Lesions Based on Skin Optical Properties Using a Model of Melanosome Disruption Threshold Fluence. Lasers Surg Med 2024. [PMID: 39344140 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nanosecond laser treatment of pigmented lesions in silico using a model of melanosome disruption threshold fluence (MDTF) based on skin optical properties. METHODS Particle size analysis and scanning electron microscopy were performed to determine the threshold fluence for melanosome disruption using a nanosecond laser. By inputting the obtained threshold fluence into the MDTF model and considering the variability in skin optical properties, irradiation parameters were calculated and compared with the results from clinical studies. RESULTS The threshold fluences for 532 and 755 nm nanosecond laser irradiation were determined to be 3.0 and 15.0 J/cm2, respectively. In silico analysis showed that the incident fluence for moderately pigmented skin should be 1.2 times that for lightly pigmented skin, whereas it should be 50% lower than that for lightly pigmented skin to achieve the same level of energy deposition. Clinically applied fluences for moderately pigmented skin are at the low end of the calculated range of values, suggesting that the clinical fluence is chosen to minimize energy deposition in normal tissues. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that the MDTF model can be used to evaluate nanosecond laser treatments and provide clinical guidance on fluence settings based on laser-tissue interactions in moderately pigmented skin. The in silico method can, therefore, provide a robust and quantitative retrospective evaluation of the treatment effects that accounts for variation in irradiation parameters among patients by combining the MDTF model with the in vivo optical properties of individual skin types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shimojo
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Daisuke Tsuruta
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ozawa
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taro Kono
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, Tokai University, Kanagawa, Japan
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Yang X, Bi C, E T, Lin L, Cao Y. A retrospective study of 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser therapy for acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13298. [PMID: 36973977 PMCID: PMC10155852 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The therapeutic efficacy of laser treatments for acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules (ABNOM) varies among studies, and few studies have evaluated the factors affecting therapeutic effects. AIMS To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (QSNYL) therapy for ABNOM and to identify the factors influencing the outcome. METHODS A total of 110 patients with ABNOM were retrospectively evaluated and received two-to-nine treatment sessions. The effects of different factors on the therapeutic effect were analyzed on the basis of the number of treatments, age at first treatment, skin type, lesion color, affected area, number of lesion sites, and presence of concomitant melasma. RESULTS The curative effect was positively correlated with the treatment time and negatively correlated with the increasing age at first treatment (p < 0.05). The curative effect was better in patients with skin type III than those with type IV ( p < 0.05) and in patients with a lesion area of less than 10 cm2 than those with a larger affected area (p < 0.05). Additionally, the treatment effect was poorer in patients with concomitant melasma (p < 0.05). The treatment effect was not significantly correlated with the lesion color or number of affected sites (p > 0.05). Eleven patients (10%) developed postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). CONCLUSIONS Early and repeated QSNYL therapy achieved satisfactory results for ABNOM. The risk of PIH after laser treatment is highest among patients with older age, darker lesion color, and darker skin color. For patients with ABNOM with concurrent melasma, low-energy laser therapy is recommended to reduce the risk of melasma aggravation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjun Yang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic SurgeryShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandongP. R. China
| | - Chen Bi
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic SurgeryShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandongP. R. China
| | - Tianyu E
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic SurgeryShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandongP. R. China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic SurgeryShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandongP. R. China
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic SurgeryShandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanShandongP. R. China
| | - Yongqian Cao
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic SurgeryShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandongP. R. China
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic SurgeryShandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanShandongP. R. China
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Treatment of Lentigines: A Systematic Review. Dermatol Surg 2023; 49:17-24. [DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000003630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Huang L, Zhong Y, Yan T, Liu Z, Yang B, Man MQ. Efficacy and safety of 755 nm Q-switched Alexandrite Laser for Hori's nevus: a retrospective analysis of 482 Chinese women. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:345-351. [PMID: 33834379 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 755 nm Q-Switched alexandrite laser for Hori's nevus in a large cohort of Chinese women. We retrospectively analyzed the efficacy and safety of 755 nm Q-Switched alexandrite laser for Hori's nevus. Reduction in pigment was evaluated using a 4-score method. A total of 482 patients, aged 16 to 52 years, were included in this analysis. Patients were treated with 755 nm Q-Switched alexandrite laser at fluence levels of 5-8 J/cm2 for 2-4 treatment sessions. Following the treatments, 53% of patients showed over 75% reductions in pigment while 50-75% reductions in pigment were observed in 28% of patients. The rest displayed less than 50% improvements. Efficacy was positively correlated with the number of treatment sessions (p < 0.0001). Adverse reactions were temporary, mild erythema, and edema. A small portion of patients (15%) had hyperpigmentation, which disappeared within 2-6 months. 755 nm Q-Switched alexandrite laser is safe and has moderate benefits for Hori's nevus. Because its efficacy is positively correlated with the number of treatment sessions, increase in treatment sessions possibly could achieve a better outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lining Huang
- Aesthetic Department, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China
| | - Yiping Zhong
- Aesthetic Department, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China
| | - Tingting Yan
- Aesthetic Department, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China
| | - Zhenfeng Liu
- Aesthetic Department, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Aesthetic Department, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China.
| | - Mao-Qiang Man
- Aesthetic Department, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China.
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Abstract
Pigmentation disorders are among the most common cutaneous changes and occur in up to 60% of all people. They can be genetic or acquired, functionally or cosmetically disturbing, or the expression of a medical disorder. The best treatment options for hyperpigmentation are usually lasers and intense pulsed light (IPL). However, they can also worsen some conditions and are occasionally associated with side effects. A correct diagnosis is therefore essential, taking into account the skin type, the type of pigmentation and how deep the pigmentation is located in the skin. The most common indications for which laser treatment is recommended include genetically predisposed nevi (Becker, Ota, Hora, Ito, acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules [ABNOM]), pigmentation (e.g., lentigines, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, ephelides, café au lait, nevus spilus, linear and whorled hypermelanosis [LWNH]), nevus cell nevi, exogenous pigments, tattoos and cosmetic pigments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Fritz
- Hautärzte- und Laserzentrum Landau (Pfalz), Reduitstr. 13, 76829, Landau, Deutschland. .,Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Universität Carol Davila, Bukarest, Rumänien.
| | - Carmen Salavastru
- Abteilung für pädiatrische Dermatologie, Colentina-Krankenhaus, Bukarest, Rumänien.,Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Universität Carol Davila, Bukarest, Rumänien.,Dermatologie, Colentina-Krankenhaus, Bukarest, Rumänien
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Sayed KS, Tuqan S, Hilal RF. Q-Switched Nd:YAG (532 nm) Laser Versus Intra-Dermal Tranexamic Acid for Treatment of Facial Ephelides: A Split Face, Randomized, Comparative Trial. Lasers Surg Med 2020; 53:324-332. [PMID: 32592273 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To compare the efficacy and safety of intradermal injection of tranexamic acid (TXA) versus Q switched (QS) KTP (532 nm) in the treatment of facial ephelides. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS A randomized comparative split-face study included a total of 30 female patients with bilateral facial ephelides. One cheek was treated by intra-dermal TXA injections and the other was treated by QS-KTP (532 nm). Patient assessment was performed by photography, pigmentation area, severity index and spectrophotometry at baseline, 1 week after treatment, and 2 months after treatment. RESULTS A significant difference was found between both sides regarding the percentage change of pigmentation area, severity score (PSI) and melanin index (MI) after treatment and during follow up, favoring laser (P = 0.001). PSI decreased after treatment by 66.5% and 15.4% (laser and TXA sides respectively), further decrease after follow-up was 69.4% with laser and 26.1% with TXA. MI improved by 3.7% after KTP laser to 7.7% after follow-up and by 2.4% after TXA injections to 6.5% after follow-up. Four patients developed post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation following QS-KTP. CONCLUSION QS-KTP laser is superior to intradermal TXA injection in the treatment of facial ephelides. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadiga S Sayed
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samar Tuqan
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rana F Hilal
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Ding H, Yang Y, Guo L, Lin T. Use of a Picosecond Alexandrite Laser for Treating Acquired Bilateral Nevus of Ota‐Like Macules in Chinese Patients. Lasers Surg Med 2020; 52:935-939. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ding
- Department of Cosmetic Laser Surgery, Hospital for Skin Disease and Institute of Dermatology Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Jiangwangmiao Street 12, Xuanwu District Nanjing 210042 Jiangsu China
| | - Yin Yang
- Department of Cosmetic Laser Surgery, Hospital for Skin Disease and Institute of Dermatology Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Jiangwangmiao Street 12, Xuanwu District Nanjing 210042 Jiangsu China
| | - Lifang Guo
- Department of Cosmetic Laser Surgery, Hospital for Skin Disease and Institute of Dermatology Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Jiangwangmiao Street 12, Xuanwu District Nanjing 210042 Jiangsu China
| | - Tong Lin
- Department of Cosmetic Laser Surgery, Hospital for Skin Disease and Institute of Dermatology Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Jiangwangmiao Street 12, Xuanwu District Nanjing 210042 Jiangsu China
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Kaur H, Sarma P, Kaur S, Kaur H, Prajapat M, Mahendiratta S, Kumar S, Thota P, Parsad D, Medhi B. Therapeutic options for management of Hori's nevus: A systematic review. Dermatol Ther 2019; 33:e13167. [PMID: 31714651 DOI: 10.1111/dth.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hori's nevus is a pigmentation disorder reported mainly in middle-aged Asian women. There is no systematic review addressing its pharmacotherapy. The population for our systematic review was patients with a clinical/histological diagnosis of Hori's nevus (both sex, any age group). We screened five literature databases using relevant keywords. All RCTs, observational studies and case series mentioning at least one intervention and outcome of that intervention were included. Nineteen studies were included in the final systematic review from total 680 identified nonduplicate records. Different forms of laser (alexandrite laser [QSAL and PSAL], Nd:YAG laser [QSNYL high fluence, low fluence, 532 followed by 1064 nm], Er: YAG and Nd:YAG combination, ruby laser [QSRL], CO2 laser followed by QSRL) and dermabrasion were found to be useful in treatment of Hori' nevus. Among alexandrite lasers, PSAL is more efficacious and safe than QSAL. In case of high fluence QSNYL, hyperpigmentation rate is quite high while low fluence QSNYL requires more number of treatment sessions. The combined 1064 nm + 532 nm protocol is better in terms of efficacy and safety. Er:YAG + Nd:YAG combination have similar efficacy and added advantage of synergistic action and no adverse event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpinder Kaur
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Phulen Sarma
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sukhmandeep Kaur
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Prasad Thota
- Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Davinder Parsad
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology, Leprology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
| | - Bikash Medhi
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
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Zeng X, Qiu Y, Xiang W. In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy for evaluating common facial hyperpigmentation. Skin Res Technol 2019; 26:215-219. [PMID: 31544996 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In clinical settings, atypical facial hyperpigmentation such as nevus of Ota, acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules (ABNOM), melasma, and café-au-lait spots are often missed and misdiagnosed. Summarizing in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) features of the hyperpigmentation is helpful in the diagnosis of ambiguous lesions. METHODS We recruited 196 patients referred for unequivocal facial hyperpigmentation, including 55 patients with nevus of Ota, 45 patients with ABNOM, 62 patients with melasma, and 34 patients with café-au-lait spots. The RCM images were evaluated at the epidermis, the dermis-epidermis junction (DEJ), and the upper papillary dermis from both hyperpigmented patches and normal skin. RESULTS In the superficial and middle dermis, 41 of 55 patients (74.5%) with nevus of Ota were characterized by a cord-like or lumpy structure between the collagen fibers. And there was no melanin deposition detected in the dermis in 14 of 55 (25.5%) patients. In ABNOM, 37 of 45 (82.2%) patients were characterized by a cord-like or lumpy structure in the superficial dermis and 8 of 45 patients (17.8%) was no melanin deposition detected in the dermis. The epidermis was no difference between nevus of Ota, ABNOM, and the normal skin. Melasma was detected increased cobblestone pattern in the epidermis of all patients, branching architecture in 21 of 62 patients (33.9%), and focally aggregated round to triangular cells in the upper dermis of 18 of 62 patients (29.0%). In all patients with afé-au-lait spots, increased cobblestone pattern in the epidermis and regular and increased density of ringed pattern in the DEJ were visualized. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that RCM may be useful in the auxiliary diagnosis of nevus of Ota, ABNOM, melasma, and café-au-lait spots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Third Hospital of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Qiu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Hospital of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenzhong Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
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Passeron T, Genedy R, Salah L, Fusade T, Kositratna G, Laubach H, Marini L, Badawi A. Laser treatment of hyperpigmented lesions: position statement of the European Society of Laser in Dermatology. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:987-1005. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Passeron
- Department of Dermatology Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nice Université Côté d'Azur Nice France
- INSERM U1065, Team 12, C3M Université Côté d'Azur Nice France
| | - R. Genedy
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Dermatology Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt
| | - L. Salah
- Ministry of Health Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | | | - G. Kositratna
- Department of Dermatology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
| | - H.‐J. Laubach
- Department of Dermatology Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève Geneva Switzerland
| | - L. Marini
- The Skin Doctors Center Trieste Italy
| | - A. Badawi
- National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences Cairo University Giza Egypt
- Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
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A split-face, single-blinded, randomized controlled comparison of alexandrite 755-nm picosecond laser versus alexandrite 755-nm nanosecond laser in the treatment of acquired bilateral nevus of Ota–like macules. J Am Acad Dermatol 2018; 79:479-486. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2017.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Vrcek I, Ozgur O, Nakra T. Infraorbital Dark Circles: A Review of the Pathogenesis, Evaluation and Treatment. J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2016; 9:65-72. [PMID: 27398005 PMCID: PMC4924417 DOI: 10.4103/0974-2077.184046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Infraorbital dark circles represent a common and multifactorial challenge in the world of aesthetic medicine and are the result of a variety of factors including deep facial anatomy, soft tissue changes, as well as contributions from the skin. A variety of treatment options exist, and a customised management strategy can be developed for the particular anatomic changes present. A literature search using MEDLINE and non-MEDLINE sources was performed utilising keywords including: ‘Dark circles’ ‘infraorbital dark circles’, ‘infraorbital pigment’, ‘under-eye circles’ and ‘lower eyelid bags’. A comprehensive review of the literature was performed and the data were assimilated with evidence from our practice. This review provides a detailed discussion of the aetiology, pathogenesis, evaluation and management of infraorbital dark circles. An understanding of the deep and superficial anatomy is crucial to the management of this complex entity. The armamentarium for treatment includes minimally invasive interventions such as makeup and cosmeceuticals, a variety of laser and chemical treatments, fillers and fat transfer, as well as more invasive surgical manoeuvres.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Omar Ozgur
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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14
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Effect of an Epidermal Growth Factor-Containing Cream on Postinflammatory Hyperpigmentation After Q-Switched 532-nm Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser Treatment. Dermatol Surg 2015; 41:131-5. [DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000000197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Tang J, Li Q, Cheng B, Jing L. Primary culture of human face skin melanocytes for the study of hyperpigmentation. Cytotechnology 2013; 66:891-8. [PMID: 24113919 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-013-9643-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Facial epidermal pigmentation and skin tumors can be caused by UV exposure and other physical and chemical irritations. In this report we describe the primary culture of melanocytes from human face skin. The ability to culture these melanocytes will enable their morphological and biological properties to be investigated. Skin specimens were obtained from patients who had undergone lower blepharoplasty procedures. Digestion with neutral protease and trypsin was used to obtain single cell suspensions of epidermal cells. The cells were cultured in M254 medium supplemented with human melanocyte growth solution. Cell morphology was observed using inverted microscopy. Melanocytes were positively identified using both L-DOPA staining and S-100 protein immunohistochemical staining. Immunofluorescence was used to confirm the expression of tyrosinase-related protein-1, a melanocyte-specific protein. The cellular ultrastructure of the melanocytes was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The cultured human melanocytes from face skin were multi-dendritic, and many mature melanosomes were observed. Therefore, using a specific culture medium, melanocytes from face skin can be successfully cultured and made available for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Tang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Key Laboratory of Trauma Treatment and Tissue Repair of Tropical Area, HuaBo Bio-pharmaceutic Institute of Guangzhou, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, 510010, People's Republic of China
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