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Bracesco N, Sosa V, Blanc L, Contreras V, Candreva EC, Salvo VA, Hocart S, Mechoso B, Nunes E. Analysis of radioprotection and antimutagenic effects of Ilex paraguariensis infusion and its component rutin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 51:e7404. [PMID: 30020319 PMCID: PMC6050948 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20187404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
DNA repair pathways, cell cycle checkpoints, and redox protection systems are essential factors for securing genomic stability. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of Ilex paraguariensis (Ip) infusion and one of its polyphenolic components rutin on cellular and molecular damage induced by ionizing radiation. Ip is a beverage drank by most inhabitants of Argentina, Paraguay, Southern Brazil, and Uruguay. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC7Klys 2-3) was used as the eukaryotic model. Exponentially growing cells were exposed to gamma rays (γ) in the presence or absence of Ip or rutin. The concentrations used simulated those found in the habitual infusion. Surviving fractions, mutation frequency, and DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) were determined after treatments. A significant increase in surviving fractions after gamma irradiation was observed following combined exposure to γ+R, or γ+Ip. Upon these concomitant treatments, mutation and DSB frequency decreased significantly. In the mutant strain deficient in MEC1, a significant increase in γ sensitivity and a low effect of rutin on γ-induced chromosomal fragmentation was observed. Results were interpreted in the framework of a model of interaction between radiation-induced free radicals, DNA repair pathways, and checkpoint controls, where the DNA damage that induced activation of MEC1 nodal point of the network could be modulated by Ip components including rutin. Furthermore, ionizing radiation-induced redox cascades can be interrupted by rutin potential and other protectors contained in Ip.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bracesco
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - V Sosa
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - L Blanc
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - V Contreras
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - E C Candreva
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - V A Salvo
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Ponce School of Medicine Health Sciences, Ponce, Puerto Rico.,Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Ponce School of Medicine Health Sciences, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - S Hocart
- Peptide Research, Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - B Mechoso
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - E Nunes
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Gonda M, Nieves M, Nunes E, López de Ceráin A, Monge A, Lavaggi ML, González M, Cerecetto H. Phenazine N,N′-dioxide scaffold as selective hypoxic cytotoxin pharmacophore. Structural modifications looking for further DNA topoisomerase II-inhibition activity. MEDCHEMCOMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3md00022b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model system to study the response to anticancer agents. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2012; 70:491-502. [PMID: 22851206 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-012-1937-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The development of new strategies for cancer therapeutics is indispensable for the improvement of standard protocols and the creation of other possibilities in cancer treatment. Yeast models have been employed to study numerous molecular aspects directly related to cancer development, as well as to determine the genetic contexts associated with anticancer drug sensitivity or resistance. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae presents conserved cellular processes with high homology to humans, and it is a rapid, inexpensive and efficient compound screening tool. However, yeast models are still underused in cancer research and for screening of antineoplastic agents. Here, the employment of S. cerevisiae as a model system to anticancer research is discussed and exemplified. Focusing on the important determinants in genomic maintenance and cancer development, including DNA repair, cell cycle control and epigenetics, this review proposes the use of mutant yeast panels to mimic cancer phenotypes, screen and study tumor features and synthetic lethal interactions. Finally, the benefits and limitations of the yeast model are highlighted, as well as the strategies to overcome S. cerevisiae model limitations.
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Hazra B, Ghosh S, Kumar A, Pandey BN. The prospective role of plant products in radiotherapy of cancer: a current overview. Front Pharmacol 2012; 2:94. [PMID: 22291649 PMCID: PMC3253585 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2011.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of cancer often requires exposure to radiation, which has several limitations involving non-specific toxicity toward normal cells, reducing the efficacy of treatment. Efforts are going on to find chemical compounds which would effectively offer protection to the normal tissues after radiation exposure during radiotherapy of cancer. In this regard, plant-derived compounds might serve as “leads” to design ideal radioprotectors/radiosensitizers. This article reviews some of the recent findings on prospective medicinal plants, phytochemicals, and their analogs, based on both in vitro and in vivo tumor models especially focused with relevance to cancer radiotherapy. Also, pertinent discussion has been presented on the molecular mechanism of apoptotic death in relation to the oxidative stress in cancer cells induced by some of these plant samples and their active constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banasri Hazra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University Kolkata, India.
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