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Rizzolo-Brime L, Caro-Garcia EM, Alegre-Miranda CA, Felez-Nobrega M, Zamora-Ros R. Lignan exposure: a worldwide perspective. Eur J Nutr 2021; 61:1143-1165. [PMID: 34799775 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02736-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Dietary lignans are phytoestrogens that are mostly found in plant-based foods, especially whole grains, seeds, nuts, legumes and vegetables. An accurate assessment of lignan exposure is crucial to evaluate their potential health benefits and to establish future recommendations and dietary guidelines. This narrative review aimed to (i) summarize the pros and the cons of the current main assessment methods for lignan exposure─i.e., dietary questionnaires, food composition tables and biomarkers, (ii) describe the individual lignans more consumed from a worldwide perspective, as well as their main food sources, (iii) determine the lignans concentrations in both urine and blood, and explore their heterogeneity among countries, and finally (iv) discuss the main determinants of lignan exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Rizzolo-Brime
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Av Gran Via 199-203, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elida M Caro-Garcia
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Av Gran Via 199-203, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cynthia A Alegre-Miranda
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Av Gran Via 199-203, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Raul Zamora-Ros
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Av Gran Via 199-203, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Dong Y, Hao L, Fang K, Han XX, Yu H, Zhang JJ, Cai LJ, Fan T, Zhang WD, Pang K, Ma WM, Wang XT, Han CH. A network pharmacology perspective for deciphering potential mechanisms of action of Solanum nigrum L. in bladder cancer. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:45. [PMID: 33494738 PMCID: PMC7836472 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03215-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solanum nigrum L. decoction has been used as a folklore medicine in China to prevent the postoperative recurrence of bladder cancer (BC). However, there are no previous pharmacological studies on the protective mechanisms of this activity of the plant. Thus, this study aimed to perform a systematic analysis and to predict the potential action mechanisms underlying S. nigrum activity in BC based on network pharmacology. METHODS Based on network pharmacology, the active ingredients of S. nigrum and the corresponding targets were identified using the Traditional Chinese Medicines for Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform database, and BC-related genes were screened using GeneCards and the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man database. In addition, ingredient-target (I-T) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed using STRING and Cytoscape, Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted, and then the pathways directly related to BC were integrated manually to reveal the pharmacological mechanism underlying S. nigrum-medicated therapeutic effects in BC. RESULTS Seven active herbal ingredients from 39 components of S. nigrum were identified, which shared 77 common target genes related to BC. I-T network analysis revealed that quercetin was associated with all targets and that NCOA2 was targeted by four ingredients. Besides, interleukin 6 had the highest degree value in the PPI network, indicating a hub role. A subsequent gene enrichment analysis yielded 86 significant GO terms and 89 significant pathways, implying that S. nigrum had therapeutic benefits in BC through multi-pathway effects, including the HIF-1, TNF, P53, MAPK, PI3K/Akt, apoptosis and bladder cancer pathway. CONCLUSIONS S. nigrum may mediate pharmacological effects in BC through multi-target and various signaling pathways. Further validation is required experimentally. Network pharmacology approach provides a predicative novel strategy to reveal the holistic mechanism of action of herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Dong
- Department of Urology, XuZhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiefang South Road, No. 199, Jiangsu, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lin Hao
- Department of Urology, XuZhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiefang South Road, No. 199, Jiangsu, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kun Fang
- Xuzhou Clinical Medical College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Han
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum-Tower Hospital Group, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Long-Jun Cai
- Department of Urology, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum-Tower Hospital Group, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Tao Fan
- Department of Urology, XuZhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiefang South Road, No. 199, Jiangsu, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wen-da Zhang
- Department of Urology, XuZhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiefang South Road, No. 199, Jiangsu, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kun Pang
- Department of Urology, XuZhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiefang South Road, No. 199, Jiangsu, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei-Ming Ma
- Department of Urology, XuZhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiefang South Road, No. 199, Jiangsu, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xi-Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, XuZhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiefang South Road, No. 199, Jiangsu, Xuzhou, China
| | - Cong-Hui Han
- Department of Urology, XuZhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiefang South Road, No. 199, Jiangsu, Xuzhou, China. .,Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China. .,Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.
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Boucher BA, Wanigaratne S, Harris SA, Cotterchio M. Postdiagnosis Isoflavone and Lignan Intake in Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Patients: Cross-Sectional Survey Shows Considerable Intake from Previously Unassessed High-Lignan Foods. Curr Dev Nutr 2018; 2:nzx009. [PMID: 30377679 PMCID: PMC6201681 DOI: 10.3945/cdn.117.002063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isoflavones and lignans (phytoestrogens) are dietary components with potential anticarcinogenic effects. Although the intake of isoflavones and lignans may affect breast cancer treatment and prognosis-and associations may differ by menopausal status-postdiagnosis intake data are limited. OBJECTIVE We aimed to describe postdiagnosis isoflavone and lignan intake in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients, examine differences by menopausal status and phytoestrogen type, and inform the assessment of diet and survival in future prognostic studies. METHODS Our cross-sectional study included 278 women aged 25-74 y, diagnosed with pathologically confirmed breast cancer in April-May 2010 and identified using the Ontario Cancer Registry. Intake in the previous 2 mo was assessed using questionnaires listing 17 soy and 3 high-lignan foods (flaxseed, flaxseed bread, sesame seeds), completed 71 d after breast cancer diagnosis, on average. Food consumption by menopausal status was examined. Geometric mean and median phytoestrogen intakes were estimated among all patients and in consumers only; differences by menopausal status and phytoestrogen type were assessed. RESULTS Among all patients, foods were similarly consumed by menopausal status and isoflavone intakes were low (median: 56 µg/d). Consumers (n = 219) had higher intakes (median isoflavones: 1808 µg/d); 7% of isoflavone and 21% of lignan consumers had intakes ≥10 mg/d. Intakes were higher in premenopausal than in postmenopausal consumers, particularly for lignans, but were not significantly different (median lignans: 4375 compared with 1863 µg/d; P = 0.07). Lignans were significantly higher than isoflavones among most consumers (postmenopausal means: 746 compared with 100 µg/d; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Postdiagnosis lignan intakes from 3 high-content foods may be considerable among newly diagnosed breast cancer patients, yet they have been unassessed in previous prognostic studies. The inclusion of these foods in dietary assessment methods may improve future intake estimates and the distributions on which breast cancer survival analyses are based.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice A Boucher
- Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susitha Wanigaratne
- Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shelley A Harris
- Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michelle Cotterchio
- Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Antifungal Compounds against Candida Infections from Traditional Chinese Medicine. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4614183. [PMID: 29445739 PMCID: PMC5763084 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4614183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Infections caused by Candida albicans, often refractory and with high morbidity and mortality, cause a heavy burden on the public health while the current antifungal drugs are limited and are associated with toxicity and resistance. Many plant-derived molecules including compounds isolated from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) are reported to have antifungal activity through different targets such as cell membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, and virulence factors. Here, we review the recent progress in the anti-Candida compounds from TCM, as well as their antifungal mechanisms. Considering the diverse targets and structures, compounds from TCM might be a potential library for antifungal drug development.
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