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Gázquez A, Sabater-Molina M, Domínguez-López I, Sánchez-Campillo M, Torrento N, Tibau J, Moreno-Muñoz JA, Rodríguez-Palmero M, López-Sabater MC, Larqué E. Milk fat globule membrane plus milk fat increase docosahexaenoic acid availability in infant formulas. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:833-845. [PMID: 36280613 PMCID: PMC9941230 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03024-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) has components with emulsifier properties that could affect the provision of substrates to the brain. We evaluated the effects of MFGM plus milk fat addition to infant formulas on docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) availability and gut development. METHODS In Experiment 1, suckling piglets were divided into 3 groups: Group L1 (n = 8): fed with a vegetal fat formula with palm oil; L2 (n = 8): canola oil formula and L3 (n = 8): milk fat + canola oil + 1% Lacprodan (3% MFGM of total protein content). In Experiment 2, Group L4 (n = 7): fed with canola oil + 1% Lacprodan (3% MFGM) and Group L5 (n = 5): milk fat + canola oil + 2% Lacprodan (6% MFGM). All formulas contained 0.2% DHA and 0.2% arachidonic acid. RESULTS In Experiment 1, DHA was similar among the groups in both total fatty acids and plasma phospholipids (PL). However, 3% MFGM (L3) increased significantly the proportion of DHA and LC-PUFA n-3 in liver total fatty acids, jejunum, and also in jejunum PL respect to the other formulas. There were no changes in gut histology, cell proliferation, apoptosis, or brain DHA content. In Experiment 2, higher MFGM dose was used. Then, higher DHA was not only found in peripheral tissues of 6% MFGM (L5) piglets but also in plasma PL, while a similar trend was observed in cortex PL (p = 0.123). CONCLUSION In conclusion, MFGM plus milk fat may increase DHA availability of infant formulas which could contribute to their beneficial health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gázquez
- grid.10586.3a0000 0001 2287 8496Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Campus Mare Nostrum, Murcia, Spain ,grid.452553.00000 0004 8504 7077Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - María Sabater-Molina
- grid.452553.00000 0004 8504 7077Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Inés Domínguez-López
- grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Sánchez-Campillo
- grid.10586.3a0000 0001 2287 8496Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Campus Mare Nostrum, Murcia, Spain ,grid.452553.00000 0004 8504 7077Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Neus Torrento
- grid.8581.40000 0001 1943 6646Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Monells, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Tibau
- grid.8581.40000 0001 1943 6646Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Monells, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - María C. López-Sabater
- grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elvira Larqué
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Campus Mare Nostrum, Murcia, Spain. .,Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.
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Nieto-Ruiz A, García-Santos JA, Verdejo-Román J, Diéguez E, Sepúlveda-Valbuena N, Herrmann F, Cerdó T, De-Castellar R, Jiménez J, Bermúdez MG, Pérez-García M, Miranda MT, López-Sabater MC, Catena A, Campoy C. Infant Formula Supplemented With Milk Fat Globule Membrane, Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, and Synbiotics Is Associated With Neurocognitive Function and Brain Structure of Healthy Children Aged 6 Years: The COGNIS Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:820224. [PMID: 35356726 PMCID: PMC8959863 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.820224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adequate nutrient intake during the first few months of life plays a critical role on brain structure and function development. Objectives To analyze the long-term effects of an experimental infant formula (EF) on neurocognitive function and brain structure in healthy children aged 6 years compared to those fed with a standard infant formula or breastfed. Methods The current study involved 108 healthy children aged 6 years and participating in the COGNIS Study. At 0-2 months, infants were randomized to receive up to 18 months of life a standard infant formula (SF) or EF enriched with milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) and synbiotics. Furthermore, a reference group of breastfed (BF) infants were also recruited. Children were assessed using neurocognitive tests and structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) at 6 years old. Results Experimental infant formula (EF) children showed greater volumes in the left orbital cortex, higher vocabulary scores and IQ, and better performance in an attention task than BF children. EF children also presented greater volumes in parietal regions than SF kids. Additionally, greater cortical thickness in the insular, parietal, and temporal areas were found in children from the EF group than those fed with SF or BF groups. Further correlation analyses suggest that higher volumes and cortical thickness of different parietal and frontal regions are associated with better cognitive development in terms of language (verbal comprehension) and executive function (working memory). Finally, arachidonic acid (ARA), adrenic acid (AdA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels in cheek cell glycerophospholipids, ARA/DHA ratio, and protein, fatty acid, and mineral intake during the first 18 months of life seem to be associated with changes in the brain structures at 6 years old. Conclusions Supplemented infant formula with MFGM components, LC-PUFAs, and synbiotics seems to be associated to long-term effects on neurocognitive development and brain structure in children at 6 years old. Clinical Trial Registration https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier: NCT02094547.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Nieto-Ruiz
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Health Sciences Technological Park, Granada, Spain
- EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José A. García-Santos
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Health Sciences Technological Park, Granada, Spain
- EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Verdejo-Román
- Department of Personality, Assessment & Psychological Treatment, School of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Estefanía Diéguez
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Health Sciences Technological Park, Granada, Spain
- EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Natalia Sepúlveda-Valbuena
- Nutrition and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Florian Herrmann
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Tomás Cerdó
- EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Mercedes G. Bermúdez
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Health Sciences Technological Park, Granada, Spain
- EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Pérez-García
- Department of Personality, Assessment & Psychological Treatment, School of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Centre—CIMCYC, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - M. Teresa Miranda
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - M. Carmen López-Sabater
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària de la UB (INSA-UB), Barcelona, Spain
- National Network of Research in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III (Barcelona's Node), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Catena
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Centre—CIMCYC, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Experimental Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Campoy
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Health Sciences Technological Park, Granada, Spain
- EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- National Network of Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III (Granada's Node), Madrid, Spain
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