Very Late Relapse in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report and Brief Literature Review.
J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2021;
43:236-239. [PMID:
33136777 DOI:
10.1097/mph.0000000000001989]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogenous group of diseases affecting ~500 children in the United States annually. With current therapy, 90% of these children will obtain complete remission. However, 30% to 40% of these patients will relapse, most commonly within the first 3 years. Very late relapses, defined as relapse occurring >5 years after complete remission, are rare, accounting for 1% to 3% of relapses. We describe a patient with AML harboring an AFDN/KMT2A translocation who relapsed 12 years after matched sibling stem cell transplant, provide a brief review of the relevant literature, and describe proposed mechanisms to explain very late relapse AML.
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