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Zhou Y, Chen Y, Huang X, Tan Y, Hu R, Li C, Niu M. A Supramolecular Nanomedicine Based on Bendamustine and MDM2-Targeted D-peptide Inhibitor for Breast Cancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100980. [PMID: 34558228 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bendamustine (BEN) is a FDA-approved bifunctional DNA-alkylating chemotherapy drug, but it suffers from short half-life, instability, and poor biocompatibility in the clinical application. Due to unique biostability of d-amino acid-containing peptides (D-peptides), constructing D-peptide-small molecule drug conjugates is emerging as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Here, a high-affinity MDM2-targeted D-peptide (peptide 5) is discovered by applying structure-based drug design (SBDD). Taking the advantages of d-amino acids, a novel self-assembling D-peptide-small molecule drug conjugate (BEN-FF-peptide 5) is developed by simultaneously conjugating small molecule drug BEN and peptide 5 to the self-assembling peptide. In vitro results demonstrate that BEN-FF-peptide 5 exhibits superior cellular uptake ability, good biostability in human serum and strong inhibitory effect on the growth of human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. In vivo study reveals that BEN-FF-peptide 5 significantly inhibits the growth of MCF-7 cells-derived xenograft in nude mice with no obvious side effects. This work provides a useful strategy to construct D-peptide-small molecule drug conjugates for high-efficacy and low-toxicity cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Yaxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Xing Huang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Yingying Tan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Rong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Chong Li
- Medical Research Institute College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Miao‐Miao Niu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
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Gay F, Günther A, Offidani M, Engelhardt M, Salvini M, Montefusco V, Patriarca F, Aquino S, Pönisch W, Spada S, Schub N, Gentili S, Wäsch R, Corradini P, Straka C, Palumbo A, Einsele H, Boccadoro M, Sonneveld P, Gramatzki M. Carfilzomib, bendamustine, and dexamethasone in patients with advanced multiple myeloma: The EMN09 phase 1/2 study of the European Myeloma Network. Cancer 2021; 127:3413-3421. [PMID: 34181755 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combined therapy with carfilzomib, bendamustine, and dexamethasone was evaluated in this multicenter phase 1/2 trial conducted within the European Myeloma Network (EMN09 trial). METHODS Sixty-three patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma who had received ≥2 lines of prior therapy were included. The phase 1 portion of the study determined the maximum tolerated dose of carfilzomib with bendamustine set at 70 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8. After 8 cycles, responding patients received maintenance therapy with carfilzomib and dexamethasone until progression. RESULTS On the basis of the phase 1 results, the recommended phase 2 dose for carfilzomib was 27 mg/m2 twice weekly in weeks 1, 2, and 3. Fifty-two percent of patients achieved a partial response or better, and 32% reached a very good partial response or better. The clinical benefit rate was 93%. After a median follow-up of 21.9 months, the median progression-free survival was 11.6 months, and the median overall survival was 30.4 months. The reported grade ≥3 hematologic adverse events (AEs) were lymphopenia (29%), neutropenia (25%), and thrombocytopenia (22%). The main nonhematologic grade ≥3 AEs were pneumonia, thromboembolic events (10%), cardiac AEs (8%), and hypertension (2%). CONCLUSIONS In heavily pretreated patients who have relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, combined carfilzomib, bendamustine, and dexamethasone is an effective treatment option administered in the outpatient setting. Infection prophylaxis and attention to patients with cardiovascular predisposition are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gay
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Andreas Günther
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Massimo Offidani
- Hematology Clinic, AOU Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Monika Engelhardt
- Department for Hematology and Oncology, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Salvini
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Vittorio Montefusco
- Hematology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Sara Aquino
- Ematologia e Centro Trapianti, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Wolfram Pönisch
- Department of Hematology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefano Spada
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Natalie Schub
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Ralph Wäsch
- Department for Hematology and Oncology, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Paolo Corradini
- Hematology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Christian Straka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Munich Clinic Schwabing, Munich, Germany
| | - Antonio Palumbo
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Hermann Einsele
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mario Boccadoro
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Pieter Sonneveld
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Gramatzki
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Gourzones C, Bret C, Moreaux J. Treatment May Be Harmful: Mechanisms/Prediction/Prevention of Drug-Induced DNA Damage and Repair in Multiple Myeloma. Front Genet 2019; 10:861. [PMID: 31620167 PMCID: PMC6759943 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy characterized by accumulation of malignant plasma cells within the bone marrow (BM). MM is considered mostly without definitive treatment because of the inability of standard of care therapies to overcome drug-resistant relapse. Genotoxic agents are used in the treatment of MM and exploit the fact that DNA double-strand breaks are highly cytotoxic for cancer cells. However, their mutagenic effects are well-established and described. According to these effects, chemotherapy could cause harmful DNA damage associated with new driver genomic abnormalities providing selective advantage, drug resistance, and higher relapse risk. Several mechanisms associated with MM cell (MMC) resistance to genotoxic agents have been described, underlining MM heterogeneity. The understanding of these mechanisms provides several therapeutic strategies to overcome drug resistance and limit mutagenic effects of treatment in MM. According to this heterogeneity, adopting precision medicine into clinical practice, with the development of biomarkers, has the potential to improve MM disease management and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline Bret
- IGH, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, France.,Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Univ Montpellier, UFR de Médecine, Montpellier, France
| | - Jerome Moreaux
- IGH, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, France.,Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Univ Montpellier, UFR de Médecine, Montpellier, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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4
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Shevchuk O, Snezhkova E, Sarnatskaya V, Mikhailenko V, Glavin A, Makovetska L, Bardakhivska K, Birchenko I, Kozynchenko O, Nikolaev V. Effect of Primary and Secondary Beads of Carbon Enterosorbent on Haematological Parameters and Oxidative Stress Development Caused by Melphalan in Rats. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2019; 55:E557. [PMID: 31480729 PMCID: PMC6780921 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55090557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Side effects of anti-cancer drugs are usually accompanied by oxidative stress, including myelotoxicity. We evaluated the potential of oral highly activated micro-/macroporous carbon adsorbents (bulk density of 0.16 g/cm3, surface area calculation by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller model (SBET) > 2200 m2/g, derived from proprietary phenolic resin beads) to alleviate oxidative stress and myelotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: A single injection of cytostatic melphalan (L-PAM) at a dose of 4 mg/kg was used for modelling. Two forms of activated carbon were used: AC1-primary beads with the particle size range of 125-250 µm, and AC2-micronized AC1 with a mean particle size of ~1 µm. We measured haematological parameters white blood cells, red blood cells, platelet count, and haemoglobin level. Oxidative stress intensity was evaluated using the following markers: total levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in blood plasma; catalase activity (CAT) and pro-oxidant/antioxidant ratio in blood haemolysate samples; level of reduced glutathione (GSH) in liver tissues; oxidative modification of proteins, OPM (APHD, aldehyde-dinitrophenylhydrazone derivatives and KPHD, ketone dinitrophenylhydrazone derivatives) and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) in blood plasma and liver samples. Results: AC2 administration promoted significant myeloprotective effect: 1.5-fold increase in leukocytes, 2-fold in neutrophils, 1.5-fold in lymphocytes, and 1.23-fold in platelet count compared to the experimental Melphalan Group. At the same time, AC1 administration resulted in a slight increase in haematological parameters. Both ACs positively corrected important, but diverse, components of oxidative stress. They significantly reduced oxidative modification of blood and liver proteins (especially the AC1 form), normalized the level of reduced glutathione, pro-oxidant/antioxidant ratio and other markers. For some markers, such as ROS production in blood plasma, the use of enterosorbents resulted in non-significant a shift towards normal parameters. Conclusions: Oral activated carbon adsorbents reduce oxidative stress intensity and myelotoxicity; they can be promising means to combat the adverse effects of chemotherapy in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Shevchuk
- I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine.
| | - Elisaveta Snezhkova
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology (IEPOR) of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 03022 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Veronika Sarnatskaya
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology (IEPOR) of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 03022 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Victor Mikhailenko
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology (IEPOR) of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 03022 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Alexei Glavin
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology (IEPOR) of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 03022 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Lyudmyla Makovetska
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology (IEPOR) of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 03022 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Kvitoslava Bardakhivska
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology (IEPOR) of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 03022 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Inna Birchenko
- I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | | | - Volodymyr Nikolaev
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology (IEPOR) of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 03022 Kyiv, Ukraine
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Stratmann J, van Kann E, Rummelt C, Koschade S, Röllig C, Lübbert M, Schaich M, Parmentier S, Sebastian M, Chromik J, Becker von Rose A, Ballo O, Steffen B, Serve H, Brandts C, Shaid S. Low-dose melphalan in elderly patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia: A well-tolerated and effective treatment after hypomethylating-agent failure. Leuk Res 2019; 85:106192. [PMID: 31445469 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2019.106192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Relapsed or refractory (R/R) disease remains challenging in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), especially in elderly patients not considered eligible for intensive treatment options. We retrospectively evaluated the safety and efficacy of low-dose melphalan (LD-Mel) in a multicenter analysis in patients over 65 years with R/R AML, who previously had received ≥1 non-curative treatment line. The study included 31 patients (median age 77 years) with 1-4 previous treatment lines. Three patients (9.7%) achieved a complete remission. Two patients (6.5%) achieved a partial remission, nine patients (29.0%) had disease stabilization with reduction of peripheral or bone marrow blast burden, resulting in an overall response rate of 16.1% and 45.2% achieved clinical benefit. Responders showed a significantly longer median overall survival than non-responders (16.3 vs. 2.3 months, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified complex karyotype as the only risk factor associated with inferior survival (p < 0.001), whereas prior treatment with hypomethylating agents (HMAs) in 25 of 31 patients was associated with superior OS, regardless of prior response to HMAs (p = 0.03). LD-Mel was well tolerated, with mild myelosuppressive side effects. Conclusively, LD-Mel is an effective treatment option in elderly patients with R/R AML, particularly after HMA therapy and in the absence of a complex karyotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Stratmann
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth van Kann
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christoph Rummelt
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Koschade
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christoph Röllig
- Department of Hematology, Carl Gustav Carus University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Lübbert
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany
| | - Markus Schaich
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Rems-Murr-Klinikum Winnenden, Germany
| | - Stefani Parmentier
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Rems-Murr-Klinikum Winnenden, Germany
| | - Martin Sebastian
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Joerg Chromik
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Aaron Becker von Rose
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Olivier Ballo
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Björn Steffen
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Hubert Serve
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christian Brandts
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Shabnam Shaid
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany
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6
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Diethelm-Varela B, Ai Y, Liang D, Xue F. Nitrogen Mustards as Anticancer Chemotherapies: Historic Perspective, Current Developments and Future Trends. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:691-712. [PMID: 30931858 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190401100519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen mustards, a family of DNA alkylating agents, marked the start of cancer pharmacotherapy. While traditionally characterized by their dose-limiting toxic effects, nitrogen mustards have been the subject of intense research efforts, which have led to safer and more effective agents. Even though the alkylating prodrug mustards were first developed decades ago, active research on ways to improve their selectivity and cytotoxic efficacy is a currently active topic of research. This review addresses the historical development of the nitrogen mustards, outlining their mechanism of action, and discussing the improvements on their therapeutic profile made through rational structure modifications. A special emphasis is made on discussing the nitrogen mustard prodrug category, with Cyclophosphamide (CPA) serving as the main highlight. Selected insights on the latest developments on nitrogen mustards are then provided, limiting such information to agents that preserve the original nitrogen mustard mechanism as their primary mode of action. Additionally, future trends that might follow in the quest to optimize these invaluable chemotherapeutic medications are succinctly suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Diethelm-Varela
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Yong Ai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Dongdong Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Fengtian Xue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
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7
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Gourzones C, Bellanger C, Lamure S, Gadacha OK, De Paco EG, Vincent L, Cartron G, Klein B, Moreaux J. Antioxidant Defenses Confer Resistance to High Dose Melphalan in Multiple Myeloma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040439. [PMID: 30925767 PMCID: PMC6521290 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological cancer after lymphoma. It is characterized by the accumulation of clonal malignant plasma cells within the bone marrow. The development of drug resistance remains a major problem for effective treatment of MM. Understand the mechanisms underlying drug resistance in MM is a focal point to improve MM treatment. Methods: In the current study, we analyzed further the role of redox imbalance induction in melphalan-induced toxicity both in human myeloma cell lines (HMCLs) and primary myeloma cells from patients. Results: We developed an in-vitro model of short-term resistance to high-dose melphalan and identified that pretreatment with physiological concentration of GSH protects HMCLs from melphalan-induced cell cycle arrest and cytotoxicity. We validated these results using primary MM cells from patients co-cultured with their bone marrow microenvironment. GSH did not affect the ability of melphalan to induce DNA damages in MM cells. Interestingly, melphalan induced reactive oxygen species, a significant decrease in GSH concentration, protein and lipd oxydation together with NRF2 (NF-E2-related factor 2) pathway activation. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that antioxidant defenses confers resistance to high dose melphalan in MM cells, supporting that redox status in MM cells could be determinant for patients’ response to melphalan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Gourzones
- IGH, CNRS, University of Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France.
| | - Céline Bellanger
- IGH, CNRS, University of Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France.
| | - Sylvain Lamure
- Department of Clinical Hematology, CHU Montpellier, 34395 Montpellier, France.
| | | | | | - Laure Vincent
- Department of Clinical Hematology, CHU Montpellier, 34395 Montpellier, France.
| | - Guillaume Cartron
- Department of Clinical Hematology, CHU Montpellier, 34395 Montpellier, France.
- Univ Montpellier, UFR de Médecine, 34000 Montpellier, France.
- Univ Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5235, 34000 Montpellier, France.
| | - Bernard Klein
- IGH, CNRS, University of Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France.
- Univ Montpellier, UFR de Médecine, 34000 Montpellier, France.
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France.
| | - Jérôme Moreaux
- IGH, CNRS, University of Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France.
- Univ Montpellier, UFR de Médecine, 34000 Montpellier, France.
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France.
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8
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Koomen DC, Guingab-Cagmat JD, Oliveira PS, Fang B, Liu M, Welsh EA, Meads MB, Nguyen T, Meke L, Eschrich SA, Shain KH, Garrett TJ, Koomen JM. Proteometabolomics of Melphalan Resistance in Multiple Myeloma. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1996:273-296. [PMID: 31127562 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9488-5_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance remains a critical problem for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), which can serve as a specific example for a highly prevalent unmet medical need across almost all cancer types. In MM, the therapeutic arsenal has expanded and diversified, yet we still lack in-depth molecular understanding of drug mechanisms of action and cellular pathways to therapeutic escape. For those reasons, preclinical models of drug resistance are developed and characterized using different approaches to gain insights into tumor biology and elucidate mechanisms of drug resistance. For MM, numerous drugs are used for treatment, including conventional chemotherapies (e.g., melphalan or L-phenylalanine nitrogen mustard), proteasome inhibitors (e.g., Bortezomib), and immunomodulators (e.g., Lenalidomide). These agents have diverse effects on the myeloma cells, and several mechanisms of drug resistance have been previously described. The disparity of these mechanisms and the complexity of these biological processes lead to the formation of complicated hypotheses that require omics approaches for efficient and effective analysis of model systems that can then be interpreted for patient benefit. Here, we describe the combination of metabolomics and proteomics to assess melphalan resistance in MM by examining three specific areas: drug metabolism, modulation of endogenous metabolites to assist in therapeutic escape, and changes in protein activity gauged by ATP probe uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bin Fang
- Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Min Liu
- Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
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Tessoulin B, Moreau-Aubry A, Descamps G, Gomez-Bougie P, Maïga S, Gaignard A, Chiron D, Ménoret E, Le Gouill S, Moreau P, Amiot M, Pellat-Deceunynck C. Whole-exon sequencing of human myeloma cell lines shows mutations related to myeloma patients at relapse with major hits in the DNA regulation and repair pathways. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:137. [PMID: 30545397 PMCID: PMC6293660 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0679-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human myeloma cell lines (HMCLs) are widely used for their representation of primary myeloma cells because they cover patient diversity, although not fully. Their genetic background is mostly undiscovered, and no comprehensive study has ever been conducted in order to reveal those details. Methods We performed whole-exon sequencing of 33 HMCLs, which were established over the last 50 years in 12 laboratories. Gene expression profiling and drug testing for the 33 HMCLs are also provided and correlated to exon-sequencing findings. Results Missense mutations were the most frequent hits in genes (92%). HMCLs harbored between 307 and 916 mutations per sample, with TP53 being the most mutated gene (67%). Recurrent bi-allelic losses were found in genes involved in cell cycle regulation (RB1, CDKN2C), the NFκB pathway (TRAF3, BIRC2), and the p53 pathway (TP53, CDKN2A). Frequency of mutations/deletions in HMCLs were either similar to that of patients (e.g., DIS3, PRDM1, KRAS) or highly increased (e.g., TP53, CDKN2C, NRAS, PRKD2). MAPK was the most altered pathway (82% of HMCLs), mainly by RAS mutants. Surprisingly, HMCLs displayed alterations in epigenetic (73%) and Fanconi anemia (54%) and few alterations in apoptotic machinery. We further identified mutually exclusive and associated mutations/deletions in genes involved in the MAPK and p53 pathways as well as in chromatin regulator/modifier genes. Finally, by combining the gene expression profile, gene mutation, gene deletion, and drug response, we demonstrated that several targeted drugs overcome or bypass some mutations. Conclusions With this work, we retrieved genomic alterations of HMCLs, highlighting that they display numerous and unprecedented abnormalities, especially in DNA regulation and repair pathways. Furthermore, we demonstrate that HMCLs are a reliable model for drug screening for refractory patients at diagnosis or at relapse. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13045-018-0679-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Tessoulin
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France. .,Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Unité d'Investigation Clinique, CHU, Nantes, France.
| | - Agnès Moreau-Aubry
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Géraldine Descamps
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Sophie Maïga
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - David Chiron
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Steven Le Gouill
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Unité d'Investigation Clinique, CHU, Nantes, France
| | - Philippe Moreau
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Unité d'Investigation Clinique, CHU, Nantes, France
| | - Martine Amiot
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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10
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Lok A, Descamps G, Tessoulin B, Chiron D, Eveillard M, Godon C, Le Bris Y, Vabret A, Bellanger C, Maillet L, Barillé-Nion S, Gregoire M, Fonteneau JF, Le Gouill S, Moreau P, Tangy F, Amiot M, Moreau-Aubry A, Pellat-Deceunynck C. p53 regulates CD46 expression and measles virus infection in myeloma cells. Blood Adv 2018; 2:3492-3505. [PMID: 30530776 PMCID: PMC6290095 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018025106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we assessed the sensitivity of myeloma cells to the oncolytic measles virus (MV) in relation to p53 using 37 cell lines and 23 primary samples. We showed that infection and cell death were correlated with CD46 expression, which was associated with TP53 status; TP53 abn cell lines highly expressed CD46 and were preferentially infected by MV when compared with the TP53 wt cell lines (P = .046 and P = .045, respectively). Infection of myeloma cells was fully dependent on CD46 expression in both cell lines and primary cells. In the TP53 wt cell lines, but not the TP53 abn cell lines, activation of the p53 pathway with nutlin3a inhibited both CD46 expression and MV infection, while TP53 silencing reciprocally increased CD46 expression and MV infection. We showed using a p53 chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and microRNA assessment that CD46 gene expression was directly and indirectly regulated by p53. Primary myeloma cells overexpressed CD46 as compared with normal cells and were highly infected and killed by MV. CD46 expression and MV infection were inhibited by nutlin3a in primary p53-competent myeloma cells, but not in p53-deficient myeloma cells, and the latter were highly sensitive to MV infection. In summary, myeloma cells were highly sensitive to MV and infection inhibition by the p53 pathway was abrogated in p53-deficient myeloma cells. These results argue for an MV-based clinical trial for patients with p53 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Lok
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Unité d'Investigation Clinique, and
| | - Geraldine Descamps
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Benoit Tessoulin
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Unité d'Investigation Clinique, and
| | - David Chiron
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Marion Eveillard
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Yannick Le Bris
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Astrid Vabret
- National Reference Laboratory for Measles Virus, Département de Virologie, CHU de Caen, Université de Normandie, Caen, France; and
| | - Celine Bellanger
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Laurent Maillet
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Barillé-Nion
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Marc Gregoire
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Steven Le Gouill
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Unité d'Investigation Clinique, and
| | - Philippe Moreau
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Unité d'Investigation Clinique, and
| | - Frederic Tangy
- CNRS UMR3569, Unité de Génomique Virale et Vaccination, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Martine Amiot
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Agnes Moreau-Aubry
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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11
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Multiple myeloma clonal evolution in homogeneously treated patients. Leukemia 2018; 32:2636-2647. [PMID: 29895955 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0153-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Clonal evolution drives tumor progression, chemoresistance and relapse in cancer. Little is known about clonal selection induced by therapeutic pressure in multiple myeloma. To address this issue, we performed large targeted sequencing of bone marrow plasma cells in 43 multiple myeloma patients at diagnosis and at relapse from exactly the same intensive treatment. The most frequently mutated genes at diagnosis were KRAS (35%), NRAS (28%), DIS3 (16%), BRAF, and LRP1B (12% each). At relapse, the mutational burden was unchanged. Many of the mutations were present at the subclonal level at both time points, including driver ones. According to patients and mutations, we observed different scenarios: selection of a very rare subclone present at diagnosis, appearance, or disappearance of mutations, but also stability. Our data highlight that chemoresistance and relapse could be induced by newly acquired mutations in myeloma drivers but also by (sub)clonal mutations preexisting to the treatment. Importantly, no specific mutation or rearrangement was observed at relapse, demonstrating that intensive treatment has a nonspecific effect on clonal selection in multiple myeloma. Finally, we identified 22 cases of biallelic event, including a double event deletion 17p/TP53mut.
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12
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Gothwal A, Khan I, Kumar P, Raza K, Kaul A, Mishra AK, Gupta U. Bendamustine-PAMAM Conjugates for Improved Apoptosis, Efficacy, and in Vivo Pharmacokinetics: A Sustainable Delivery Tactic. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:2084-2097. [PMID: 29195048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Successful delivery of a chemotherapeutic agent like bendamustine still remains a challenge in clinical conditions like chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and multiple myeloma. We have conjugated bendamustine to polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers after conjugating with N-(hydroxyethyl)maleimide (spacer) via an ester bond. The particle size of PAMAM-bendamustine conjugate was 49.8 ± 2.5 nm. In vitro drug release resulted in sustained release with improved solution stability of drug up to 72 h. In a 24 h cytotoxicity study by MTT assay against human monoblastic leukemia cells (THP-1), the IC50 value for PAMAM-bendamustine was 32.1 ± 4.8 μM compared to 50.42 ± 3.4 μM and 2303 ± 106.5 μM for bendamustine and PAMAM dendrimer, respectively. Significantly higher cell uptake and apoptosis were observed in THP-1 cells by PAMAM-bendamustine conjugate which was confirmed by flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Preliminary in vivo studies undertaken included pharmacokinetics studies, organ distribution studies, and tumor inhibition studies. In healthy Wistar rat model (1CBM IV push model), the pharmacokinetic studies revealed that bioavailability and t1/2 increased significantly, i.e., almost 8.5-fold (193.8 ± 1.116 vs 22.8 ± 0.158 μg mL-1/h) and 5.1-fold (0.75 ± 0.005 vs 3.85 ± 0.015 h), respectively, for PAMAM-bendamustine conjugate compared to pure bendamustine ( p < 0.05), however, clearance and volume of distribution were found to be decreased compared to those of free drug. The study suggests that PAMAM-bendamustine conjugate was not only stable for the longer period but also least toxic and highly taken up by THP-1 cells to exert an anticancer effect at the reduced dose. Tumor inhibition and biodistribution studies in tumor-bearing BALB/c mice revealed that PAMAM-bendamustine conjugate was more effective than the pure drug and showed higher accumulation in the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Gothwal
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy , Central University of Rajasthan , Bandarsindri, Ajmer , Rajasthan 305817 , India
| | - Iliyas Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy , Central University of Rajasthan , Bandarsindri, Ajmer , Rajasthan 305817 , India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy , Central University of Rajasthan , Bandarsindri, Ajmer , Rajasthan 305817 , India
| | - Kaisar Raza
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy , Central University of Rajasthan , Bandarsindri, Ajmer , Rajasthan 305817 , India
| | - Ankur Kaul
- Division of Cyclotron And Radiopharmaceutical sciences , Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences , New Delhi 110054 , India
| | - Anil Kumar Mishra
- Division of Cyclotron And Radiopharmaceutical sciences , Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences , New Delhi 110054 , India
| | - Umesh Gupta
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy , Central University of Rajasthan , Bandarsindri, Ajmer , Rajasthan 305817 , India
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13
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Gillardin PS, Descamps G, Maiga S, Tessoulin B, Djamai H, Lucani B, Chiron D, Moreau P, Le Gouill S, Amiot M, Pellat-Deceunynck C, Moreau-Aubry A. Decitabine and Melphalan Fail to Reactivate p73 in p53 Deficient Myeloma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:ijms19010040. [PMID: 29295500 PMCID: PMC5795990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: TP53 deficiency remains a major adverse event in Multiple Myeloma (MM) despite therapeutic progresses. As it is not possible to target TP53 deficiency with pharmacological agents, we explored the possibility of activating another p53 family member, p73, which has not been well studied in myeloma. (2) Methods: Using human myeloma cell lines (HMCLs) with normal or abnormal TP53 status, we assessed TP73 methylation and expression. (3) Results: Using microarray data, we reported that TP73 is weakly expressed in 47 HMCLs and mostly in TP53 wild type (TP53wt) HMCLs (p = 0.0029). Q-RT-PCR assays showed that TP73 was expressed in 57% of TP53wt HMCLs (4 out of 7) and 11% of TP53 abnormal (TP53abn) HMCLs (2 out of 18) (p = 0.0463). We showed that TP73 is silenced by methylation in TP53abn HMCLs and that decitabine increased its expression, which, however, remained insufficient for significant protein expression. Alkylating drugs increased expression of TP73 only in TP53wt HMCLs but failed to synergize with decitabine in TP53abn HMCLs. (4) Conclusions: Decitabine and melphalan does not appear as a promising combination for inducing p73 and bypassing p53 deficiency in myeloma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Géraldine Descamps
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France.
| | - Sophie Maiga
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France.
| | - Benoit Tessoulin
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France.
| | - Hanane Djamai
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France.
| | - Benedetta Lucani
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France.
| | - David Chiron
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France.
| | - Philippe Moreau
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France.
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Unité d'Investigation Clinique, CHU, 44093 Nantes, France.
| | - Steven Le Gouill
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France.
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Unité d'Investigation Clinique, CHU, 44093 Nantes, France.
| | - Martine Amiot
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France.
| | | | - Agnès Moreau-Aubry
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France.
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14
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Norris EJ, DeStephanis D, Tunquist B, Usmani S, Ganapathi R, Ganapathi M. Cytotoxic efficacy of filanesib and melphalan combination is governed by sequence of treatment in human myeloma cells. Blood Cancer J 2016; 6:e480. [PMID: 27716742 PMCID: PMC5098264 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2016.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E J Norris
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - D DeStephanis
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | | | - S Usmani
- Department of Hematologic Oncology and Blood Disorders, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - R Ganapathi
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - M Ganapathi
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
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15
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Zwickl H, Zwickl-Traxler E, Pecherstorfer M. A single-center retrospective analysis of first-line therapy of multiple myeloma with bendamustine-bortezomib-dexamethasone. Leuk Lymphoma 2016; 57:2065-70. [PMID: 26901249 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1126587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity profile of bendamustine, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (BBD) combination treatment of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). BBD treatment had a response rate of 80% regarding patients with ≥ partial response (PR). Median time to best response was 87.5 days and PFS was 22 months. Median of OS was not reached. PFS of non-responding patients was significantly shortened compared to those with ≥ PR. No statistically significant differences were determined concerning age (≥ vs. < 68 years) and ISS stage (ISS stage I/II vs. III). Grade 3 hematological effects and grade 3/4 non-hematological effects occurred in 20% and 35% of patients, respectively. Most pronounced hematological adverse event was leukopenia, the most severe non-hematological ones affected the cardiovascular system. In summary, BBD treatment was of acceptable efficacy in patients with newly diagnosed MM and exhibited rather low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Zwickl
- a Karl Landsteiner Society, Institute for Supportive Care in Cancer , Krems , Austria
| | - Elisabeth Zwickl-Traxler
- b Departement of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences , Krems , Austria
| | - Martin Pecherstorfer
- b Departement of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences , Krems , Austria
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16
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Matsumoto T, Jimi S, Migita K, Takamatsu Y, Hara S. Inhibition of glucose transporter 1 induces apoptosis and sensitizes multiple myeloma cells to conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Leuk Res 2015; 41:103-10. [PMID: 26790725 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite the recent development of anti-myeloma drugs, the prognosis of high-risk multiple myeloma remains poor. Therefore, new effective treatment strategies for this disease are needed. It has been reported that high intensity of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography is high-risk factor in myeloma, suggesting that glucose uptake can be therapeutic target in high-risk myeloma. In this study, we addressed the utility of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) as a therapeutic target for myeloma with increased glucose uptake. We found myeloma cell lines with elevated glucose uptake activity via GLUT1 up-regulation. STF-31, a selective GLUT1 inhibitor, completely suppressed the glucose uptake activity and induced apoptosis in GLUT1 expressing myeloma cells. On the other hand, this agent little shows the cytotoxicity in normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Moreover, STF-31 synergistically enhanced the cell death induced by melphalan, doxorubicin, and bortezomib. GLUT1 may be promising therapeutic target in myeloma with elevated glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Matsumoto
- Department of Drug Informatics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Shiro Jimi
- Central Laboratory for Pathology and Morphology, Department of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Migita
- Department of Drug Informatics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Takamatsu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shuuji Hara
- Department of Drug Informatics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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17
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Gomez-Bougie P, Halliez M, Maïga S, Godon C, Kervoëlen C, Pellat-Deceunynck C, Moreau P, Amiot M. Curcumin induces cell death of the main molecular myeloma subtypes, particularly the poor prognosis subgroups. Cancer Biol Ther 2015; 16:60-5. [PMID: 25517601 PMCID: PMC4622499 DOI: 10.4161/15384047.2014.986997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM), a plasma cell malignancy, remains incurable despite the development of new therapies. Curcumin anti-tumor effects were previously characterized in multiple myeloma, however only few MM cell lines were included in these studies. Since myeloma is a heterogeneous disease it is important to address the impact of myeloma molecular heterogeneity in curcumin cell death induction. In the present study, a large panel of human myeloma cell lines (HMCLs) (n = 29), representing the main molecular MM subgroups, was screened for curcumin sensitivity. We observed that curcumin cell death induction was heterogeneous, of note 16 HMCLs were highly sensitive to curcumin (LD50 < 20.5 μM), 6 HMCLs exhibited intermediate LD50 values (20.5 μM ≤ LD50 < 32.2 μM) and only 7 HMCLs were weakly sensitive (35 < LD50 < 56 μM). Cell lines harboring the t(11;14) translocation were less sensitive (median LD50 32.9 μM) than non-t(11;14) (median LD50 17.9 μM), which included poor prognosis t(4;14) and t(14;16) cells. Interestingly, curcumin sensitivity was not dependent on TP53 status. For the first time we showed that primary myeloma cells were also sensitive, even those displaying del(17p), another poor prognosis factor. We also unravel the contribution of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family molecules in curcumin response. We found that down-regulation of Mcl-1, an essential MM survival factor, was associated with curcumin-induced cell death and its knockdown sensitized myeloma cells to curcumin, highlighting Mcl-1 as an important target for curcumin-induced apoptosis. Altogether, these results support clinical trials including curcumin in association with standard therapy.
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18
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Huber S, Huettner JP, Hacker K, Bernhardt G, König J, Buschauer A. Esters of Bendamustine Are by Far More Potent Cytotoxic Agents than the Parent Compound against Human Sarcoma and Carcinoma Cells. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26196503 PMCID: PMC4721923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The alkylating agent bendamustine is approved for the treatment of hematopoietic malignancies such as non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma. As preliminary data on recently disclosed bendamustine esters suggested increased cytotoxicity, we investigated representative derivatives in more detail. Especially basic esters, which are positively charged under physiological conditions, were in the crystal violet and the MTT assay up to approximately 100 times more effective than bendamustine, paralleled by a higher fraction of early apoptotic cancer cells and increased expression of p53. Analytical studies performed with bendamustine and representative esters revealed pronounced cellular accumulation of the derivatives compared to the parent compound. In particular, the pyrrolidinoethyl ester showed a high enrichment in tumor cells and inhibition of OCT1- and OCT3-mediated transport processes, suggesting organic cation transporters to be involved. However, this hypothesis was not supported by the differential expression of OCT1 (SLC22A1) and OCT3 (SLC22A3), comparing a panel of human cancer cells. Bendamustine esters proved to be considerably more potent cytotoxic agents than the parent compound against a broad panel of human cancer cell types, including hematologic and solid malignancies (e.g. malignant melanoma, colorectal carcinoma and lung cancer), which are resistant to bendamustine. Interestingly, spontaneously immortalized human keratinocytes, as a model of “normal” cells, were by far less sensitive than tumor cells against the most potent bendamustine esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Huber
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry II, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Philip Huettner
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Hacker
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Günther Bernhardt
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry II, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jörg König
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Armin Buschauer
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry II, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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19
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Surget S, Descamps G, Brosseau C, Normant V, Maïga S, Gomez-Bougie P, Gouy-Colin N, Godon C, Béné MC, Moreau P, Le Gouill S, Amiot M, Pellat-Deceunynck C. RITA (Reactivating p53 and Inducing Tumor Apoptosis) is efficient against TP53abnormal myeloma cells independently of the p53 pathway. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:437. [PMID: 24927749 PMCID: PMC4094448 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the p53-reactivating drugs RITA and nutlin3a in killing myeloma cells. Methods A large cohort of myeloma cell lines (n = 32) and primary cells (n = 21) was used for this study. This cohort contained cell lines with various TP53 statuses and primary cells with various incidences of deletion of chromosome 17. Apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry with Apo2.7 staining of the cell lines or via the loss of the myeloma-specific marker CD138 in primary cells. Apoptosis was further confirmed by the appearance of a subG1 peak and the activation of caspases 3 and 9. Activation of the p53 pathway was monitored using immunoblotting via the expression of the p53 target genes p21, Noxa, Bax and DR5. The involvement of p53 was further studied in 4 different p53-silenced cell lines. Results Both drugs induced the apoptosis of myeloma cells. The apoptosis that was induced by RITA was not related to the TP53 status of the cell lines or the del17p status of the primary samples (p = 0.52 and p = 0.80, respectively), and RITA did not commonly increase the expression level of p53 or p53 targets (Noxa, p21, Bax or DR5) in sensitive cells. Moreover, silencing of p53 in two TP53mutated cell lines failed to inhibit apoptosis that was induced by RITA, which confirmed that RITA-induced apoptosis in myeloma cells was p53 independent. In contrast, apoptosis induced by nutlin3a was directly linked to the TP53 status of the cell lines and primary samples (p < 0.001 and p = 0.034, respectively) and nutlin3a increased the level of p53 and p53 targets in a p53-dependent manner. Finally, we showed that a nutlin3a-induced DR5 increase (≥1.2-fold increase) was a specific and sensitive marker (p < 0.001) for a weak incidence of 17p deletion within the samples (≤19%). Conclusion These data show that RITA, in contrast to nutlin3a, effectively induced apoptosis in a subset of MM cells independently of p53. The findings and could be of interest for patients with a 17p deletion, who are resistant to current therapies.
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