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Juniat V, Cameron CA, Roelofs K, Bajic N, Patel S, Slattery J, Davis G, Rootman D, Selva D. Radiological analysis of orbital lymphoma histological subtypes. Orbit 2023; 42:59-67. [PMID: 35192428 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2022.2035772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterise the radiological features of orbital lymphoma subtypes. METHODS This was a multicentre, retrospective study to analyse radiological and clinical characteristics of orbital lymphoma by histological subtype across two sites within Australia and the United States. RESULTS A total of eighty-eight patients were included. The most common subtypes were extranodal marginal zone lymphoma [EMZL] (48, 54.5%), follicular lymphoma [FL] (16, 18.2%), and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma [DLBCL] (15, 17.0%). Clinically, significant associations were found between DLBCL and vision change (p < .01), pain (p < .01), extraocular movement limitation (p = .01), and optic neuropathy (p = .01). Radiologically, there was no significant difference between the individual histopathological sub-groups with respect to bone destruction (p = .30), optic nerve involvement (p = .30) and diffuse appearance (p = .84). However, if categorised as either aggressive or indolent, aggressive lymphoma subtypes were significantly more likely to demonstrate globe indentation radiologically than indolent subtypes (Odds Ratio = 5.5, 95% CI: 1.3, 23.3; p = .02). CONCLUSIONS DLBCL was significantly associated with vision change, pain, extraocular movement limitation and optic neuropathy clinically. Aggressive lymphoma subtypes were significantly more likely to demonstrate globe indentation radiologically. Otherwise, there were no significant differences between lymphoma subtypes and radiological findings on MRI and CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Juniat
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, The University of Adelaide and the Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide, Australia
| | - Cassie A Cameron
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, The University of Adelaide and the Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kelsey Roelofs
- Division of Orbital and Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Stein Eye Institute of UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nicholas Bajic
- Department of Medical Imaging, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sandy Patel
- Department of Medical Imaging, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - James Slattery
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, The University of Adelaide and the Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide, Australia
| | - Garry Davis
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, The University of Adelaide and the Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide, Australia
| | - Daniel Rootman
- Division of Orbital and Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Stein Eye Institute of UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Dinesh Selva
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, The University of Adelaide and the Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide, Australia
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2
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Deshpande SS, Kane S, Arya S. Extramedullary plasmacytoma in the carotid space: Expanding the differential diagnosis. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2014; 24:410-4. [PMID: 25489135 PMCID: PMC4247511 DOI: 10.4103/0971-3026.143905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma cell neoplasms have been classified into various types, with a range of clinical and radiological presentations. Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a subset of plasma cell neoplasms which presents as an isolated non-osseous soft tissue mass. Though carotid space neoplasms are commonly encountered, EMP in the carotid space is rare and seldom considered in the initial differential diagnosis of a carotid space mass. These tumors can be treated by surgery or radiotherapy. On the other hand, the commonly encountered tumors in the carotid space are treated surgically. Also, it is mandatory to exclude multiple myeloma in the patients presenting with EMP. Hence, accurate and early diagnosis has therapeutic and prognostic implications. We report a rare case of EMP of the carotid space, describing the imaging features and the differential diagnoses with clues pointing to this rare entity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shubhada Kane
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Supreeta Arya
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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3
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Altay C, Seçil M, Ada E, İkiz A, Erdağ T, Tuna B, Sarıoğlu S, Bekiş R, Koçdor MA. Imaging features of primary retropharyngeal leiomyosarcoma with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation. Oral Radiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11282-014-0183-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Nasser QJ, Pfeiffer ML, Romaguera J, Fowler N, Debnam JM, Samaniego F, El-Sawy T, McLaughlin P, Bakhoum MF, Esmaeli B. Clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging and other baseline testing for conjunctival mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 55:1013-7. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.826353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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5
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Xie CM, Liu XW, Mo YX, Li H, Geng ZJ, Zheng L, Lv YC, Ban XH, Zhang R. Primary nasopharyngeal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: imaging patterns on MR imaging. Clin Imaging 2013; 37:458-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Chen JC, Chang YK, Chiang WF, Lu D. Palatal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma masquerading as an infiltrative bony mass. J Dent Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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7
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Yang AI, Ozsvath J, Shukla P, Fatterpekar GM. Retropharyngeal ganglioneuroma: a case report. J Neuroimaging 2012; 23:537-9. [PMID: 23279595 DOI: 10.1111/j.1552-6569.2012.00765.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganglioneuromas are uncommon, benign, and highly differentiated tumors arising from sympathetic ganglia. Common sites for these tumors include the paraspinal region of the retroperitoneum and posterior mediastinum. We report a case of a retropharyngeal ganglioneuroma, a rare occurrence, emphasizing its key imaging characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew I Yang
- Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
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8
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Abstract
The lymphomas, Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, are among the most common types of cancer in the United States. Imaging plays an important role in the evaluation of patients with lymphoma, because it aids in treatment planning and in the determination of prognosis. Structural imaging entails the assessment of morphologic features of normal tissues and organs of the body and of malignant lesions within these structures, and plays a major role in the noninvasive assessment of lymphoma. This article reviews cross-sectional structural imaging modalities with an emphasis on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, with some mention of ultrasonography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Kwee
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rutger A J Nievelstein
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Drew A Torigian
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
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9
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Guastafierro S, Falcone U, Celentano M, Ferrara MG, Sica A, Carbone A, Rossiello R. Primary mantle cell lymphoma of the thyroid. Leuk Res 2009; 34:548-50. [PMID: 19647316 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2009.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2009] [Revised: 07/04/2009] [Accepted: 07/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Guastafierro
- Division of Haematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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10
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Sullivan TJ, Valenzuela AA. Imaging features of ocular adnexal lymphoproliferative disease. Eye (Lond) 2006; 20:1189-95. [PMID: 17019418 DOI: 10.1038/sj.eye.6702382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the imaging characteristics of a cohort of patients with ocular adnexal lymphoproliferative disease (OALD). METHODS A noncomparative retrospective review between 1992 and 1995 and prospective study from 1995 to 2005 of the clinical, imaging and treatment of 105 patients presenting to tertiary orbital referral centre presenting with OALD. RESULTS One hundred and five patients (mean age 61 years, range 11-90 years) with equal gender distribution were included. Fifty-three were primary and 52 were secondary. Computed tomography (CT) usually showed a well-circumscribed lesion of greater than brain density, moulding to adjacent tissues with moderate enhancement. Aggressive histology was associated with bone destruction, while moulding was associated with indolent histology (P<0.005).MRI in OALD showed intermediate signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images and moderate enhancement with gadolinium. Gallium scanning sensitivity to detect ocular adnexal disease was 25 and 57% for systemic involvement. Positron emission tomography (PET) upstaged (71%) of patients with systemic lymphoproliferative involvement, having a higher sensitivity than CT in detecting distant disease (86 vs 72%). CONCLUSIONS CT and/or MRI are essential in the evaluation of OALD and can be used to establish that an orbital lesion may be lymphoprolifetaive in nature. Further, these imaging modalities may predict the behaviour of the lymphoma in certain cases. Gallium scanning provides no additional information to CT and does not influence patient treatment. PET represents an important addition to the assessment of OALD with real impact on patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Sullivan
- Eyelid, Lacrimal and Orbital Clinic, Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Queensland, Australia.
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King AD, Lei KI, Ahuja AT. MRI of neck nodes in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the head and neck. Br J Radiol 2004; 77:111-5. [PMID: 15010382 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/53555208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to describe the imaging features of neck nodes in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The MR scans of 61 patients undergoing staging of a primary extranodal NHL of the head and neck were reviewed retrospectively. Those MR images with nodal disease were assessed for (a) the pattern of nodal disease, (b) presence of nodal necrosis and (c) presence of extracapsular neoplastic spread (ENS) and nodal matting. The features of the nodal disease were analysed in relationship to the sites of the primary NHL (palatine tonsil (PT) n=23, nasal cavity (NC) n=24, nasopharynx (NP) n=6, other extralymphatic sites (OES) n=8), and histology (natural killer/T-cell (NK/T) n=26, diffuse large cell (DLC) n=24, other subtypes (OS) n=11). Nodal disease was present in 26 patients (43%) and occurred in NHL of the PT n=16 (70%), NP n=3 (50%), NC n=5 (21%) and OES n=2 (25%) and in DLC n=15 (63%), NK/T n=6 (23%) and OS n=5 (45%). Nodal disease was significantly more frequent in DLC than NK/T lymphomas (p=0.0053). Nodal disease spread in a contiguous fashion in 25 (96%) patients with nodes. Necrosis was present in 7 of 26 (27%) being present in DLC of the PT in 5, NK/T of the NP in one and NK/T of the NC in one. ENS and matting were present in 19 (73%) and 13 (50%) patients with nodes, respectively. ENS was found in DLC, NK/T, OS, NC, NP, PT, OES (11, 4, 4,1, 2, 14, 2, respectively) and matting was found in DLC, NK/T, OS, NC, NP, PT, OES (9, 3, 1, 0, 2, 10, 1, respectively). Nodal NHL spreads in a contiguous fashion and is most commonly associated with DLC lymphoma of the NP and PT in Waldeyer's ring. Extracapsular nodal spread is frequent and found in most histological subtypes especially those arising from Waldeyer's ring. Necrosis is more common than previously believed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D King
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Organ Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nasopharyngeal (NP) non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is an uncommon tumour. The aim of the study was to describe the appearances on CT and MR imaging, and identify the features which help to distinguish NPNHL from other NP tumours. MATERIALS AND METHODS The CT (n=8) and MR (n=10) images of 14 patients with NPNHL were reviewed retrospectively. Patients with NPNHL were divided into primary NPNHL, where the primary tumour was in the NP (n=7) and secondary NPNHL where the primary tumour was at another extranodal site in the head and neck (n=7). All NPNHL were assessed for tumour size and distribution, appearance and local tumour invasion, in addition lymphadenopathy was assessed in primary NPNHL. RESULTS The NPNHL ranged in size from 20-75 mm (mean of 55 mm for primary and 30 mm for secondary NHL) and were homogeneous on CT in eight (100%) and MR in seven (70%) and mildly heterogeneous on MR in three (30%) patients. NPNHL involved all walls of the NP in 10 (71%) (n=1). Primary NPNHL extended superficially in five (71%) to involve the nasal cavity (n=3) and oropharynx (n=2) and lymphadenopathy was present in five (71%) being bilateral and involving multiple nodal sites (n=4) with necrosis (n=2) and matting (n=3). CONCLUSION NPNHL is a homogeneous tumour that tends to diffusely involve all walls of the nasopharynx and spread in an exophytic fashion to fill the airway, rather than infiltrating into the deep tissues. Deep tumour infiltration, when it occurs, is found in those patients with primary NHL and is usually limited in extent and of small volume. and extended in an exophytic fashion to fill the NP cavity in six (43%). Deep tumour invasion was present in two (14%) both patients with primary NHL, the extent and volume of this tumour invasion was small and involved the prevertebral muscles (n=2), parapharyngeal fat space (n=1) and skull base Primary NHL more commonly spreads superficially to involve the nasal cavity or oropharynx, lymphadenopathy is frequent and extensive. A large tumour that fills the nasopharynx, with no or minimal invasion into deep structures, and a propensity to extend down into the tonsil, rather than up into the skull base, may suggest the diagnosis of NHL over nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D King
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Organ Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong S.A.R., People's Republic of China.
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13
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Yabuuchi H, Fukuya T, Murayama S, Sakai S, Okamura J, Fukuda T, Tomita K, Ro T, Masuda K. CT and MR features of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children and young adults. Clin Radiol 2002; 57:205-10. [PMID: 11952316 DOI: 10.1053/crad.2001.0731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To clarify CT and MR features of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in children and young adults. METHOD CT and MR findings of 13 patients (30 years old or younger) with a histopathologic diagnosis of NPC were reviewed. RESULTS Skull base invasion (12/13), lymphadenopathy (10/13), and infiltrative growth (8/8) were common findings. The signal intensity of tumours was slightly higher than that of muscles in six cases and isointense to that of muscles in two cases on T1-weighted images; it was higher than that of muscle and lower than that of cerebellar grey matter on T2-weighted images in all cases. Internal signals were homogeneous in both pre- and post-Gd-enhanced MR images in all cases. CONCLUSIONS Despite its rarity in this age group, NPC should be included in a differential diagnosis when CT and MR imaging reveal these features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetake Yabuuchi
- Department of Radiology, National Kyushu Cancer Centre, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Donnelly LF, Frush DP, Nelson RC. Multislice helical CT to facilitate combined CT of the neck, chest, abdomen, and pelvis in children. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000; 174:1620-2. [PMID: 10845495 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.174.6.1741620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L F Donnelly
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Zucca E, Roggero E, Bertoni F, Conconi A, Cavalli F. Primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Part 2: Head and neck, central nervous system and other less common sites. Ann Oncol 1999; 10:1023-33. [PMID: 10572599 DOI: 10.1023/a:1008313229892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Zucca
- Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana, Divisione di Oncologia Medica, Ospedale San Giovanni Bellinzona, Switzerland.
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Colbow S, Langanke B, Teuber U. [Initial diagnosis of malignant lymphomas with manifestations in the mouth cavity and adjacent tissues]. Oral Maxillofac Surg 1997; 1:53-56. [PMID: 9483930 DOI: 10.1007/bf03043509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates a series of 89 lymphomas of the head and neck seen over a 40-year period. The lymphomas were classified according to the Kielclassifikation and staged using the Ann Arbor system. A total of 78 patients had a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 50 high grade and 28 low grade. Eleven patients had Hodgkin's disease. Fifty-seven cases were extra-nodal and 52 nodal; 20 were combined. The 5-year survival with Hodgkin's disease was 52.2%, with non-Hodgkin's disease, 66.5%. Low- and high-grade lymphomas had the same 5-year survival (P = NS). Stages I and II had a better prognosis than stages III and IV (P = 0.3).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Colbow
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund-Kiefer und plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universität Leipzig
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