1
|
Špehar TK, Pocrnić M, Klarić D, Bertoša B, Čikoš A, Jug M, Padovan J, Dragojević S, Galić N. Investigation of Praziquantel/Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexation by NMR and LC-HRMS/MS: Mechanism, Solubility, Chemical Stability, and Degradation Products. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:4210-4223. [PMID: 34670371 PMCID: PMC8564759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Praziquantel (PZQ) is a biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) class II anthelmintic drug characterized by poor solubility and a bitter taste, both of which can be addressed by inclusion complexation with cyclodextrins (CD). In this work, a comprehensive investigation of praziquantel/cyclodextrin (PZQ/CD) complexes was conducted by means of UV-vis spectroscopy, spectrofluorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS), and molecular modeling. Phase solubility studies revealed that among four CDs tested, the randomly methylated β-CD (RMβCD) and the sulfobutylether sodium salt β-CD (SBEβCD) resulted in the highest increase in PZQ solubility (approximately 16-fold). The formation of 1:1 inclusion complexes was confirmed by HRMS, NMR, and molecular modeling. Both cyclohexane and the central pyrazino ring, as well as an aromatic part of PZQ are included in the CD central cavity through several different binding modes, which exist simultaneously. Furthermore, the influence of CDs on PZQ stability was investigated in solution (HCl, NaOH, H2O2) and in the solid state (accelerated degradation, photostability) by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD/MS). CD complexation promoted new degradation pathways of the drug. In addition to three already known PZQ degradants, seven new degradation products were identified (m/z 148, 215, 217, 301, 327, 343, and 378) and their structures were proposed based on HRMS/MS data. Solid complexes were prepared by mechanochemical activation, a solvent-free and ecologically acceptable method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marijana Pocrnić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - David Klarić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Branimir Bertoša
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Čikoš
- Institute Ruđer Bošković, Bijenička cesta 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mario Jug
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasna Padovan
- Fidelta Ltd., Prilaz baruna Filipovića 29, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Nives Galić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Preparation of inclusion complex of praziquantel with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and pharmacokinetic property improvement. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
3
|
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of cnicin from blessed thistle (Centaurea benedicta) and its inclusion complexes with cyclodextrins against Schistosoma mansoni. Parasitol Res 2020; 120:1321-1333. [PMID: 33164156 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis, caused by a blood fluke of the genus Schistosoma, afflicts over 230 million people worldwide. Treatment of the disease relies on just one drug, praziquantel. Cnicin (Cn) is the sesquiterpene lactone found in blessed thistle (Centaurea benedicta) that showed antiparasitic activities but has not been evaluated against Schistosoma. However, cnicin has poor water solubility, which may limit its antiparasitic activities. To overcome these restrictions, inclusion complexes with cyclodextrins may be used. In this work, we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antischistosomal activities of cnicin and its complexes with β-cyclodextrin (βCD) and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) against Schistosoma mansoni. Cnicin were isolated from C. benedicta by chromatographic fractionation. Complexes formed by cnicin and βCD (Cn/βCD), as well as by cnicin and HPβCD (Cn/HPβCD), were prepared by coprecipitation and characterized. In vitro schistosomicidal assays were used to evaluate the effects of cnicin and its complexes on adult schistosomes, while the in vivo antischistosomal assays were evaluated by oral and intraperitoneal routes. Results showed that cnicin caused mortality and tegumental alterations in adult schistosomes in vitro, also showing in vivo efficacy after intraperitoneal administration. The oral treatment with cnicin or Cn/βCD showed no significant worm reductions in a mouse model of schistosomiasis. In contrast, Cn/HPβCD complex, when orally or intraperitoneally administered to S. mansoni-infected mice, decreased the total worm load, and markedly reduced the number of eggs, showing high in vivo antischistosomal effectiveness. Permeability studies, using Nile red, indicated that HPβCD complex may reach the tegument of adult schistosomes in vivo. These results demonstrated the antischistosomal potential of cnicin in preparations with HPβCD.
Collapse
|
4
|
|
5
|
Kim AV, Shelepova EA, Selyutina OY, Meteleva ES, Dushkin AV, Medvedev NN, Polyakov NE, Lyakhov NZ. Glycyrrhizin-Assisted Transport of Praziquantel Anthelmintic Drug through the Lipid Membrane: An Experiment and MD Simulation. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:3188-3198. [PMID: 31198045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Praziquantel (PZQ) is one of the most widespread anthelmintic drugs. However, the frequent insufficient application of PZQ after oral administration is associated with its low solubility, penetration rate, and bioavailability. In the present study, the permeation of PZQ through a 1,2-dioleoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) membrane was investigated to probe glycyrrhizin-assisted transport. Glycyrrhizin (or glycyrrhizic acid, GA), a natural saponin, shows the ability to enhance the therapeutic activity of various drugs when it is used as a drug delivery system. However, the molecular mechanism of this effect is still under debate. In the present study, the transport rate was measured experimentally by a parallel artificial membrane permeation assay (PAMPA) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation with DOPC lipid bilayers. The formation of the noncovalent supramolecular complex of PZQ with disodium salt of GA (Na2GA) in an aqueous solution was proved by the NMR relaxation technique. PAMPA experiments show a strong increase in the amount of the penetrating praziquantel molecules in comparison with a saturated aqueous solution of pure drug used as a control. MD simulation of PZQ penetration through the bilayer demonstrates an increase in permeability into the membrane in the presence of a glycyrrhizin molecule. A decrease in the free energy barrier in the middle of the lipid bilayer was obtained, associated with the hydrogen bond between PZQ and GA. Also, GA reduces the local bilayer surface resistance to penetration of PZQ by rearranging the surface lipid headgroups. This study clarifies the mechanism of increasing the drug's bioavailability in the presence of glycyrrhizin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra V Kim
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion , Institutskaya Street, 3 , 630090 , Novosibirsk , Russia.,Novosibirsk State University , 630090 Novosibirsk , Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Shelepova
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion , Institutskaya Street, 3 , 630090 , Novosibirsk , Russia.,Novosibirsk State University , 630090 Novosibirsk , Russia
| | - Olga Yu Selyutina
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion , Institutskaya Street, 3 , 630090 , Novosibirsk , Russia
| | - Elizaveta S Meteleva
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry , 630128 Novosibirsk , Russia
| | - Alexander V Dushkin
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry , 630128 Novosibirsk , Russia
| | - Nikolai N Medvedev
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion , Institutskaya Street, 3 , 630090 , Novosibirsk , Russia.,Novosibirsk State University , 630090 Novosibirsk , Russia
| | - Nikolay E Polyakov
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion , Institutskaya Street, 3 , 630090 , Novosibirsk , Russia.,Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry , 630128 Novosibirsk , Russia
| | - Nikolay Z Lyakhov
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry , 630128 Novosibirsk , Russia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Meteleva ES, Chistyachenko YS, Suntsova LP, Khvostov MV, Polyakov NE, Selyutina OY, Tolstikova TG, Frolova TS, Mordvinov VA, Dushkin AV, Lyakhov NZ. Disodium salt of glycyrrhizic acid – A novel supramolecular delivery system for anthelmintic drug praziquantel. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
7
|
Carvalho LBD, Burusco KK, Jaime C, Venâncio T, Carvalho AFSD, Murgas LDS, Pinto LDMA. Complexes between methyltestosterone and β-cyclodextrin for application in aquaculture production. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 179:386-393. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
8
|
Analysis of the enhanced stability of r(+)-alpha lipoic Acid by the complex formation with cyclodextrins. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:3639-55. [PMID: 23434662 PMCID: PMC3588062 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14023639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
R(+)-alpha lipoic acid (RALA) is one of the cofactors for mitochondrial enzymes and, therefore, plays a central role in energy metabolism. RALA is unstable when exposed to low pH or heat, and therefore, it is difficult to use enantiopure RALA as a pharma- and nutra-ceutical. In this study, we have aimed to stabilize RALA through complex formation with cyclodextrins (CDs). α-CD, β-CD and γ-CD were used for the formation of these RALA-CD complexes. We confirmed the complex formation using differential scanning calorimetry and showed by using HPLC analysis that complexed RALA is more stable than free RALA when subjected to humidity and high temperature or acidic pH conditions. Scanning electron microscopy studies showed that the particle size and shape differed depending on the cyclodextrin used for complexation. Further, the complexes of CD and RALA showed a different particle size distribution pattern compared with that of CD itself or that of the physical mixture of RALA and CD.
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
de Jesus MB, Fraceto LF, Martini MF, Pickholz M, Ferreira CV, de Paula E. Non-inclusion complexes between riboflavin and cyclodextrins. J Pharm Pharmacol 2012; 64:832-42. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2012.01492.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the molecular interaction between β-cyclodextrin (βCD) or hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) and riboflavin (RF), and to test the anticancer potential of these formulations.
Methods
The physicochemical characterization of the association between RF and CDs was performed by UV-vis absorption, fluorescence, differential scanning calorimetry and NMR techniques. Molecular dynamics simulation was used to shed light on the mechanism of interaction of RF and CDs. Additionally, in-vitro cell culture tests were performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the RF–CD complexes against prostate cancer cells.
Key findings
Neither βCD nor HPβCD led to substantial changes in the physicochemical properties of RF (with the exception of solubility). Additionally, rotating frame Overhauser effect spectroscopy experiments detected no spatial correlations between hydrogens from the internal cavity of CDs and RF, while molecular dynamics simulations revealed ‘out-of-ring’ RF–CD interactions. Notwithstanding, both RF–βCD and RF–HPβCD complexes were cytotoxic to PC3 prostate cancer cells.
Conclusions
The interaction between RF and either βCD or HPβCD, at low concentrations, seems to be made through hydrogen bonding between the flavonoid and the external rim of both CDs. Regardless of the mechanism of complexation, our findings indicate that RF–CD complexes significantly increase RF solubility and potentiate its antitumour effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Bispo de Jesus
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Environmental Engineering, State University of São Paulo (Unesp), Sorocaba, Brazil
| | - Maria Florencia Martini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires and CONICET, Argentina
| | - Monica Pickholz
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires and CONICET, Argentina
| | - Carmen Veríssima Ferreira
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Eneida de Paula
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Computational analysis and physico-chemical characterization of an inclusion compound between praziquantel and methyl-β-cyclodextrin for use as an alternative in the treatment of schistosomiasis. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-010-9852-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|